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Health: The Basics, 12e (Donatelle)
Chapter 4 Preventing Violence and Injury
1) Violence can be defined as
A) injuries caused accidentally without intent to harm, such as in a car accident.
B) a repeated implied or verbal threat against another person.
C) a premeditated crime against another person, usually involving a weapon.
D) the intentional use of physical force or power against oneself or another person or group.
Skill: Understanding
Section: What Is Violence?
Learning Outcome: 4.1
2) Social and cultural factors that increase the likelihood of violence include all of the following
EXCEPT
A) poverty.
B) unemployment.
C) social support.
D) political differences.
Skill: Understanding
Section: Factors Contributing to Violence
Learning Outcome: 4.2
3) Cultural beliefs that can be considered societal causes of violence include
A) objectifying women.
B) promoting open communication between men and women.
C) empowering women.
D) encouraging men to be respectful of women.
Skill: Understanding
Section: Factors Contributing to Violence
Learning Outcome: 4.2
4) Breakdowns in the criminal justice system contribute to violence because
A) there are too many prisons.
B) sentences in various jurisdictions range from lenient to excessive.
C) prisoners serve their full sentences and may complete training programs while incarcerated.
D) prisons are overcrowded and prisoners may be released early.
Skill: Understanding
Section: Factors Contributing to Violence
Learning Outcome: 4.2
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5) Which of the following is TRUE about primary aggression?
A) It will not result in the bodily harm of others.
B) It is goal-directed, hostile self-assertion that is destructive in nature.
C) It results from frustration with minor, daily life experiences.
D) Aggressive behavior does not necessarily result in violent interactions.
Skill: Understanding
Section: Factors Contributing to Violence
Learning Outcome: 4.2
6) A tendency toward anger may be
A) simply a mood that will pass.
B) both physiological and related to family background.
C) a learned response to over-protective parenting.
D) a trait of emotionally mature people.
Skill: Understanding
Section: Factors Contributing to Violence
Learning Outcome: 4.2
7) Which of the following is TRUE about reactive aggression?
A) It is most often an emotional reaction to frustrating life experiences.
B) It is a goal-directed, hostile form of self-assertion.
C) It is defined as occasional or rare behavior.
D) It is often related to substance abuse.
Skill: Analyzing
Section: Factors Contributing to Violence
Learning Outcome: 4.2
8) Research examining the relationship between substance abuse and violence indicates that
A) chronic drinkers are less likely than others to have histories of violent behavior.
B) alcohol consumption is a major factor in domestic violence at all levels.
C) substance abuse can elevate a person’s mood and thereby prevent a potential crime.
D) substance abuse markedly decreases the risk of both homicide and suicide.
Skill: Understanding
Section: Factors Contributing to Violence
Learning Outcome: 4.2
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9) Which of the following is TRUE regarding homicides?
A) Homicides rates increase each year in the United States.
B) Homicides are the second leading cause of death for persons aged 15 to 24.
C) Homicide rates are about the same among white and nonwhite ethnic groups.
D) Homicide rates are about the same among males and females.
Skill: Remembering
Section: Interpersonal and Collective Violence
Learning Outcome: 4.3
10) Which of the following would NOT be considered a hate crime?
A) beating up a teenager because she is Hispanic
B) burning a church for reasons of religious bias
C) assaulting a person because of his sexual orientation
D) shooting a bank employee during an armed robbery
Skill: Applying
Section: Interpersonal and Collective Violence
Learning Outcome: 4.3
11) Of the following, which factor is NOT a risk for gang involvement?
A) low self-esteem
B) academic achievement
C) alienation from family and society
D) low socioeconomic status
Skill: Understanding
Section: Interpersonal and Collective Violence
Learning Outcome: 4.3
12) Young people tend to join gangs for all of the following reasons EXCEPT
A) to gain a sense of self-worth.
B) to obtain economic security.
C) to have companionship, excitement, and a sense of belonging.
D) to impress friends who are not gang members.
Skill: Understanding
Section: Interpersonal and Collective Violence
Learning Outcome: 4.3
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13) The term terrorism is correctly applied to situations in which
A) workers organize for political and economic rights.
