24) Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of
words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
A) Anthropogenic carbon dioxide inputs
B) Changes in solar input
C) Tectonic plate movement
D) Variation in the Earth’s orbit
E) Volcanic activity
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 16.2 Earth’s Recent Climate Change: Is It Natural or Caused by Human Influence?
Essent’l Concept: 16.2 Examine the evidence that shows how Earth’s recent climate change is
caused by human activities, not a natural cycle
25) Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of
words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
A) CH4 (methane)
B) CO2 (carbon dioxide)
C) N2 (molecular nitrogen)
D) N2O (nitrous oxide)
E) O3 (ozone)
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 16.3 What Causes the Atmosphere’s Greenhouse Effect?
Essent’l Concept: 16.3 Demonstrate an understanding of how the atmosphere’s greenhouse effect
works
OSLP: 6 The ocean and humans are inextricably interconnected.
26) Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of
words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
A) Antarctic and Greenland ice sheet melting
B) Deep ocean water thermal expansion
C) Melting of terrestrial glaciers and ice caps
D) Surface ocean water thermal expansion
E) Tectonic uplifting
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 16.4 What Changes Are Occurring in the Oceans as a Result of Global Warming?
Essent’l Concept: 16.4 Specify the changes that are occurring in the oceans as a result of global
warming
11
27) Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of
words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
A) Changes in deep water circulation
B) Decreased hurricane intensity
C) Increased ocean acidity
D) Polar ice melting
E) Sea level rise
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 16.4 What Changes Are Occurring in the Oceans as a Result of Global Warming?
Essent’l Concept: 16.4 Specify the changes that are occurring in the oceans as a result of global
warming
28) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Recent climate change
observed on Earth must be a natural event BECAUSE Earth’s climate has fluctuated in the past.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 16.1 What Comprises Earth’s Climate System?
Essent’l Concept: 16.1 Specify the components of Earth’s climate system
OSLP: 3 The ocean is a major influence on weather and climate.
29) Numerous climate science studies suggest that ________ are the cause of the recent
documented changes in Earth’s climate.
A) human activities
B) lunar cycles
C) natural variability
D) solar variability
E) sunspot cycles
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 16.1 What Comprises Earth’s Climate System?
Essent’l Concept: 16.1 Specify the components of Earth’s climate system
OSLP: 3 The ocean is a major influence on weather and climate.
12
30) The most massive part of Earth’s climate system belongs to the ________.
A) atmosphere
B) biosphere
C) cryosphere
D) geosphere
E) hydrosphere
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 16.1 What Comprises Earth’s Climate System?
Essent’l Concept: 16.1 Specify the components of Earth’s climate system
OSLP: 3 The ocean is a major influence on weather and climate.
31) Which of the following is not considered paleoclimatological proxy data?
A) Cave deposits
B) Fossil pollen
C) Reversed magnetic polarity
D) Sea floor sediments
E) Tree-growth rings
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 16.1 What Comprises Earth’s Climate System?
Essent’l Concept: 16.1 Specify the components of Earth’s climate system
OSLP: 3 The ocean is a major influence on weather and climate.
32) Which of the following is considered paleoclimatological proxy data?
A) Air samples collected in Hawaii
B) Present day coral bleaching
C) Reversed magnetic polarity
D) Trapped air bubbles in glacial ice
E) Variations in Earth’s orbit
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 16.1 What Comprises Earth’s Climate System?
Essent’l Concept: 16.1 Specify the components of Earth’s climate system
OSLP: 3 The ocean is a major influence on weather and climate.
13
33) Which of the following is a natural factor that doesn’t affect Earth’s climate?
A) Changes in solar energy
B) Reversed magnetic polarity
C) Tectonic plate movement
D) Variations in Earth’s orbit
E) Volcanic eruptions
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 16.2 Earth’s Recent Climate Change: Is It Natural or Caused by Human Influence?
Essent’l Concept: 16.2 Examine the evidence that shows how Earth’s recent climate change is
caused by human activities, not a natural cycle
OSLP: 3 The ocean is a major influence on weather and climate.; 6 The ocean and humans are
inextricably interconnected.
34) The opening of Drake Passage about 41 million years ago caused a fundamental
reorganization of ocean currents leading to the isolation of ________, which caused it to become
much cooler.
A) Africa
B) Antarctica
C) Asia
D) Australia
E) South America
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 16.2 Earth’s Recent Climate Change: Is It Natural or Caused by Human Influence?
