978-0134073545 Chapter 3 Part 3

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54) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: The Pacific Ring of Fire

is home to the majority of Earth’s active volcanoes and large earthquakes BECAUSE of the

prevalence of divergent plate boundaries along the Pacific Rim.

A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.

B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.

C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.

D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.

E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Section: 3.3 What Features Exist in the Deep-Ocean Basins?

Essent’l Concept: 3.3 Describe the sea floor features that exist in the deep-ocean basins

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

Global Sci Out: 2

55) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: There is no relative

motion across a transform fault BECAUSE the parts of the lithospheric plate cut by a transform

fault are moving in the same direction.

A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.

B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.

C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.

D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.

E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Section: 3.4 What Features Exist Along the Mid-Ocean Ridge?

Essent’l Concept: 3.4 Describe the sea floor features that exist along the mid-ocean ridge

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

Global Sci Out: 2

56) The first recorded attempt to measure the ocean’s depth was conducted using which of the

following techniques?

A) Magnetometer

B) Multibeam Sonar

C) Seismic Reflection

D) Side-scan Sonar

E) Sounding

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.1 What Techniques Are Used to Determine Ocean Bathymetry?

Essent’l Concept: 3.1 Discuss the techniques that are used to determine ocean bathymetry

57) Which of the following is the standard unit of ocean depth?

A) Mile

B) Fathom

C) Foot

D) Meter

E) League

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.1 What Techniques Are Used to Determine Ocean Bathymetry?

Essent’l Concept: 3.1 Discuss the techniques that are used to determine ocean bathymetry

58) Oceanographers who want to know about ocean structure beneath the sea floor use which of

the following techniques?

A) Magnetometer

B) Multibeam Sonar

C) Seismic Reflection

D) Side-scan Sonar

E) Sounding

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.1 What Techniques Are Used to Determine Ocean Bathymetry?

Essent’l Concept: 3.1 Discuss the techniques that are used to determine ocean bathymetry

59) Which of the following is an example of a passive continental margin?

A) East Coast of Japan

B) East Coast of the United States

C) West Coast of Chile

D) West Coast of Mexico

E) Southern Coast of Alaska

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.2 What Features Exist on Continental Margins?

Essent’l Concept: 3.2 Describe the sea floor features that exist on continental margins

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

60) Passive margins are usually produced over geologic time by which of the following?

A) Continental rifting and continued sea floor spreading

B) Hot spot volcanism forming a chain of islands and seamounts

C) Subduction of oceanic crust and submarine volcanic activity

D) The closing of an ancient sea to form a salt rich lake

E) Transform faulting along a continental margin or a mid-ocean ridge

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.2 What Features Exist on Continental Margins?

Essent’l Concept: 3.2 Describe the sea floor features that exist on continental margins

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

61) The average slope of the continental shelf is approximately ________.

A) a tenth of a degree

B) one-half to one degree

C) one to two degrees

D) two to five degrees

E) greater than five degrees

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.2 What Features Exist on Continental Margins?

Essent’l Concept: 3.2 Describe the sea floor features that exist on continental margins

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

62) The average slope of the continental shelf is similar to the slope of which of the following?

A) A beginners ski hill

B) A large parking lot

C) A soap box derby course

D) An Olympic toboggan track

E) The continental slope

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.2 What Features Exist on Continental Margins?

Essent’l Concept: 3.2 Describe the sea floor features that exist on continental margins

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

63) Where does the deep-ocean basin begin along a passive continental margin?

A) Abyssal plain

B) Continental rise

C) Continental shelf

D) Continental slope

E) Shoreline

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.2 What Features Exist on Continental Margins?

Essent’l Concept: 3.2 Describe the sea floor features that exist on continental margins

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

64) The relief in which of the following regions is similar to that found in mountain ranges on

the continents?

A) Abyssal plain

B) Continental rise

C) Continental shelf

D) Continental slope

E) Shoreline

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.2 What Features Exist on Continental Margins?

Essent’l Concept: 3.2 Describe the sea floor features that exist on continental margins

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

65) Which of the following best describes turbidity currents?

A) Metal-rich deposits that form on the flanks of submarine volcanoes

B) Muddy water brought to the ocean by rivers and streams to form a delta

C) Rift-valley sediments found within the depression at mid-ocean ridges

D) Turbid water that kills coral and other photosynthesizing creatures by blocking light

E) Underwater avalanches of muddy water mixed with rocks and other debris

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.2 What Features Exist on Continental Margins?

Essent’l Concept: 3.2 Describe the sea floor features that exist on continental margins

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

66) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Few abyssal plains are

located in the Pacific Ocean BECAUSE the deep-ocean trenches found on the convergent active

margins of the Pacific Ocean prevent sediment from moving past the continental slope.

A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.

B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.

C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.

D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.

E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Section: 3.3 What Features Exist in the Deep-Ocean Basins?

Essent’l Concept: 3.3 Describe the sea floor features that exist in the deep-ocean basins

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

Global Sci Out: 2

67) Deep-ocean trenches and volcanic arcs result from the collision of two plates at convergent

plate boundaries and mostly occur along the margins of which of the following oceans?

A) Pacific Ocean

B) Atlantic Ocean

C) Indian Ocean

D) Arctic Ocean

E) Southern Ocean

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.3 What Features Exist in the Deep-Ocean Basins?

Essent’l Concept: 3.3 Describe the sea floor features that exist in the deep-ocean basins

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

68) Which of the following is the predominant process that forms the thick blanket of sediment

on abyssal plains the deep-ocean floor?

