Essentials of Oceanography, 12e (Trujillo)
Chapter 2 Plate Tectonics and the Ocean Floor
2.1 Matching Questions
Match the term with the appropriate phrase. Not all answers will be used.
A) subduction zone
B) Pangaea
C) Panthalassia
D) paleomagnetism
E) rift valley
1) ancient precursor of the Pacific Ocean
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 2.2 What Evidence Supports Plate Tectonics?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 2.1 What Evidence Supports Continental Drift?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 2.2 What Evidence Supports Plate Tectonics?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 2.2 What Evidence Supports Plate Tectonics?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 2.2 What Evidence Supports Plate Tectonics?
Essent’l Concept: 2.2 Summarize the evidence that supports plate tectonics
Global Sci Out: 7
1
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 2.3 What Features Occur at Plate Boundaries?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 2.2 What Evidence Supports Plate Tectonics?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 2.2 What Evidence Supports Plate Tectonics?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 2.2 What Evidence Supports Plate Tectonics?
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2.2 Multiple Choice Questions
1) The first person to advance the idea of mobile continents or continental drift was ________.
A) Harry Hess
B) Frederick Vine
C) Alfred Wegener
D) Drummond Matthews
E) John Tuzo Wilson
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 2.1 What Evidence Supports Continental Drift?
Essent’l Concept: 2.1 Evaluate the evidence that supports continental drift
2) Which of the following was not used as evidence for continental drift?
A) The fit of the continents
B) Matching sequences of rocks
C) Past glacial activity
D) The distribution of organisms
E) Paleomagnetic reversals
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 2.1 What Evidence Supports Continental Drift?
Essent’l Concept: 2.1 Evaluate the evidence that supports continental drift
3) Fossils of ancient polar plants are currently found near the equator because the ________.
A) entire earth had polar conditions at the time the plants were living
B) plants lived near the poles, but landmasses have drifted to current locations
C) plants probably were tolerant of both tropical and polar conditions
D) plants were distributed to current locations by ancient glacial ice sheets
E) poles were at the equator at times in the geologic past
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 2.1 What Evidence Supports Continental Drift?
Essent’l Concept: 2.1 Evaluate the evidence that supports continental drift
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4) All continents fit together with the least number of overlaps and gaps when the continents are
matched along ________.
A) edges at around 2,000 meters depth
B) current shorelines
C) the edge of the continental shelf
D) edges of the deep sea floor
E) oceanic trenches in subduction zones
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 2.1 What Evidence Supports Continental Drift?
Essent’l Concept: 2.1 Evaluate the evidence that supports continental drift
5) Climate distribution on Earth is primarily controlled by ________.
A) Earth’s geologic history
B) latitude
C) longitude
D) presence or absence of glacial debris
E) plants and animals that live in an area
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 2.1 What Evidence Supports Continental Drift?
Essent’l Concept: 2.1 Evaluate the evidence that supports continental drift
6) Wegener used which of the following to provide evidence for continental drift?
A) Earthquake distribution
B) Magnetic pole reversals
C) Locations of active volcanoes
D) Seafloor magnetic patterns
E) Shape of continental margins
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 2.1 What Evidence Supports Continental Drift?
Essent’l Concept: 2.1 Evaluate the evidence that supports continental drift
4
7) The book The History of Ocean Basins, which contained the idea of seafloor spreading, was
written by geologist ________.
A) Harry Hess
B) Frederick Vine
C) Alfred Wegener
D) Drummond Matthews
E) John Tuzo Wilson
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 2.2 What Evidence Supports Plate Tectonics?
Essent’l Concept: 2.2 Summarize the evidence that supports plate tectonics
Global Sci Out: 7
8) Frederick Vine and Drummond Matthews determined that new ocean floor was being
produced at ocean ridges by examining ________.
A) apparent polar wandering
B) fossils in marine sediments
C) glacial debris at various locations
D) the location of ancient coral reefs
E) the magnetic pattern of rocks on the seafloor
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 2.2 What Evidence Supports Plate Tectonics?
Essent’l Concept: 2.2 Summarize the evidence that supports plate tectonics
Global Sci Out: 7
9) The seafloor magnetic pattern is best described as ________.
A) not related to the location of mid-ocean ridges
B) parallel to and symmetric about mid-ocean ridges
C) parallel to, but not symmetric about mid-ocean ridges
D) perpendicular to and symmetric about mid-ocean ridges
E) perpendicular to, but not symmetric about mid-ocean ridges
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 2.2 What Evidence Supports Plate Tectonics?
Essent’l Concept: 2.2 Summarize the evidence that supports plate tectonics
Global Sci Out: 7
5
10) Which of the following statements is TRUE of the lithosphere?
A) The lithosphere is composed only of outer mantle material.
B) The lithosphere is composed only of igneous rock.
C) The lithosphere is composed only of metamorphic rock.
D) The lithosphere is composed of the crust and the uppermost portion of the mantle.
E) The lithosphere is composed of the inner portion of the mantle and the outer core.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 2.2 What Evidence Supports Plate Tectonics?
Essent’l Concept: 2.2 Summarize the evidence that supports plate tectonics
Global Sci Out: 7
11) Tectonic plates are pieces of the ________ that float on the more fluid ________ below.