Essent’l Concept: 16.2 Examine the evidence that shows how Earth’s recent climate change is
caused by human activities, not a natural cycle
OSLP: 3 The ocean is a major influence on weather and climate.; 6 The ocean and humans are
inextricably interconnected.
35) The rate of plate movement is only a few ________ per year so climate changes triggered by
shifting plates happen on a scale of millions of years.
A) centimeters
B) decimeters
C) feet
D) meters
E) millimeters
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 16.2 Earth’s Recent Climate Change: Is It Natural or Caused by Human Influence?
Essent’l Concept: 16.2 Examine the evidence that shows how Earth’s recent climate change is
caused by human activities, not a natural cycle
OSLP: 3 The ocean is a major influence on weather and climate.; 6 The ocean and humans are
inextricably interconnected.
14
36) Which of the following is the only viable explanation for the documented and observable
recent climate changes, including the increased average temperature of Earth’s surface?
A) Changes in the Sun’s brightness
B) Major volcanic eruptions
C) Release of human-caused emissions
D) Reversed magnetic polarity
E) Variations in Earth’s orbit
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 16.2 Earth’s Recent Climate Change: Is It Natural or Caused by Human Influence?
Essent’l Concept: 16.2 Examine the evidence that shows how Earth’s recent climate change is
caused by human activities, not a natural cycle
OSLP: 3 The ocean is a major influence on weather and climate.; 6 The ocean and humans are
inextricably interconnected.
37) Which of the following statements about human-caused climate change is correct?
A) Scientific consensus about human-caused climate change was only established in the past five
years.
B) Social acceptance of human-caused climate change by the U.S. general public lags far behind
scientists.
C) Stolen e-mails from researchers at the University of East Anglia proved that climate change is
an elaborate hoax invented by climate scientists.
D) The most highly trained experts in climate science have the most disagreement that human
activities are causing the recent changes in Earth’s climate.
E) The vast majority of scientists do not accept human-caused climate change.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 16.2 Earth’s Recent Climate Change: Is It Natural or Caused by Human Influence?
Essent’l Concept: 16.2 Examine the evidence that shows how Earth’s recent climate change is
caused by human activities, not a natural cycle
OSLP: 3 The ocean is a major influence on weather and climate.; 6 The ocean and humans are
inextricably interconnected.
15
38) Which of the following statements about human-caused climate change is correct?
A) Scientific consensus about human-caused climate change was only established in the past five
years.
B) Stolen e-mails from researchers at the University of East Anglia proved that climate change is
an elaborate hoax invented by climate scientists.
C) The existing scientific disagreements about human-caused climate change are about specific
future impacts and consequences.
D) The most highly trained experts in climate science have the most disagreement that human
activities are causing the recent changes in Earth’s climate.
E) There is disagreement among scientists about the reality of human-caused climate change.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 16.2 Earth’s Recent Climate Change: Is It Natural or Caused by Human Influence?
Essent’l Concept: 16.2 Examine the evidence that shows how Earth’s recent climate change is
caused by human activities, not a natural cycle
OSLP: 3 The ocean is a major influence on weather and climate.; 6 The ocean and humans are
inextricably interconnected.
39) The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has issued which of the following
statements?
A) Climate change models can mimic present-day conditions only if human emissions are taken
into account.
B) Human climate alterations have not yet produced significant impacts on biological systems.
C) Ocean acidification is not a problem because the ocean does not absorb carbon dioxide gas.
D) Recent regional climate changes have not yet affected physical systems on Earth.
E) The temperature increases observed since the mid-20th century are very likely due to natural
causes.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 16.2 Earth’s Recent Climate Change: Is It Natural or Caused by Human Influence?
Essent’l Concept: 16.2 Examine the evidence that shows how Earth’s recent climate change is
caused by human activities, not a natural cycle
OSLP: 3 The ocean is a major influence on weather and climate.; 6 The ocean and humans are
inextricably interconnected.
16
40) Most of the Sun’s energy that reaches Earth’s surface is in and near the ________ portion of
the spectrum.
A) cosmic
B) infrared
C) microwave
D) ultraviolet
E) visible
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 16.3 What Causes the Atmosphere’s Greenhouse Effect?
Essent’l Concept: 16.3 Demonstrate an understanding of how the atmosphere’s greenhouse effect
works
OSLP: 6 The ocean and humans are inextricably interconnected.
41) Shortwave sunlight passes through Earth’s atmosphere, where it strikes the surface and is
converted into longer-wavelength ________ radiation.
