Instructor’s Manual and Test Bank for Essentials of Human Communication, Eighth Edition
C
HAPTER
4:
V
ERBAL
M
ESSAGES
Multiple Choice Questions
1)
The denotative meaning of a word
A)
is subjective. C)
includes the word’s emotional meaning.
B)
is found in a dictionary. D)
is the meaning a speaker gives to the word.
2)
The statement, “Anderson is such a jerk! I hate him.” contains
A)
a snarl word. C)
metacommunication.
B)
a purr word. D)
disconfirmation.
3)
Of the following terms, which is the highest in abstraction?
A)
chairs
B)
furniture
C)
things to sit on
D)
the wing chair in Sandra’s living room
4)
Of the following terms, which is the lowest in abstraction?
A)
cats C)
animals
B)
my orange tabby, Murray D)
carnivores
5)
Which of the following statements is true of direct and indirect speech?
A)
Direct messages are typically less polite than indirect messages.
B) ”Do my laundry!” is an example of an indirect message.
C)
Direct messages allow you to express a desire without insulting or offending anyone
D)
Indirect messages do not cause miscommunication.
6)
Which of the following is the BEST example of an indirect response to “What’s for dinner, Honey”?
A)
“I’m not cooking tonight. I ordered Chinese take–out.”
B) “Why do you always ask me that as soon as I get home from work?”
C) “Tommy said that the new Mexican place down the street is great and they deliver.”
D)
“Fish.”
7)
The principle of cooperation assumes that
A)
keeping peace in a relationship takes precedence over disagreement.
B)
communicators should avoid embarrassing others, especially in public.
C) communicators should help people understand each other.
D)
direct communication is preferable to indirect communication.
8)
This type of deception is used to make oneself look good:
A)
pro-social C) selfish-deception
B)
self–enhancement D) antisocial deception
9)
Which statement is an example of nonsexist language?
A)
The average student is worried about his grades.
B) The competent student knows her limitations.
C) The first-year students may require extra attention.
D)
The fireman climbed the tree to rescue the cat.
10)
In communicating with others verbally, Mariam tries not to say anything that might shed negative
light on the person she is communicating with. According to your text, Mariam’s guiding cultural
principle in verbal communication is
A)
face-saving. C)
cooperation.
B)
peaceful relations. D)
directness.
11)
Arellia believes that people should tell it like it is when communicating with others because being upfront
saves time and energy in the long run. Arellia’s guiding principle in verbal communication is
A)
directness. C)
peaceful relations.
B)
face-saving. D)
self-denigration.
12)
When Nancy told Philip, “I’m so stoked! I got an A on my chemistry midterm,” and Philip replies with
, “I’m hungry. Let’s get some lunch,” Philip engaged in
A)
confirmation. C)
rejection.
B)
disconfirmation. D)
indiscrimination.
13)
The local newspaper used to solicit readers to submit their comments about articles in the online
edition of the newspaper. Readers did not have to give their name, and many of the comments were
extreme. This is an example of __________ messages.
A)
onymous C)
connotative
B)
anonymous D)
denotative
14)
When Brad told Jeremy, “I’m going to study really hard for that history test,” and Jeremy replied, “I
know you will. You have a real drive to do well in school. I admire you.” Jeremy engaged in
A)
confirmation. C)
rejection.
B)
disconfirmation. D)
allness.
15)
When editing the company newsletter, Janet includes the anniversaries of all the traditionally married
couples, but omits the anniversaries of the office’s same–sex couples’ commitment ceremonies. Janet’s
behavior can be described as
A)
sexist. C)
heterosexist.
B)
racist. D)
ageist.
16)
When Lilly confided to Meisha that she was a lesbian, Meisha replied with, “Gosh, Lilly, you don’t look
gay.” Meisha’s reply was
A)
appropriate. C)
confirming.
B)
heterosexist. D)
disconfirming.
17) Which of the following is an appropriate way to avoid ageism?
A)
Assume older people aren’t interested in the world around them.
B)
Talk louder and slower to older people regardless of whether they appear to be hard of hearing.
C)
Remember to refresh older people’s memories every time you see them.
D)
Engage older people in conversation as you would wish to be engaged.
18) Ali is engaging in __________ when he retains a judgment of a close friend, despite the inevitable
changes in the friend.
