79) Some product failures are a result of being brought to market without any research, which
increased the probability of failure.
80) Management information systems typically have subsystems to provide the information
necessary for a functional area within an organization. Such subsystems are the accounting
information system, financial information system, production information system, human
resources information system, and marketing information system.
81) A structure consisting of people, equipment, and procedures to gather, sort, analyze,
evaluate, and distribute needed, timely, and accurate information to marketing decision makers is
a marketing information system.
82) Internal information from orders, billing, receivables, inventory levels, stockouts, and so on
may be gathered by using a marketing intelligence system.
83) Information is gathered and analyzed by the five systems of the MIS: internal reports,
marketing intelligence, marketing decision support, information management, and marketing
research.