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Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
1. When you frame a topic you provide a perspective to your audience members that offers the audience a place from
which to evaluate the information and to understand what it means to them.
a. True
b. False
Compare and contrast the purposes of reasoning, or logos, in persuasive speeches
2. Logos is a kind of argument, much like a disagreement that ends in a shouting match.
a. True
b. False
Identify the dimensions of ethos and why they matter for a speaker
3. The word ethos means “the character or knowledge of the speaker.”
a. True
b. False
4. To persuade others to change, you only need to establish the “truth.”
a. True
b. False
Explain the benefits of addressing counterarguments, and demonstrate how to deal with them
5. Dealing directly with counterarguments generally makes your speech less persuasive.
a. True
b. False
Choose different types of arguments according to when they are most effective
6. With deductive reasoning, the more instances of evidence you have, the stronger your conclusion will be.
a. True
b. False
7. Ethos, logos, and pathos are all tools of persuasion known as “proofs.”
a. True
b. False
8. Aristotle’s three dimensions of ethos are good judgment, excellence, and a good appearance.
a. True
b. False
Differentiate among fallacies and explain why they represent poor reasoning
9. An ad hominen fallacy is an argument appeal based on an attack of a person’s intelligence or character
a. True
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b. False
Clarify the difference between information and proofs
10. Persuasion is the use of speech to influence the actions of others through reason, credibility, and identification.
a. True
b. False
11. An argument from analogy compares two things and asks the audience to believe that one of them has the
characteristics of the other.
a. True
b. False
12. When you present a counterargument, you should tell your audience why that argument has merit and why your
audience should accept it.
a. True
b. False
13. Pathos is the attempt to evoke appropriate emotion to put the audience in the right frame of mind.
a. True
b. False
14. Inductive reasoning uses if-then statements to create logical conclusions.
a. True
b. False
15. The post hoc fallacy argues that when one event follows another event, the first event likely has nothing to do with the
second event.
a. True
b. False
Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Identify the dimensions of ethos and why they matter for a speaker
16. Aristotle’s dimensions of ethos include all of the following except ___________.
a. good judgement.
b. willfulness.
c. excellence.
d. goodwill.
17. A persuasive speech __________.
a. only uses information to persuade an audience
b. uses a combination of different appeals to persuade an audience
c. does not need information, because it is attempting to convince rather than inform
d. none of the these choices
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18. Including counterarguments in your speech is an effective persuasive strategy for all of the following reasons except:
a. When you include a counterargument, you demonstrate to your audience that you think they are smart.
b. When you address counterarguments, you add to your credibility.
c. When you address a counterargument, you distract your audience from the weaknesses in your argument.
d. When you include a counterargument, you can control and frame the terms of the discussion.
Choose different types of arguments, according to when they are most effective
19. An argument from signs is __________.
a. an attempt at establishing future events from past history
b. an attempt to persuade the audience by using a speaker’s authority
c. an attempt to draw a logical conclusion using if-then statements
d. not useful in formal debate
20. If an audience already knows a problem exists, but does not know how to bring about change, which of the following
appeals would be most useful?
a. an appeal to fear
b. an appeal to nobility
c. an appeal to empowerment
d. none of these choices
21. “If Elizabeth I was a ruling queen of England from 1558 through 1603 C.E. then we can conclude that it was possible
for women to have authority in medieval England,” is an example of which of the following?
a. inductive reasoning
b. causal argument
c. argument from signs
d. deductive reasoning
Clarify the difference between information and proofs
22. Your textbook suggests when you make a persuasive argument, you should:
a. make unsound arguments appear strong.
b. use manipulation to influence the actions of others.
c. represent yourself dishonestly to be more convincing.
d. seek to convince your audience by presenting better arguments.
23. Ethos is __________.
a. only a quality of likableness a speaker possesses
b. a demonstration of the speaker’s trustworthiness to the audience
c. an inherent attribute that some speakers possess and other speakers do not
d. all of these choices
24. “Studies show that more study produces higher grades, and less studying produces lower grades,” is an example of
which kind of argument?
a. inductive reasoning
b. argument from authority
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c. causal argument
d. argument from signs
Compare and contrast the purposes of reasoning, or logos, in persuasive speeches
25. If a speech lacks evidence or reasoning, the speech is lacking in __________.
a. ethos
b. logos
c. pathos
d. appeal to authority
Assess the role of emotion, or pathos, in persuasion and the role of frames in producing emotion
26. When Mitchell assumes his audience cares about the well-being of children and encourages them to join a volunteer
program to become a child’s mentor, he’s appealing to the audience’s sense of __________.
a. sympathy
b. nobility
c. ethos
d. fear
Differentiate among fallacies and explain why they represent poor reasoning
27. When a person reaches a conclusion by using a bad process, _________.
a. it doesn’t mean that the conclusion is wrong
b. it generally means that the conclusion is wrong
c. it means that they are being manipulative.
d. it means that they deliberately chose to use a logical fallacy
Explain the benefits of addressing counterarguments, and demonstrate how to deal with them
28. When confronting a counter-argument in your speech, you should __________.
a. represent the opposing argument honestly
b. give a specific reason why the audience should not accept the counter argument
c. admit there is some merit to the counter argument
d. all of these choices
29. Proofs are __________.
a. when a speaker uses facts or evidence in a speech
b. the appeals of ethos, logos, and pathos
c. if-then statements
d. used when the facts are insufficient by themselves
Differentiate among fallacies and explain why they represent poor reasoning
30. All of the following are true statements about fallacies of causation except_________.
a. Fallacies of causation are among the most common kinds of fallacious reasoning.
b. Fallacies of causation are about establishing linkages between events.
c. Fallacies of causation are rare because we don’t need direct evidence to prove one thing causes another.
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d. Fallacies of causes are common because causation helps us make the world make sense to us.
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Answer Key
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