A)
static evaluation C)
the principle of peaceful relations
B)
symbolic language D)
evaluative language
19)
When Don, who is an openly gay man, meets Mehmet, Mehmet automatically assumes that Don
must also know Rick, Mehmet’s gay residence–hall director. Mehmet’s tendency to assume that Don and Rick
would probably know each other can be described as
A)
sexist.
B)
polarization.
20) Intensional orientation refers to the tendency to
C)
non–evaluative language.
D)
heterosexist.
A)
view people how they are labeled rather than how they actually exist.
B)
respond to things as they are rather than as they are labeled or talked about.
C) see the middle ground as well as the extremes.
D)
group unlike things together and to assume that because they have the same label, they are all alike.
21) Using “etc.” helps speakers to avoid
A)
fact-inference confusion.
B)
allness.
C)
bypassing.
D)
indiscrimination.
22) Which is the BEST example of a factual statement?
A)
Paula is unreasonably angry.
B)
Lene harbors resentment.
C)
Marwan is driving a green Jeep.
D)
Francois seems to prefer Jeeps.
23) A good way to guard against a static evaluation is to use
A)
a date subscript.
B)
polarization.
C)
fact-inference confusion.
D)
intentional orientation.
24)
When we focus on classes of individuals or objects or events and fail to see that each is unique, we have
the misevaluation of
A)
static evaluation.
B)
polarization.
C)
indiscrimination.
D)
fact-inference confusion.
25)
Mandatory retirement laws and age restrictions in certain occupations can be referred to as
A)
ageism.
B)
allness.
C)
institutional ageism.
D)
bypassing.
Instructor’s Manual and Test Bank for Essentials of Human Communication, Eighth Edition
True/False Questions
1)
Connotations of words are found in dictionaries.
2) “Mankind will soon walk on Mars” is an example of sexist language.
3)
Using indirect language allows people to express a desire without insulting or offending others.
4)
The principle of cooperation and the principle of peaceful relations are compatible with one another.
5)
Once you have established your own connotations for expressions such as “I love you,” they rarely
change throughout your lifetime.
6) “Gay men have such good fashion sense” is a heterosexist statement.
7)
The fact that same-sex marriage is illegal in many states is an example of institutional heterosexism.
8)
Companies’ reluctance to hire members of minority groups is an example of individual racism.
9)
“The governor is either with us or against us” is an example of polarization.
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Instructor’s Manual and Test Bank for Essentials of Human Communication, Eighth Edition
10)
It is best to use cultural identifiers that are recognized and used by cultural groups themselves.
Completion Questions
1)
Instead of saying, “I’m bored with this conversation,” you say, “It’s getting late and I have to get up early
tomorrow.” The second statement, which allows you to express a desire without offending someone,
is a(n)
__________ message.
2)
One of the principles of verbal messages is that message meanings are in
__________
3) Terms such as “policeman,” “fireman,” and “salesman” are examples of
__________ language.
4)
If a person is described as a “gay athlete” or “lesbian doctor,” the description illustrates the linguistic
prejudice of __________
5)
A useful extensional device that can help you avoid
____________ is to end each statement,
sometimes verbally, but always mentally, with an et cetera (etc.)
6) Maris sees Hallon playing cards in the student center. Maris tells Sam, “I see Hallon over there
playing cards.” Sam replies, “Hallon will probably win.” Maris’s utterance is a statement of
__________
Sam’s utterance is a statement of __________
7)
When you talk down to people who are older, you are engaging in
__________
8)
Using terms preferred by members of different cultures to talk to and about them requires using
appropriate __________
9)
There are two types of meanings:
__________ and __________
10)
If you avoid immediately labeling people, objects, and events and instead focus on how you actually
see
them, you are engaging in __________ orientation.
Instructor’s Manual and Test Bank for Essentials of Human Communication, Eighth Edition
Matching Sequence
Match the term with the statement, which that best represents the definition of the term.
1) polarization A) “John is very different today than he was in
high school.”
2) allness B) “Helena is such an angel.”
3) racist language C) “European settlers came to the United States to
better their economic conditions.”
4) dating D) “You‘re either with us or against us.”
5) purr words E) “After three minutes into the date, I knew he
was a bore.”
6) snarl words F) “The average homemaker does her grocery
shopping once a week.”
7) connotative word G) “Marcos Alaban, the Hispanic judge,
abstained.”
8) indiscrimination H) “He’s an idiot.”
9) sexist language I) “Grandpa, how do you know who the hottest
hip hop star is? We all know you’re stuck back
in the ‘60s.”
10) ageist language J) “These fundraising dinners are all the same.”