10
37) Justin often engages in binge drinking on the weekends. This behavior puts him at risk for a
dangerous sleep disorder in which the brain and the respiratory muscles do not communicate
properly. It’s known as
A) central sleep apnea.
B) obstructive sleep apnea.
C) narcolepsy.
D) delta sleep.
Skill: Applying
Section: Sleep Disorders
Learning Outcome: 3a.5
38) Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) commonly results in
A) reduced snoring.
B) frequent night waking.
C) deep breathing.
D) restful sleep.
Skill: Understanding
Section: Sleep Disorders
Learning Outcome: 3a.5
39) Zack was diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). His doctor may include diet and
exercise as part of his treatment regimen because
A) greater physical endurance will help in fighting his condition.
B) losing weight will decrease his risk of developing central sleep apnea.
C) losing weight may reduce his OSA symptoms.
D) he will have more energy during the day to combat his usual sleepiness.
Skill: Applying
Section: Sleep Disorders
Learning Outcome: 3a.5
40) Obstructive sleep apnea increases a person’s risk for all of the following EXCEPT
A) high blood pressure.
B) stroke.
C) irregular heartbeats.
D) asthma.
Skill: Understanding
Section: Sleep Disorders
Learning Outcome: 3a.5
11
41) The sleep disorder in which a person experiences unpleasant sensations in the legs and an
uncontrollable urge to move to relieve the sensations is
A) central sleep apnea.
B) restless legs syndrome.
C) sleepwalking.
D) narcolepsy.
Skill: Remembering
Section: Sleep Disorders
Learning Outcome: 3a.5
42) Sleepwalking sometimes occurs during
A) NREM stage 4.
B) NREM stage 3.
C) NREM stage 2.
D) NREM stage 1.
Skill: Understanding
Section: The Processes of Sleep
Learning Outcome: 3a.3
43) One cause of narcolepsy appears to be
A) viral.
B) genetic.
C) bacterial.
D) environmental.
Skill: Remembering
Section: Sleep Disorders
Learning Outcome: 3a.5
44) Ana has been diagnosed with insomnia. If her doctor prescribes a medication to treat her
condition, it will most likely be some type of
A) sedative.
B) narcotic.
C) antidepressant.
D) stimulant.
Skill: Applying
Section: Sleep Disorders
Learning Outcome: 3a.5
12
45) Gene occasionally has difficulty falling asleep but has never been diagnosed with a sleep
disorder. Which strategy can he use to help him fall asleep faster?
A) working on the computer later in the evening to keep his mind occupied
B) eating his largest meal within two hours of bedtime so he won’t be hungry
C) practicing deep breathing or meditation before bedtime
D) drinking a lot of fluids in the evening to stay hydrated
Skill: Applying
Section: Getting a Good Night’s Sleep
Learning Outcome: 3a.4
46) When you feel groggy and disoriented after a long nap, you are experiencing
A) sleep apnea.
B) narcolepsy.
C) insomnia.
D) sleep inertia.
Skill: Applying
Section: The Processes of Sleep
Learning Outcome: 3a.3
47) The condition that causes people to fall asleep involuntarily during the day is
A) sleep apnea.
B) narcolepsy.
C) insomnia.
D) sleep inertia.
Skill: Remembering
Section: Sleep Disorders
Learning Outcome: 3a.5
48) The sleep disorder in which breathing is interrupted many times during sleep is
A) sleep apnea.
B) narcolepsy.
C) insomnia.
D) sleep inertia.
Skill: Remembering
Section: Sleep Disorders
Learning Outcome: 3a.5
13
49) A person who has difficulty falling asleep quickly and wakes up frequently is suffering from
A) non-REM sleep.
B) sleep debt.
C) narcolepsy.
D) insomnia.
Skill: Remembering
Section: Sleep Disorders
Learning Outcome: 3a.5
50) A person’s 24–hour cycle of sleeping, waking, and performing daily activities is his or her
A) daily cycle.
B) seasonal rhythm.
C) circadian rhythm.
D) habitual behavior.
Skill: Remembering
Section: The Processes of Sleep
Learning Outcome: 3a.3
51) The restful, restorative period of sleep is
A) non-REM sleep.
B) REM sleep.
C) alternating-wave sleep.
D) rapid-wave sleep.
Skill: Understanding
Section: The Processes of Sleep
Learning Outcome: 3a.3
52) The energizing period of sleep during which dreams occur is
A) non-REM sleep.
B) REM sleep.
C) alternating-wave sleep.
D) rapid-wave sleep.
Skill: Understanding
Section: The Processes of Sleep
Learning Outcome: 3a.3
14
53) The difference between hours of sleep needed and actual hours slept is
A) sleep ratio.
