82) In hydrothermal vent ecosystems, tubeworms and giant ________ depend entirely on sulfur–
oxidizing archaea that live symbiotically within their tissues.
A) clams
B) corals
C) crabs
D) lobsters
E) mussels
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.4 What Communities Exist on the Deep-Ocean Floor?
Essent’l Concept: 15.4 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the deep-ocean
floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
83) Symbiotic archaea that live inside tubeworms can use two different methods to metabolize
________ and can switch back and forth to accommodate fast-changing environmental
conditions.
A) arsenic
B) cadmium
C) carbon dioxide
D) hydrogen sulfide
E) sulfuric acid
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.4 What Communities Exist on the Deep-Ocean Floor?
Essent’l Concept: 15.4 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the deep-ocean
floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
84) Chemosynthetic bacteria do not form the base of the food web at which of the following
biocommunities?
A) Cold water reefs
B) Hypersaline seeps
C) Hydrocarbon seeps
D) Hydrothermal vents
E) Subduction zone seeps
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.4 What Communities Exist on the Deep-Ocean Floor?
Essent’l Concept: 15.4 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the deep-ocean
floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
31
85) Which of the following hydrothermal vent fields emits fluids at a much lower temperature
compared to typical black smokers?
A) Coaxial
B) Guaymas Basin
C) Lost City
D) Lucky Strike
E) Tubeworm Barbeque
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.4 What Communities Exist on the Deep-Ocean Floor?
Essent’l Concept: 15.4 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the deep-ocean
floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
86) Which of the following hydrothermal vent fields emits fluids at much greater pH compared
to typical black smokers?
A) Coaxial
B) Guaymas Basin
C) Lost City
D) Lucky Strike
E) Tubeworm Barbeque
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.4 What Communities Exist on the Deep-Ocean Floor?
Essent’l Concept: 15.4 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the deep-ocean
floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
87) Which of the following hydrothermal vent fields builds chimneys of calcium carbonate,
instead of the metal sulfides found at typical black smokers?
A) Coaxial
B) Guaymas Basin
C) Lost City
D) Lucky Strike
E) Tubeworm Barbeque
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.4 What Communities Exist on the Deep-Ocean Floor?
Essent’l Concept: 15.4 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the deep-ocean
floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
32
88) Which of the following hydrothermal vent fields releases methane and hydrogen into the
surrounding water instead of hydrogen sulfide and dissolved metals from typical black smokers?
A) Coaxial
B) Guaymas Basin
C) Lost City
D) Lucky Strike
E) Tubeworm Barbeque
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.4 What Communities Exist on the Deep-Ocean Floor?
Essent’l Concept: 15.4 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the deep-ocean
floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
89) Which of the following hydrothermal vent fields is thought to be driven by serpentinization?
A) Coaxial
B) Guaymas Basin
C) Lost City
D) Lucky Strike
E) Tubeworm Barbeque
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.4 What Communities Exist on the Deep-Ocean Floor?
Essent’l Concept: 15.4 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the deep-ocean
floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
90) Giant tubeworms dominate at hydrothermal vents in which of the following oceans?
A) Arctic
B) Atlantic
C) Caribbean
D) Indian
E) Pacific
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.4 What Communities Exist on the Deep-Ocean Floor?
Essent’l Concept: 15.4 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the deep-ocean
floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
33
91) Scientists have proposed that which of the following deep ocean processes may hold part of
the answer to the question of whether life on Earth emerged from the deep sea?
A) Acidification
B) Oxidation
C) Photosynthesis
D) Sedimentation
E) Serpentinization
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.4 What Communities Exist on the Deep-Ocean Floor?
Essent’l Concept: 15.4 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the deep-ocean
floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
92) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Scientists have proposed
that serpentinization could have fueled Earth’s first life BECAUSE it occurs across large areas
and can be sustained for long periods of geologic time.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 15.4 What Communities Exist on the Deep-Ocean Floor?
Essent’l Concept: 15.4 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the deep-ocean
floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
93) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Great abundances of
benthic life are found beneath areas of high primary productivity BECAUSE life on the ocean
floor mostly depends on the productivity of the ocean’s surface waters.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 15.1 What Communities Exist Along Rocky Shores?
Essent’l Concept: 15.1 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist along rocky shores
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
34
94) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Compared to the high
tide zone, more types of marine algae and soft-bodied animals can live in the middle tide zone
BECAUSE seawater constantly bathes the middle tide zone.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 15.1 What Communities Exist Along Rocky Shores?