B) one country attacks another in a state of war.
C) students demonstrate peacefully against their government.
D) violence is used to achieve political aims.
Skill: Understanding
Section: Interpersonal and Collective Violence
Learning Outcome: 4.3
14) A bias–motivated crime is
A) a hate crime.
B) intimate partner abuse.
C) a crime committed by a stranger.
D) a crime that was not reported to the police.
Skill: Understanding
Section: Interpersonal and Collective Violence
Learning Outcome: 4.3
15) A woman often remains a victim of intimate partner violence because
A) she fears retaliation against herself or her children.
B) she is financially independent.
C) she believes the situation will never change.
D) her cultural or religious beliefs allow divorce.
Skill: Understanding
Section: Interpersonal and Collective Violence
Learning Outcome: 4.3
16) Which of the following is TRUE about ethnoviolence and hate crimes?
A) Prejudice and discrimination are always at the base of hate crimes and ethnoviolence.
B) Ethnoviolence is always more brutal than hate crimes.
C) Ethnoviolence is based on prejudice, but hate crimes are not.
D) Hate crimes are based on prejudice, but ethnoviolence is not.
Skill: Analyzing
Section: Interpersonal and Collective Violence
Learning Outcome: 4.3
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17) Which of the following is TRUE about the cycle of intimate partner violence?
A) In the remorse/reconciliation phase, the batterer tries to teach the partner a lesson by inflicting
severe pain.
B) Most victims can break the cycle without outside intervention.
C) The cycle involves a tension-building phase during which the worst battering occurs.
D) The cycle explains predictable patterns of abuse.
Skill: Understanding
Section: Interpersonal and Collective Violence
Learning Outcome: 4.3
18) What proportion of murder-suicides in the United States involve an intimate partner?
A) about one-fourth
B) about one-third
C) about one-half
D) about three-fourths
Skill: Remembering
Section: Interpersonal and Collective Violence
Learning Outcome: 4.3
19) A factor commonly associated with intimate partner violence is
A) economic stability.
B) low self-esteem.
C) tobacco use.
D) moving to an unfamiliar area.
Skill: Analyzing
Section: Interpersonal and Collective Violence
Learning Outcome: 4.3
20) Allen visits his aunt every month the day after her Social Security check arrives and badgers
her until she writes him a check for $100. This is an example of
A) intimate partner violence.
B) a bias-motivated crime.
C) neglect.
D) elder abuse.
Skill: Applying
Section: Interpersonal and Collective Violence
Learning Outcome: 4.3
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21) If a child is not provided with enough to eat and doesn’t have proper clothes to wear, this is
an example of
A) physical abuse.
B) neglect.
C) family discipline.
D) domestic violence.
Skill: Analyzing
Section: Interpersonal and Collective Violence
Learning Outcome: 4.3
22) Pearl confides that, at a frat party, she was forced to have sex and did not consent; this is an
example of
A) abuse.
B) sexual assault.
C) intimate partner violence.
D) neglect.
Skill: Understanding
Section: Sexual Victimization
Learning Outcome: 4.4
23) Violence directed at others and based on prejudice and discrimination is
A) bias.
B) harassment.
C) ethnoviolence.
D) assault.
Skill: Remembering
Section: Interpersonal and Collective Violence
Learning Outcome: 4.3
24) Which of the following is TRUE about the term acquaintance rape?
A) It is synonymous with the term simple rape.
B) It is not used for rapes involving incidental contact at a party.
C) It is used only when the victim has known the perpetrator for a length of time.
D) It has largely replaced the term date rape.
Skill: Understanding
Section: Sexual Victimization
Learning Outcome: 4.4
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25) Which of the following is TRUE about marital rape?
A) It is not a crime.
B) Women over the age of 25 are most at risk.
C) It is usually an isolated occurrence that happens once.
D) Several states may treat marital rape as a lesser crime.
Skill: Understanding
Section: Sexual Victimization
Learning Outcome: 4.4
26) Sexual penetration without the victim‘s consent constitutes
A) sexual harassment.
B) aggravated rape.
C) sexual assault.