A) Black smokers

B) Melting icebergs

C) Precipitation

D) Suspension settling

E) Undersea streams

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.3 What Features Exist in the Deep-Ocean Basins?

Essent’l Concept: 3.3 Describe the sea floor features that exist in the deep-ocean basins

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

69) How many volcanic peaks are known to exist on the Pacific sea floor?

A) < 5,000

B) 5,000 to 10,000

C) 10,000 to 15,000

D) 15,000 to 20,000

E) > 20,000

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.3 What Features Exist in the Deep-Ocean Basins?

Essent’l Concept: 3.3 Describe the sea floor features that exist in the deep-ocean basins

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

70) Tamu Massif, the largest single volcano on Earth occurs in which of the following oceans?

A) Pacific Ocean

B) Atlantic Ocean

C) Indian Ocean

D) Arctic Ocean

E) Southern Ocean

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.3 What Features Exist in the Deep-Ocean Basins?

Essent’l Concept: 3.3 Describe the sea floor features that exist in the deep-ocean basins

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

71) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Organisms found at mid-

ocean ridges are able to survive in the absence of sunlight BECAUSE the light generated by the

undersea lava flows is enough for photosynthesis to occur.

A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.

B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.

C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.

D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.

E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Section: 3.4 What Features Exist Along the Mid-Ocean Ridge?

Essent’l Concept: 3.4 Describe the sea floor features that exist along the mid-ocean ridge

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

Global Sci Out: 2

72) Which of the following is the predominant process that forms the metallic minerals in and

around black smokers?

A) Turbidity currents

B) Melting icebergs

C) Precipitation

D) Suspension settling

E) Undersea streams

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.4 What Features Exist Along the Mid-Ocean Ridge?

Essent’l Concept: 3.4 Describe the sea floor features that exist along the mid-ocean ridge

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

73) All true oceanic islands are ________ in origin.

A) collisional

B) erosional

C) metamorphic

D) sedimentary

E) volcanic

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.4 What Features Exist Along the Mid-Ocean Ridge?

Essent’l Concept: 3.4 Describe the sea floor features that exist along the mid-ocean ridge

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

74) Which part of Earth’s cumulative hypsographic curve includes the mid-ocean ridges?

A) The gentle slope above sea level

B) The long and flat part below sea level

C) The shallowest slope below sea level

D) The steep deepest part below sea level

E) The steep segment above sea level

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Section: 3.4 What Features Exist Along the Mid-Ocean Ridge?

Essent’l Concept: 3.4 Describe the sea floor features that exist along the mid-ocean ridge

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

Global Sci Out: 3

75) Which part of Earth’s cumulative hypsographic curve includes linear scars in the ocean floor,

caused by the collision of two plates along convergent plate margins?

A) The gentle slope above sea level

B) The long and flat part below sea level

C) The shallowest slope below sea level

D) The steep deepest part below sea level

E) The steep segment above sea level

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Section: 3.4 What Features Exist Along the Mid-Ocean Ridge?

Essent’l Concept: 3.4 Describe the sea floor features that exist along the mid-ocean ridge

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

Global Sci Out: 3

76) Which part of Earth’s cumulative hypsographic curve includes the continental shelves of

passive margins?

A) The gentle slope above sea level

B) The long and flat part below sea level

C) The shallowest slope below sea level

D) The steep deepest part below sea level

E) The steep segment above sea level

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Section: 3.4 What Features Exist Along the Mid-Ocean Ridge?

Essent’l Concept: 3.4 Describe the sea floor features that exist along the mid-ocean ridge

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

Global Sci Out: 3

77) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: The Earth’s longest

mountain chain called the mid-ocean ridge differs from mountain chains on land BECAUSE

along most of its crest it contains a central downdropped rift valley.

A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.

B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.

C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.

D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.

E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Section: 3.4 What Features Exist Along the Mid-Ocean Ridge?

Essent’l Concept: 3.4 Describe the sea floor features that exist along the mid-ocean ridge

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

Global Sci Out: 2

78) Where are the deepest portions of the world’s oceans found?

A) At convergent plate boundaries

B) At divergent plate boundaries

C) At submarine canyons

D) At the intraplate abyssal plains

E) At transform plate boundaries

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.3 What Features Exist in the Deep-Ocean Basins?

Essent’l Concept: 3.3 Describe the sea floor features that exist in the deep-ocean basins

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

79) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Few abyssal plains are

located in the Pacific Ocean BECAUSE turbidity currents only occur along passive continental

margins.

A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.

B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.

C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.

D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.

E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Section: 3.3 What Features Exist in the Deep-Ocean Basins?

Essent’l Concept: 3.3 Describe the sea floor features that exist in the deep-ocean basins

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

Global Sci Out: 2

80) The distinctive type of sedimentary layering that has largest particles on the bottom and

smallest particles on the top, with intermediate sized particles in the middle, is called which of

the following?

A) Graded Bedding

B) Nonconformities

C) Sandstone Layering

D) Suspension Deposits

E) Turbidity Currents

Answer: A

Diff: 2

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.2 What Features Exist on Continental Margins?

Essent’l Concept: 3.2 Describe the sea floor features that exist on continental margins

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

3.3 Essay Questions

1) Describe the relationship between turbidity currents and turbidite deposits.

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.2 What Features Exist on Continental Margins?

Essent’l Concept: 3.2 Describe the sea floor features that exist on continental margins

Global Sci Out: 8

2) Briefly describe the differences between abyssal hills (seaknolls), seamounts, and

tablemounts.

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.3 What Features Exist in the Deep-Ocean Basins?

Essent’l Concept: 3.3 Describe the sea floor features that exist in the deep-ocean basins

Global Sci Out: 8