A) cosmic
B) infrared
C) microwave
D) ultraviolet
E) visible
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 16.3 What Causes the Atmosphere’s Greenhouse Effect?
Essent’l Concept: 16.3 Demonstrate an understanding of how the atmosphere’s greenhouse effect
works
OSLP: 6 The ocean and humans are inextricably interconnected.
42) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: The greenhouse effect is
not a natural process that influences the temperature of Earth’s surface and atmosphere
BECAUSE it is now being altered by human emissions.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 16.3 What Causes the Atmosphere’s Greenhouse Effect?
Essent’l Concept: 16.3 Demonstrate an understanding of how the atmosphere’s greenhouse effect
works
17
43) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: The greenhouse effect
gets its name BECAUSE it keeps Earth’s surface and lower atmosphere warm in a way similar to
a greenhouse that keeps plants warm enough to grow, regardless of outside conditions.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 16.3 What Causes the Atmosphere’s Greenhouse Effect?
Essent’l Concept: 16.3 Demonstrate an understanding of how the atmosphere’s greenhouse effect
works
OSLP: 6 The ocean and humans are inextricably interconnected.
44) What percentage of the Sun’s energy that reaches Earth’s surface is absorbed by ocean and
land?
A) 6
B) 19
C) 23
D) 30
E) 47
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 16.3 What Causes the Atmosphere’s Greenhouse Effect?
Essent’l Concept: 16.3 Demonstrate an understanding of how the atmosphere’s greenhouse effect
works
OSLP: 6 The ocean and humans are inextricably interconnected.
45) What percentage of the Sun’s energy that reaches Earth’s surface is absorbed in the
atmosphere?
A) 6
B) 19
C) 23
D) 30
E) 47
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 16.3 What Causes the Atmosphere’s Greenhouse Effect?
Essent’l Concept: 16.3 Demonstrate an understanding of how the atmosphere’s greenhouse effect
works
OSLP: 6 The ocean and humans are inextricably interconnected.
18
46) What percentage of the Sun’s energy that reaches Earth’s surface is absorbed by clouds?
A) 4
B) 6
C) 19
D) 23
E) 30
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 16.3 What Causes the Atmosphere’s Greenhouse Effect?
Essent’l Concept: 16.3 Demonstrate an understanding of how the atmosphere’s greenhouse effect
works
OSLP: 6 The ocean and humans are inextricably interconnected.
47) What percentage of the Sun’s energy that reaches Earth is reflected back into space?
A) 4
B) 6
C) 23
D) 30
E) 47
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 16.3 What Causes the Atmosphere’s Greenhouse Effect?
Essent’l Concept: 16.3 Demonstrate an understanding of how the atmosphere’s greenhouse effect
works
OSLP: 6 The ocean and humans are inextricably interconnected.
48) What percentage of the Sun’s energy that reaches Earth’s surface is reflected back into space?
A) 4
B) 6
C) 19
D) 23
E) 30
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 16.3 What Causes the Atmosphere’s Greenhouse Effect?
Essent’l Concept: 16.3 Demonstrate an understanding of how the atmosphere’s greenhouse effect
works
OSLP: 6 The ocean and humans are inextricably interconnected.
19
49) What percentage of the Sun’s energy that reaches Earth’s surface is reflected by clouds back
into space?
A) 6
B) 17
C) 23
D) 30
E) 47
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 16.3 What Causes the Atmosphere’s Greenhouse Effect?
Essent’l Concept: 16.3 Demonstrate an understanding of how the atmosphere’s greenhouse effect
works
OSLP: 6 The ocean and humans are inextricably interconnected.
50) Which of the following is the key to understanding how the greenhouse effect works?
A) How currents are created in the oceans?
B) How plants produce carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water?
C) The change of wavelengths from visible to infrared
D) The difference between surface waters and deep waters
E) The ocean readily absorbs carbon dioxide gas
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 16.3 What Causes the Atmosphere’s Greenhouse Effect?
Essent’l Concept: 16.3 Demonstrate an understanding of how the atmosphere’s greenhouse effect
works
OSLP: 6 The ocean and humans are inextricably interconnected.
51) Which of the following contributes the most to the greenhouse effect?
A) Carbon dioxide (CO2)
B) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
C) Methane (CH4)
D) Nitrous oxide (N2O)
E) Water vapor
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 16.3 What Causes the Atmosphere’s Greenhouse Effect?
Essent’l Concept: 16.3 Demonstrate an understanding of how the atmosphere’s greenhouse effect
works
OSLP: 6 The ocean and humans are inextricably interconnected.
20