D) rape.
Skill: Remembering
Section: Sexual Victimization
Learning Outcome: 4.4
27) Children who have experienced sexual abuse are at increased risk for
A) depression, but not anxiety disorders.
B) anxiety disorders, but not depression.
C) anxiety disorders, depression, and suicide.
D) sleepwalking.
Skill: Understanding
Section: Sexual Victimization
Learning Outcome: 4.4
28) Rape that involves a stranger is classified as
A) sexual harassment.
B) aggravated rape.
C) sexual assault.
D) simple rape.
Skill: Understanding
Section: Sexual Victimization
Learning Outcome: 4.4
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29) Statistics on campus violence indicate that
A) over 20 percent of female college students have been sexually assaulted during their
undergraduate years.
B) nearly 20 percent of female rape victims experience their first rape before the age of 25.
C) nearly 1 in 59 women have been raped at some point in their lives.
D) only about one-third of campus rapes are ever reported to the police.
Skill: Remembering
Section: Sexual Victimization
Learning Outcome: 4.4
30) Any form of unwanted sexual attention is
A) sexual harassment.
B) flirting.
C) sexual assault.
D) innuendo.
Skill: Remembering
Section: Sexual Victimization
Learning Outcome: 4.4
31) Your friend confides that her coworker is always making sexually explicit comments to her
and telling lewd jokes. You explain to her that this is
A) sexual assault.
B) sexual coercion.
C) sexual harassment.
D) sexual invasion.
Skill: Applying
Section: Sexual Victimization
Learning Outcome: 4.4
32) Which of the following is TRUE about stalking?
A) It can occur online.
B) Males are almost never victims of stalking.
C) It is does not include threats.
D) It typically occurs at random.
Skill: Understanding
Section: Sexual Victimization
Learning Outcome: 4.4
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33) A key defense against assault when you’re outside alone is to
A) talk on your cell phone.
B) stay aware of your surroundings.
C) know the campus well so you can take shortcuts.
D) keep your head down and avoid eye contact.
Skill: Understanding
Section: Preventing Violence
Learning Outcome: 4.5
34) The use of force to control and maintain power over another person in the home environment
is
A) domestic violence.
B) spousal violence.
C) intentional violence.
D) intimate partner violence.
Skill: Remembering
Section: Interpersonal and Collective Violence
Learning Outcome: 4.3
35) Successful community strategies for preventing violence include all of the following
EXCEPT
A) helping community members develop self-esteem.
B) improving community-based support and treatment for victims.
C) promoting tolerance and acceptance.
D) discouraging family planning programs.
Skill: Understanding
Section: Preventing Violence
Learning Outcome: 4.5
36) A growing risk of violent incidents on college campuses has caused colleges to respond by
A) enacting more restrictive admissions policies.
B) revising prevention and emergency response strategies.
C) doing more extensive background checks on students and faculty.
D) decreasing ways to notify students and faculty of immediate risk.
Skill: Understanding
Section: Preventing Violence
Learning Outcome: 4.5
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37) Campus law enforcement officers now have
A) increased authority to carry weapons.
B) been relieved of the responsibility for emergency responses.
C) more staff and increased authority to prosecute offenders.
D) the ability to enforce laws in classrooms but not in student living quarters.
Skill: Understanding
Section: Preventing Violence
Learning Outcome: 4.5
38) The vast majority of stalkers are
A) lacking in social skills.
B) teenagers or young adults.
C) known to their victims.
D) reported to the authorities.
Skill: Analyzing
Section: Sexual Victimization
Learning Outcome: 4.4
39) A common ploy used by rapists is to
A) pose as a friend or employee.
B) pose as a police officer or other authority figure.
C) engage in an initial e-mail exchange.
D) offer to purchase an expensive item for the victim.
Skill: Understanding
Section: Preventing Violence
Learning Outcome: 4.5
40) Jane is being harassed by a coworker. You should tell her to
A) ignore the person.
B) tell her boss.
C) confront the person when alone.
D) find a way to take revenge on the coworker.
Skill: Applying
Section: Sexual Victimization
Learning Outcome: 4.4