978-0134073545 Chapter 3 Part 1

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Essentials of Oceanography, 12e (Trujillo)

Chapter 3 Marine Provinces

3.1 Matching Questions

Match the term with the appropriate phrase. Not all answers will be used.

A) a method of mapping the topography of the ocean floor along a strip up to 60 km wide

B) measurement of ocean depth and seafloor topography

C) used to determine ocean structure beneath the sea floor

D) cumulative plot of the frequency of depth or elevation

E) uses high frequency sound waves to measure ocean depth

1) bathymetry

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.1 What Techniques Are Used to Determine Ocean Bathymetry?

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.1 What Techniques Are Used to Determine Ocean Bathymetry?

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.2 What Features Exist on Continental Margins?

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.1 What Techniques Are Used to Determine Ocean Bathymetry?

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.1 What Techniques Are Used to Determine Ocean Bathymetry?

Essent’l Concept: 3.1 Discuss the techniques that are used to determine ocean bathymetry

Match the term with the appropriate phrase. Not all answers will be used.

A) deep linear scars in the deep-ocean floor caused by plate convergence

B) flat depositional areas that cover extensive portions of the deep-ocean basins

C) area extending for the shore to the deep ocean

D) narrow and deep valleys on continental slopes

E) a generally flat zone extending from the shore to the shelf break

6) ocean trench

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.3 What Features Exist in the Deep-Ocean Basins?

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.2 What Features Exist on Continental Margins?

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.2 What Features Exist on Continental Margins?

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.2 What Features Exist on Continental Margins?

3.2 Multiple Choice Questions

1) The instrument that emits a high-frequency sound beam to measure the depth of the ocean

developed in the 1950s is the ________.

A) GLORIA

B) precision-depth recorder (PDR)

C) Seabeam

D) SeaMARC

E) SeaWif

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.1 What Techniques Are Used to Determine Ocean Bathymetry?

Essent’l Concept: 3.1 Discuss the techniques that are used to determine ocean bathymetry

2) The method that is used most frequently to investigate sediment and rock layers of the sea

floor is ________.

A) direct observation

B) drilling

C) light waves

D) satellite observation

E) sound waves (specifically seismic reflecting profiling)

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.1 What Techniques Are Used to Determine Ocean Bathymetry?

Essent’l Concept: 3.1 Discuss the techniques that are used to determine ocean bathymetry

3) Satellites are used to map the ocean floor because ________.

A) they are affected by surface weather

B) they can’t cover areas where ships have not produced surveys

C) they can only “see” small areas of the seafloor at one time

D) the shape of the ocean surface reflects large features on the seafloor

E) they are inexpensive to build and launch

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.1 What Techniques Are Used to Determine Ocean Bathymetry?

Essent’l Concept: 3.1 Discuss the techniques that are used to determine ocean bathymetry

4) The two relatively flat areas on the hypsographic curve represent ________.

A) continental mountains and abyssal plains

B) continental mountains and mid-ocean ridges

C) continental slopes and deep-sea trenches

D) interior continental areas and abyssal plains on the ocean floor

E) interior continental areas and mid-ocean ridges

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.1 What Techniques Are Used to Determine Ocean Bathymetry?

Essent’l Concept: 3.1 Discuss the techniques that are used to determine ocean bathymetry

Global Sci Out: 3

5) The correct order of seafloor features from the coast to the mid-ocean ridge is ________.

A) abyssal plain, rise, slope, shelf

B) abyssal plain, shelf, slope, rise

C) rise, abyssal plain, slope, shelf

D) shelf, slope, rise, abyssal plain

E) slope, rise, shelf, abyssal plain

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.2 What Features Exist on Continental Margins?

Essent’l Concept: 3.2 Describe the sea floor features that exist on continental margins

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

6) Active continental margins are characterized by which of the following?

A) Broad continental shelves

B) Deep-sea trenches

C) Shallow coastal waters

D) No sediment accumulation

E) Sparse earthquake activity

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.2 What Features Exist on Continental Margins?

Essent’l Concept: 3.2 Describe the sea floor features that exist on continental margins

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

7) Characteristics of passive continental margins include which of the following?

A) Broad continental shelves

B) Chains of islands

C) Deep-sea trenches

D) Thin sediment accumulation

E) Volcanic and earthquake activity

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.2 What Features Exist on Continental Margins?

Essent’l Concept: 3.2 Describe the sea floor features that exist on continental margins

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

8) Which of the following features is related to transform faults along mid-ocean ridges?

A) Continental rise

B) Continental shelf

C) Continental slope

D) Fracture zone

E) Submarine canyon

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.2 What Features Exist on Continental Margins?

Essent’l Concept: 3.2 Describe the sea floor features that exist on continental margins

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

9) Directly seaward of the continental shelf is a more steeply sloping region called the ________.

A) abyssal plain

B) continental rise

C) continental slope

D) mid-ocean ridge

E) trench

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.2 What Features Exist on Continental Margins?

Essent’l Concept: 3.2 Describe the sea floor features that exist on continental margins

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

10) Underwater avalanches of muddy water mixed with rocks and debris are ________.

A) deep sea fans

B) graded bedding

C) turbidity currents

D) coral deposits

E) white smokers

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.2 What Features Exist on Continental Margins?

