31
Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
71) Identify and define the four basic varieties of sentences.
within a message.
AACSB: Written and oral communication
Difficulty: Difficult
Classification: Conceptual
Learning Outcome: Compose and shape business messages
72) A typical paragraph contains the three basic elements of
A) a topic sentence, support sentences, and transitional words and phrases.
B) simple, compound, and complex sentences followed by compound-complex sentences.
C) the main idea, supporting ideas, and evidence.
D) a problem, discussion, and a solution.
E) strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities.
coherent paragraphs.
AACSB: Written and oral communication
Difficulty: Moderate
Classification: Conceptual
Learning Outcome: Compose and shape business messages
32
73) Words such as “nevertheless,” “however,” “but,” and “therefore”
A) are called pointer words.
B) introduce modifiers.
C) occur only in complex sentences.
D) are useful for making transitions.
E) are used as connotative words.
coherent paragraphs.
AACSB: Written and oral communication
Difficulty: Moderate
Classification: Conceptual
Learning Outcome: Compose and shape business messages
74) Skillful writers use transitional elements to
A) automate text entry and correction.
B) track footnotes and endnotes.
C) ensure consistent formatting throughout a document.
D) connect ideas and show the relationships between them.
E) reinforce the “you” attitude.
coherent paragraphs.
AACSB: Written and oral communication
Difficulty: Moderate
Classification: Critical Thinking
Learning Outcome: Compose and shape business messages
75) In business writing, the topic sentence of a paragraph is
A) usually implied and is rarely included in the paragraph.
B) generally explicit and is often the first sentence in the paragraph.
C) often vague and is usually placed in the middle of the paragraph.
D) most often understated and normally is the last sentence in the paragraph.
E) used to present specific data for the reader.
coherent paragraphs.
AACSB: Written and oral communication
Difficulty: Moderate
Classification: Conceptual
Learning Outcome: Compose and shape business messages
33
76) In ________ paragraph, a writer analyzes the reasons for and/or the consequences of an
action, an event, or a decision.
A) an illustration
B) a comparison and contrast
C) a cause and effect
D) a problem and solution
E) an augmentation
coherent paragraphs.
AACSB: Written and oral communication
Difficulty: Moderate
Classification: Conceptual
Learning Outcome: Compose and shape business messages
77) When you want to develop a paragraph by showing how a general idea is broken into
specific categories, which of these methods would you use?
A) illustration
B) comparison and contrast
C) cause and effect
D) classification
E) problem and solution
coherent paragraphs.
AACSB: Written and oral communication
Difficulty: Difficult
Classification: Conceptual
Learning Outcome: Compose and shape business messages
34
78) Effective paragraphs are both ________ (focused on a single idea) and ________ (organized
logically).
A) brief; constrained
B) intense; systematic
C) unified; coherent
D) dense; collated
E) simple; specific
coherent paragraphs.
AACSB: Written and oral communication
Difficulty: Moderate
Classification: Conceptual
Learning Outcome: Compose and shape business messages
79) In which of the following situations are transitional elements useful?
A) eliminating a shift in ideas between paragraphs
B) isolating specific points within a paragraph
C) linking major sections or chapters in a long report
D) eliminating a string of nouns
E) switching from historic information to current information
coherent paragraphs.
AACSB: Written and oral communication
Difficulty: Moderate
Classification: Synthesis
Learning Outcome: Compose and shape business messages
35
80) If a writer focuses on the similarities and differences of a topic to compose a paragraph, then
he or she is using the ________ approach.
A) connotative and denotative
B) problem and solution
C) comparison or contrast
D) cause and effect
E) illustration
coherent paragraphs.
AACSB: Written and oral communication
Difficulty: Moderate
Classification: Conceptual
Learning Outcome: Compose and shape business messages
81) A(n) ________ is a cluster of sentences related to the same general topic.
A) paradigm
B) paraphrase
C) paragraph
D) classification
E) illustration
coherent paragraphs.
AACSB: Written and oral communication
Difficulty: Moderate
Classification: Conceptual
Learning Outcome: Compose and shape business messages
36
82) Skillful writers use transitional elements to
A) automate text entry and correction.
B) track footnotes and endnotes.
C) ensure consistent formatting throughout a document.
D) erect a verbal cushion between themselves and their readers.
E) connect ideas and show the relationships between them.
coherent paragraphs.
AACSB: Written and oral communication
Difficulty: Moderate
Classification: Conceptual
Learning Outcome: Compose and shape business messages
83) A paragraph that is developed using a cause and effect relationship will
A) give examples that demonstrate the general idea.
B) use similarities or difference to develop the topic.
C) focus on the reasons for something.
D) show how an idea is broken into specific categories.
E) present a problem and then discuss the solution.
coherent paragraphs.
AACSB: Written and oral communication
Difficulty: Easy
Classification: Conceptual
Learning Outcome: Compose and shape business messages
84) Breaking ideas down into specific categories uses ________ to develop a paragraph.
A) problem and solution
B) illustration
C) cause and effect
D) comparison or contrast
E) classification
coherent paragraphs.
AACSB: Written and oral communication
Difficulty: Easy
Classification: Conceptual
Learning Outcome: Compose and shape business messages
37
85) Transitions connect ideas by showing how one thought is related to another.
coherent paragraphs.
AACSB: Analytic thinking
Difficulty: Moderate
Classification: Conceptual
Learning Outcome: Compose and shape business messages
86) When developing paragraphs, you should use only one method within each paragraph and
throughout a document.
coherent paragraphs.
AACSB: Written and oral communication
Difficulty: Moderate
Classification: Conceptual
Learning Outcome: Compose and shape business messages
87) Identify and describe the elements of an effective paragraph.
coherent paragraphs.
AACSB: Written and oral communication
Difficulty: Moderate
Classification: Synthesis
Learning Outcome: Compose and shape business messages