B) sleep debt.
C) sleep pattern.
D) sleep inertia.
Skill: Remembering
Section: The Processes of Sleep
Learning Outcome: 3a.3
54) Some researchers believe that chronic sleep deficiencies can
A) regulate blood glucose levels.
B) increase testicular size.
C) increase sperm motility.
D) increase the risk for type 2 diabetes.
Skill: Understanding
Section: The Importance of Sleep
Learning Outcome: 3a.2
55) The portion of the brain considered to be the “master mind” that only rests during sleep is the
A) cerebral cortex.
B) cerebellum.
C) brain stem.
D) midbrain.
Skill: Remembering
Section: The Importance of Sleep
Learning Outcome: 3a.2
56) During a sleep study, a person spends the night in a sleep lab, and his or her body functions
are monitored by
A) full–time sleep specialists.
B) nurses on the night shift.
C) sensors and electrodes.
D) imaging equipment.
Skill: Understanding
Section: Sleep Disorders
Learning Outcome: 3a.5
15
57) Caffeine effectively counteracts the negative effects of sleep deprivation.
Skill: Understanding
Section: The Processes of Sleep
Learning Outcome: 3a.3
58) In the United States, about 20 percent of the population suffers from excessive daytime
sleepiness.
Skill: Remembering
Section: Sleepless in America
Learning Outcome: 3a.1
59) Nicotine and alcohol improve sleep by inducing relaxation.
Skill: Understanding
Section: Getting a Good Night’s Sleep
Learning Outcome: 3a.4
60) Sleep helps the body to conserve energy.
Skill: Remembering
Section: The Importance of Sleep
Learning Outcome: 3a.2
61) Getting enough sleep may reduce a person’s susceptibility to colds.
Skill: Understanding
Section: The Importance of Sleep
Learning Outcome: 3a.2
62) Short-duration sleep lowers a person’s risk for cardiovascular disease.
Skill: Understanding
Section: The Importance of Sleep
Learning Outcome: 3a.2
16
63) Somnolence is a synonym for sleep deprivation.
Skill: Analyzing
Section: Sleepless in America
Learning Outcome: 3a.1
64) Sleep deficiencies have been linked to increased alcohol abuse.
Skill: Understanding
Section: Sleepless in America
Learning Outcome: 3a.1
65) Lack of sleep can have a detrimental effect on academic performance.
Skill: Understanding
Section: Sleepless in America
Learning Outcome: 3a.1
66) A sleep-deprived driver is as impaired as an intoxicated driver.
Skill: Understanding
Section: The Importance of Sleep
Learning Outcome: 3a.2
67) Jet lag occurs because travelers take frequent naps while flying.
Skill: Understanding
Section: The Processes of Sleep
Learning Outcome: 3a.3
68) The majority of nighttime sleep is spent in REM sleep.
Skill: Remembering
Section: The Processes of Sleep
Learning Outcome: 3a.3
17
69) REM sleep restores the body.
Skill: Understanding
Section: The Processes of Sleep
Learning Outcome: 3a.3
70) During NREM sleep, body temperature and energy use drop.
Skill: Understanding
Section: The Processes of Sleep
Learning Outcome: 3a.3
71) The shortest stage of sleep is stage 2.
Skill: Remembering
Section: The Processes of Sleep
Learning Outcome: 3a.3
72) Some scientists believe that REM sleep enhances memorization and learning.
Skill: Understanding
Section: The Processes of Sleep
Learning Outcome: 3a.3
73) Most adults need only 5 to 6 hours of sleep per night, provided it is high-quality sleep.
Skill: Understanding
Section: The Processes of Sleep
Learning Outcome: 3a.3
74) Jane stayed up all night taking care of her sick child. She will need to sleep more than
average the next few nights to make up for the hours of lost sleep.
Skill: Applying
Section: The Processes of Sleep
Learning Outcome: 3a.3
18
75) Naps are most effective for improving alertness if they are longer than 30 minutes.
Skill: Understanding
Section: The Processes of Sleep
Learning Outcome: 3a.3
76) Ty works two jobs and attends college part-time. He averages 5 hours of sleep per night most
nights of the week. What are the health risks of his sleep deprivation?
Skill: Understanding
Section: The Importance of Sleep
Learning Outcome: 3a.2
77) Tracy pulls “all-nighters” during finals week. Explain why this could negatively impact her
grades.
Skill: Understanding
Section: The Importance of Sleep
Learning Outcome: 3a.2
78) Explain the four stages of NREM sleep.
Skill: Understanding
Section: The Processes of Sleep
Learning Outcome: 3a.3