Essent’l Concept: 3.2 Describe the sea floor features that exist on continental margins

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

11) Submarine canyons were most likely formed by ________.

A) deposition of terrestrial sediment

B) earthquake activity

C) wind erosion in the past

D) erosion by turbidity currents

E) scouring by glaciers during the last ice age

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.2 What Features Exist on Continental Margins?

Essent’l Concept: 3.2 Describe the sea floor features that exist on continental margins

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

12) Extending from the base of the continental rises into the deep-ocean basins are flat

depositional surfaces called ________.

A) continental shelves

B) continental slopes

C) abyssal hills

D) tablemounts

E) abyssal plains

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.3 What Features Exist in the Deep-Ocean Basins?

Essent’l Concept: 3.3 Describe the sea floor features that exist in the deep-ocean basins

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

13) Relatively few abyssal plains are located in the Pacific Ocean due to ________.

A) its smaller size compared to other ocean basins

B) the presence of convergent active margins

C) the absence of convergent active margins

D) the presence of seamounts

E) its location in northern and southern hemispheres

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.3 What Features Exist in the Deep-Ocean Basins?

Essent’l Concept: 3.3 Describe the sea floor features that exist in the deep-ocean basins

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

14) Volcanic peaks on the deep-ocean floor with conical tops are called ________.

A) seamounts

B) tablemounts

C) submarine canyons

D) oceanic trenches

E) oceanic ridges

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.3 What Features Exist in the Deep-Ocean Basins?

Essent’l Concept: 3.3 Describe the sea floor features that exist in the deep-ocean basins

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

15) Volcanic features on the ocean floor that are less than 1,000 meters (0.6 miles) tall are called

________.

A) seamounts

B) tablemounts

C) abyssal hills

D) oceanic trenches

E) oceanic ridges

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.3 What Features Exist in the Deep-Ocean Basins?

Essent’l Concept: 3.3 Describe the sea floor features that exist in the deep-ocean basins

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

16) Along the margins of the Pacific are found most of Earth’s ________.

A) seamounts

B) tablemounts

C) abyssal hills

D) oceanic trenches

E) oceanic ridges

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.3 What Features Exist in the Deep-Ocean Basins?

Essent’l Concept: 3.3 Describe the sea floor features that exist in the deep-ocean basins

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

17) Older lithosphere is destroyed in association with ________.

A) deep-sea trenches

B) fracture zones

C) hydrothermal vents

D) mid-ocean ridges

E) spreading centers

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.3 What Features Exist in the Deep-Ocean Basins?

Essent’l Concept: 3.3 Describe the sea floor features that exist in the deep-ocean basins

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

18) Oceanic ridges and rises result from seafloor spreading along ________.

A) convergent plate boundaries

B) divergent plate boundaries

C) transform plate boundaries

D) convergent and divergent plate boundaries

E) convergent and transform plate boundaries

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.4 What Features Exist Along the Mid-Ocean Ridge?

Essent’l Concept: 3.4 Describe the sea floor features that exist along the mid-ocean ridge

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

19) New lithosphere is produced in association with ________.

A) deep-sea trenches

B) fracture zones

C) hydrothermal vents

D) oceanic ridges

E) transform faults

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.4 What Features Exist Along the Mid-Ocean Ridge?

Essent’l Concept: 3.4 Describe the sea floor features that exist along the mid-ocean ridge

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

20) Segments of the oceanic ridge system that are gentler and less rugged in slope due to faster

rates of seafloor spreading are called ________.

A) deep-sea trenches

B) fracture zones

C) oceanic rises

D) convergent plate boundaries

E) transform faults

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.4 What Features Exist Along the Mid-Ocean Ridge?

Essent’l Concept: 3.4 Describe the sea floor features that exist along the mid-ocean ridge

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

21) Warm-water (From 30°C to 350°C) hydrothermal vents form ________.

A) abyssal hills

B) black smokers

C) cold seeps

D) turbidity currents

E) white smokers

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.4 What Features Exist Along the Mid-Ocean Ridge?

Essent’l Concept: 3.4 Describe the sea floor features that exist along the mid-ocean ridge

22) The direction of motion along a seafloor transform fault is ________.

A) associated with turbidity currents

B) in the same direction as the plates are spreading

C) in the same direction as the ridge offset

D) influenced by underwater boundary currents

E) perpendicular to the direction of plate movement

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.4 What Features Exist Along the Mid-Ocean Ridge?

Essent’l Concept: 3.4 Describe the sea floor features that exist along the mid-ocean ridge

23) With respect to mid-ocean ridges, transform faults are ________.

A) associated with hydrothermal vents

B) located in submarine canyons

C) parallel to the rift valley

D) perpendicular to the ridge axis

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 3.4 What Features Exist Along the Mid-Ocean Ridge?

Essent’l Concept: 3.4 Describe the sea floor features that exist along the mid-ocean ridge

24) Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of

words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.

A) Global positioning system (GPS)

B) GLORIA

C) Precision depth recorder (PDR)

D) SeaBeam

E) Sea MARC

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Section: 3.1 What Techniques Are Used to Determine Ocean Bathymetry?

Essent’l Concept: 3.1 Discuss the techniques that are used to determine ocean bathymetry

Global Sci Out: 2