A) crust; lithosphere
B) asthenosphere; lithosphere
C) lithosphere; asthenosphere
D) mantle; crust
E) lithosphere; mesosphere
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 2.2 What Evidence Supports Plate Tectonics?
Essent’l Concept: 2.2 Summarize the evidence that supports plate tectonics
Global Sci Out: 7
12) Moving from an oceanic ridge to an oceanic trench, the thickness of the lithosphere
________.
A) decreases in proportion to the distance
B) is unrelated to the distance from the ridge
C) increases in proportion to the distance
D) randomly varies
E) remains the same
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 2.2 What Evidence Supports Plate Tectonics?
Essent’l Concept: 2.2 Summarize the evidence that supports plate tectonics
Global Sci Out: 7
6
13) The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is an example of a ________.
A) convergent plate boundary (continent-continent)
B) convergent plate boundary (continent-oceanic)
C) convergent plate boundary (oceanic-oceanic)
D) divergent plate boundary
E) transform fault boundary
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 2.3 What Features Occur at Plate Boundaries?
Essent’l Concept: 2.3 Discuss the origin and characteristics of features that occur at plate
boundaries
14) Deep ocean trenches are associated with ________.
A) rift valleys
B) subduction zones
C) submarine canyons
D) transform faults
E) turbidity currents
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 2.3 What Features Occur at Plate Boundaries?
Essent’l Concept: 2.3 Discuss the origin and characteristics of features that occur at plate
boundaries
15) Which of the following is characteristic of oceanic-continental convergent plate boundaries?
A) Andesitic volcanoes
B) Fracture zones
C) Hot spots
D) Mid-ocean ridges
E) Volcanic island arcs
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 2.3 What Features Occur at Plate Boundaries?
Essent’l Concept: 2.3 Discuss the origin and characteristics of features that occur at plate
boundaries
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16) Which of the following is characteristic of oceanic-oceanic convergent plate boundaries?
A) Fracture zones
B) Hot spots
C) Mid-ocean ridges
D) Volcanic island arcs
E) Shallow earthquakes
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 2.3 What Features Occur at Plate Boundaries?
Essent’l Concept: 2.3 Discuss the origin and characteristics of features that occur at plate
boundaries
17) Which of the following is characteristic of continental-continental convergent plate
boundaries?
A) Hot spots
B) Uplifted mountain ranges
C) Mid-ocean ridges
D) Volcanic island arcs
E) Fracture zones
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 2.3 What Features Occur at Plate Boundaries?
Essent’l Concept: 2.3 Discuss the origin and characteristics of features that occur at plate
boundaries
18) The San Andreas Fault ________.
A) is a continental transform fault
B) is an oceanic transform fault
C) is associated with deep focus earthquakes
D) is located in the Juan de Fuca Plate
E) is associated with volcanic activity
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 2.3 What Features Occur at Plate Boundaries?
Essent’l Concept: 2.3 Discuss the origin and characteristics of features that occur at plate
boundaries
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19) The Hawaiian Islands are located where the Pacific plate is ________.
A) being subducted beneath the North American plate
B) being subducted beneath Japan
C) being thrust over the North American plate
D) being thrust under Japan
E) moving over a hot spot or mantle plume
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 2.4 Testing the Model: What Are Some Applications of Plate Tectonics?
Essent’l Concept: 2.4 Show how plate tectonics can be used as a working model
20) Large volcanoes on the seafloor that are cone-shaped on top because they never reached sea
level are called ________.
A) hotspots
B) tablemounts
C) seamounts
D) guyots
E) mantle plumes
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 2.4 Testing the Model: What Are Some Applications of Plate Tectonics?
Essent’l Concept: 2.4 Show how plate tectonics can be used as a working model
21) Volcanoes on the seafloor that are flat-topped because of wave erosion are called ________.
A) hotspots
B) tablemounts
C) seamounts
D) abyssal hills
E) mantle plumes
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 2.4 Testing the Model: What Are Some Applications of Plate Tectonics?
Essent’l Concept: 2.4 Show how plate tectonics can be used as a working model
9
22) Coral reefs ________.
A) are most common in deep and cold sub-tropical basins
B) can be found at latitudes above 60°
C) form when underwater volcanoes are thrust upward during a tectonic event
D) include atolls, barrier, and fringing reefs
E) were first described by Christopher Columbus during his voyage to Hispaniola
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 2.4 Testing the Model: What Are Some Applications of Plate Tectonics?
Essent’l Concept: 2.4 Show how plate tectonics can be used as a working model
23) The first scientist to propose the origin of coral reefs based upon subsidence (sinking) of
volcanic islands was ________.
A) Harry Hess
B) Charles Darwin
C) Alfred Wegener
D) Drummond Matthews
E) John Tuzo Wilson
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 2.4 Testing the Model: What Are Some Applications of Plate Tectonics?
Essent’l Concept: 2.4 Show how plate tectonics can be used as a working model
24) Coral reefs that initially develop along the margin of an island or continent where
environmental conditions are suitable are called ________.
A) fringing reefs
B) barrier reefs
C) atolls
D) patch reefs
E) basaltic reefs
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 2.4 Testing the Model: What Are Some Applications of Plate Tectonics?
Essent’l Concept: 2.4 Show how plate tectonics can be used as a working model
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