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CHAPTER FOUR
ART OF THE ANCIENT AEGEAN
4
Multiple Choice
1. What have archaeologists found most helpful in determining dates for their Aegean finds?
A. pottery from Kamares
B. the volcanic eruption on Thera
C. geographic descriptions in the Iliad
D. shipwrecks in the Mediterranean
2. Girl Gathering Saffron Crocus Flowers (Fig. 4-1) demonstrates Aegean cultural practices
related to
A. a woman’s entry into adolescence.
B. domestic role of women.
C. the harvesting of food.
D. marriage ceremonies.
3. Which of the following is characteristic of Kamares ware?
A. painted military scenes
B. extreme thinness
C. delicate glazing
D. relief carvings
4. In which millennium BCE was the potter’s wheel introduced to the Minoan world?
A. fourth
B. third
C. second
D. first
5. In the Harvester Rhyton (Fig. 4-9) the men might have been marching to the beat of a
A. drum.
B. flute.
C. trumpet.
D. sistrum.
6. What features suggests a main difference between Minoan and Mycenaean civilizations?
A. towers
B. citadels
C. crenellations
D. bunkers
7. Which term is used to describe the precisely cut blocks used to build Mycenaean tholos
tombs?
A. rhyton
B. ashlar
C. faience
D. cyclopean
8. Which culture’s artistic characteristics seen in the wall paintings found at Akrotiri demonstrate
in color and detail a sophisticated decorative sense?
A. Minoan
B. Trojan
C. Mycenaean
D. Cycladic
9. Scholars who think a confederation of aristocrats ruled Minoan civilization during the Old
Palace period interpret the “palace” complex at Knossos as
A. the residences of several ruling families.
B. sites of religious ceremonies or rituals.
C. an administrative complex.
D. a commercial district.
10. Which of the following was an architectural feature of the “palace” complex at Knossos?
A. marble columns
B. fortified outer walls
C. corbeled ceilings
D. flat roofs
11. Aegean artists created exquisite luxury goods from imported
A. gold.
B. beeswax.
C. glass.
D. marble.
12. The Bull’s-Head Rhyton (Fig. 4-10) would have been used
A. to pour ritual libations.
B. as a votive statue.
C. to carry water.
D. as a tomb guardian.
13. Scholars believe the Bull Leaping mural from the palace of Knossos on Crete represents
A. a popular form of entertainment.
B. a scene from Minoan legend.
C. a fertility ritual or initiation practice.
D. a dance of sorrow.
14. Which cultural influence can be seen in the metalworking skills used to make the Vapheio
Cup (Fig. 4-13)?
A. Minoan
B. Mycenaean
C. Egyptian
D. Near Eastern
15. According to art historian Gail Hoffman, what features on Head with Remains of Painted
Decoration (Fig. 4-3) are related to Cycladic rituals of mourning the dead?
A. painted eyes
B. presence of a necklace
C. red lines
D. floral motif
16. Which city’s walls were rebuilt three times?
A. Knossos
B. Mycenae
C. Pylos
D. Troy
17. The great lions of the Lion Gate at Mycenae were inserted into the
A. the posts.
B. the lintel.
C. the corbelled arch.
D. the flanking walls.
18. What were the earliest tomb structures on mainland Greece called?
A. tholos tombs
B. beehive tombs
C. shaft graves
D. passage graves
19. The first example of dressed stone in the Aegean is at
A. Thera.
B. Mycenae.
C. Akrotiri.
D. Knossos.
20. The beautiful Harvester Rhyton (Fig. 4-9) may have been covered with
A. niello.
B. gold leaf.
C. serpentine.
D. fresco.
21. What defines the styles used for depictions of sea life decorating works like Octopus Flask
(Fig. 4-11)?
A. energetic
B. stoic
C. serious
D. idealistic
22. In comparison to the Harvester Rhyton (Fig. 4-9), the figures on the Warrior Krater (Fig. 4-
26) do not have the
A. majestic scale.
B. vibrant energy.
C. static march.
D. calm expression.
23. The Statuette of a Male Figure (Fig. 4-8) has been interpreted as a(n)
A. soldier.
B. prisoner.
C. young god.
D. athlete.
24. What is the metalworking technique that fuses minute balls of precious metal to a surface?
A. fresco
B. relief
C. filigree
D. granulation
25. Art historian Thomas Strasser identified the subject of the so-called Flotilla Fresco as
A. a fishing expedition.
B. a specific seascape of Thera.
C. a volcanic eruption.
D. the approach of a Mycenaean warship.
Short Answer
1. What defines the style of the Cycladic Island works of art?
2. Why is the term labyrinth appropriate for the Palace of Knossos?
3. What makes Minoan wall painting an eloquent art form?
4. What scene is shown in the most famous painting of Knossos, the Bull Leaping mural?
5. What is exceptional about the materials of the Statuette of a Male Figure and how may it have
functioned?
6. Give two reasons that the Harvester Rhyton is exceptional.
7. How did the Mycenaean tomb develop from the shaft grave to the tholos tomb?
8. What iconography appears on the Lion Gate at Mycenae, and what was its possible purpose
Essay
1. How would you compare and contrast the art of the Minoans with the art of the Mycenaeans?
2. Compare the “palace” complex of Knossos with the Mycenaean citadel.
3. Trace the development of luxury goods from the Aegean world from the Cyclades islands to
Crete and then to the Greek mainland.
4. Discuss the evidence that suggests the Minoans and Mycenaeans both traded with cultures
from the Near East and Egypt. Give specific examples.
5. Describe the iconography in Aegean art, and give at least three examples.
