Chapter 2 Test Bank
2.1 Multiple-Choice Questions
1. Who was the first politician to publish a book, Commentaries, which he used to further
his ambitions?
A) Saint Paul
B) Julius Caesar
C) Herodotus
D) Pope Urban II
2. The word “propaganda” dates back to
A) the Crusades.
B) Pope Gregory XV
C) the American Revolution.
D) the Republic of Venice.
3. Which is NOT a reason why public relations practitioners should use research with
regard to reputation management?
A) social audits
B) communication audits
C) networking
D) environmental monitoring
4. Which is NOT associated with the legendary P.T. Barnum?
A) Jenny Lind
B) press agentry
C) Tom Thumb
D) Annie Oakley
5. Ida B. Wells’ work focused her activist work on:
A) Women’s right to vote
B) The Civil Wary
C) Racial discrimination
D) The abuse of power by big business
6. Who created what is believed to be the first in-house public relations department?
A) Macy’s
B) Westinghouse Corporation
C) Atlanta Railroads
D) General Electric
7. What organization or family is Ivy Lee best known for counseling?
A) The Rockefeller Family
B) BBC
C) Ivory Soap
D) Westinghouse
8. Arthur W. Page advocated that public relations was a
A) management function.
B) humanistic function.
C) media-centric function.
D) negotiating function.
9.According to the text, what was the first organization to create an in-house public
relations department?
A) Macys
B) Westinghouse
C) Pennsylvania Railroad
D) Proctor & Gamble
10. Henry Ford is known for using two basic public relations concepts. What are they?
A) press agentry and third party endorsement
B) positioning and hype
C) using public unity and creating a sound relationship with consumers
D) positioning and being accessible to the press
11. Which is NOT a reason why there is an influx of women working in public relations?
A) Women can start public relations firms without a lot of capital.
B) Women tend to have better listening/communication skills than men.
C) Women have a better business or bottom-line sense than men.
D) Women make more money in public relations than most comparable fields.
12. After WWII, the primary reason for the expansion of public relations was
A) The sense of alienation felt by citizens.
B) A discontent with the public relations programs of large corporations.
C) The formation of the Public Relations Society of America.
D) Economic expansion.
13. Which is the most “balanced” or feedback-based of Grunig’s four models of public
relations?
A) public information
B) press agentry/publicity
C) two-way symmetric
D) two-way asymmetric
14. The “grande dame” of fashion public relations is
A) Eleanor Lambert.
B) Leone Baxter.
C) Jenny Lind.
D) Doris Fleischman.
15.Who is credited with creating the “bill stuffer”?
A) Samuel Insull
B) Henry Ford
C) Moss Kendriz
D) Ivy Lee
16. Which is NOT a correct “matching pair”?
A) 1960s/brought about need for issues management.
B) 1900-1920/public relations an extension of the journalistic function.
C)
1920s-1960s/psychological
and social effects of persuasion.
D) 1900s/press agentry model.
17. The first president to make extensive use of press conferences was
A) Franklin Roosevelt.
B) Theodore Roosevelt.
C) Harry Truman.
D) Andrew Johnson.
18. Which term best describes new innovations such as YouTube and MySpace?
A) social media
B) news media
C) direct media
D) symmetrical media
19. This budding young practitioner was asked by President Woodrow Wilson to
organize a massive public relations effort to unite the nation and to influence world
opinion during World War I.
A) Elmer Davis
B) Paul W. Garrett
C) George Creel
D) Edward L. Bernays
20. According to the text, which of the following is a development that will shape
public relations in the upcoming years?
A) An increased emphasis on measurement.
B) Increased pressure on practitioners to become accredited.
C) Lessening cultural differences.
D) Nationalism.
1. Edward Bernays was known as the first influential person to coin or utilize the term
“Public relations counsel.”
2. In 1900, Henry Ford obtained coverage of the Model T automobile by demonstrating it
to a reporter from the Detroit Tribune newspaper.
3. Moss Kendrix was known for the saying “What the public thinks counts!”
4. Relationship management builds specifically on the notion of asymmetrical
communication.
5. The Creel Committee oversaw public relations/propaganda efforts for President
Woodrow Wilson during World War I.
6. The fastest-growing minority audience in the United States is the African-American
audience.
7. Women in higher levels of management are now common in business and industry.
8. The classic “positive” model for product recall is the Tylenol/Johnson & Johnson case.
9. Women constitute about 70 percent of all public relations practitioners.
2.3 Essay Questions
1. Compare how the Ludlow Massacre was handled in comparison to a recent, major
Page Ref: 46
2. Note the recent push and campaigns by persons to have English as the “official”
language of the U.S., in light of recent immigration reform and struggles. What are the
Page Ref: 59–62