Essent’l Concept: 15.1 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist along rocky shores
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
95) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: The low tide zone
typically has an abundance of algae BECAUSE it is almost always submerged.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 15.1 What Communities Exist Along Rocky Shores?
Essent’l Concept: 15.1 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist along rocky shores
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
96) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Attempts to limit crown-
of-thorns sea star damage to the Great Barrier Reef made the problem worse BECAUSE divers
smashed the crown-of-thorns, which then regenerated new individuals from various body parts.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 15.3 What Communities Exist on the Shallow Offshore Ocean Floor?
Essent’l Concept: 15.3 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the shallow
offshore ocean floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
35
97) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Warmer-than-normal sea
surface temperatures stress corals BECAUSE they cannot survive for long when the water
temperature exceeds 20° Celsius.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 15.3 What Communities Exist on the Shallow Offshore Ocean Floor?
Essent’l Concept: 15.3 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the shallow
offshore ocean floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
98) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: The greatest depth to
which active shallow-water coral growth can occur is about 50 meters BECAUSE algae need
sunlight for photosynthesis.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 15.3 What Communities Exist on the Shallow Offshore Ocean Floor?
Essent’l Concept: 15.3 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the shallow
offshore ocean floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
99) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Delicate plate corals can
live on the deeper outer slope of the reef BECAUSE light intensity is as low as 4% of the surface
intensity.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 15.3 What Communities Exist on the Shallow Offshore Ocean Floor?
Essent’l Concept: 15.3 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the shallow
offshore ocean floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
36
100) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Coral bleaching causes
coral to turn white BECAUSE bleach has been poured on the reef.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 15.3 What Communities Exist on the Shallow Offshore Ocean Floor?
Essent’l Concept: 15.3 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the shallow
offshore ocean floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
101) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: The correlation between
coral bleaching and water temperature doesn’t concern marine scientists BECAUSE sea surface
temperatures are becoming cooler as a result of global cooling.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 15.3 What Communities Exist on the Shallow Offshore Ocean Floor?
Essent’l Concept: 15.3 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the shallow
offshore ocean floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
102) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: The hydrothermal vents
in the deep ocean are called black smokers BECAUSE they release the same gasses as factory
smokestacks.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 15.4 What Communities Exist on the Deep-Ocean Floor?
Essent’l Concept: 15.4 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the deep-ocean
floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
37
103) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Buckshot barnacles
cannot survive above the high tide shoreline BECAUSE they filter-feed from seawater.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 15.1 What Communities Exist Along Rocky Shores?
Essent’l Concept: 15.1 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist along rocky shores
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
104) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Buckshot barnacles
cannot survive above the high tide shoreline BECAUSE they have a protective shell.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 15.1 What Communities Exist Along Rocky Shores?
Essent’l Concept: 15.1 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist along rocky shores
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
105) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Buckshot barnacles
cannot survive above the high tide shoreline BECAUSE they don’t have a protective shell.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 15.1 What Communities Exist Along Rocky Shores?
Essent’l Concept: 15.1 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist along rocky shores
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
38
106) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Buckshot barnacles can
survive above the high tide shoreline BECAUSE they have a protective shell.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 15.1 What Communities Exist Along Rocky Shores?
Essent’l Concept: 15.1 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist along rocky shores
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
107) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Buckshot barnacles can
survive above the high tide shoreline BECAUSE their larval form is benthic.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 15.1 What Communities Exist Along Rocky Shores?
Essent’l Concept: 15.1 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist along rocky shores
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
108) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Coral are not usually
found close to areas where major rivers drain into the sea BECAUSE they require low turbidity
and salt water.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 15.3 What Communities Exist on the Shallow Offshore Ocean Floor?
Essent’l Concept: 15.3 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the shallow
offshore ocean floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
39
109) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Coral are not usually
found close to areas where major rivers drain into the sea BECAUSE they require warm water.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 15.3 What Communities Exist on the Shallow Offshore Ocean Floor?
Essent’l Concept: 15.3 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the shallow
offshore ocean floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
110) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Coral are not usually
found close to areas where major rivers drain into the sea BECAUSE they require high turbidity
and fresh water.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 15.3 What Communities Exist on the Shallow Offshore Ocean Floor?
Essent’l Concept: 15.3 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the shallow
offshore ocean floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
111) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Coral are usually found
close to areas where major rivers drain into the sea BECAUSE they require low turbidity and salt
water.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 15.3 What Communities Exist on the Shallow Offshore Ocean Floor?
Essent’l Concept: 15.3 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the shallow
offshore ocean floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
40