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52) The diversity pattern of reef-building coral observed in today's oceans is related to which of
the following?
A) Increased nutrients provided by upwelling
B) The distance from Earth to the Sun
C) The El Nino Southern Oscillation
D) The mass extinction that killed the dinosaurs
E) The past positions of the continents
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.3 What Communities Exist on the Shallow Offshore Ocean Floor?
Essent'l Concept: 15.3 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the shallow
offshore ocean floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
53) Deep-water corals lack the ________ that their shallow-water cousins have.
A) bright coloration
B) calcium carbonate skeletons
C) large reef structures
D) stinging tentacles
E) symbiotic zooxanthellae algae
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.3 What Communities Exist on the Shallow Offshore Ocean Floor?
Essent'l Concept: 15.3 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the shallow
offshore ocean floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
54) Which of the following environmental conditions is not necessary for coral growth?
A) A hard substrate
B) High turbidity
C) Salt water
D) Strong sunlight
E) Wave or current action
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.3 What Communities Exist on the Shallow Offshore Ocean Floor?
Essent'l Concept: 15.3 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the shallow
offshore ocean floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
21
55) The zooxanthellae that live within the coral's tissues is a type of ________.
A) copepod
B) dinoflagellate
C) foraminifera
D) ostracod
E) radiolarian
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.3 What Communities Exist on the Shallow Offshore Ocean Floor?
Essent'l Concept: 15.3 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the shallow
offshore ocean floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
56) Most reef-building corals receive about ________ of their nutrition from symbiotic
zooxanthellae algae.
A) 50%
B) 60%
C) 70%
D) 80%
E) 90%
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.3 What Communities Exist on the Shallow Offshore Ocean Floor?
Essent'l Concept: 15.3 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the shallow
offshore ocean floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
57) Which of the following vertical zones of a large coral reef has light intensity of about 4% of
the surface intensity?
A) From a few centimeters to a few meters
B) From a few meters to 20 meters
C) From 20 meters to 50 meters
D) From 50 meters to 150 meters
E) Below 150 meters
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.3 What Communities Exist on the Shallow Offshore Ocean Floor?
Essent'l Concept: 15.3 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the shallow
offshore ocean floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
22
58) Which of the following vertical zones of a large coral reef has light intensity of about 20% of
the surface intensity?
A) From a few centimeters to a few meters
B) From a few meters to 20 meters
C) From 20 meters to 50 meters
D) From 50 meters to 150 meters
E) Below 150 meters
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.3 What Communities Exist on the Shallow Offshore Ocean Floor?
Essent'l Concept: 15.3 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the shallow
offshore ocean floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
59) Which of the following vertical zones of a large coral reef has light intensity of about 60% of
the surface intensity?
A) From a few centimeters to a few meters
B) From a few meters to 20 meters
C) From 20 meters to 50 meters
D) From 50 meters to 150 meters
E) Below 150 meters
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.3 What Communities Exist on the Shallow Offshore Ocean Floor?
Essent'l Concept: 15.3 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the shallow
offshore ocean floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
60) Which of the following statements regarding the benefits coral reefs provide to people is
correct?
A) Coral reef tourism provides some countries with over 50% of their gross national product.
B) About 300 million people worldwide depend on healthy reef systems.
C) Fisheries associated with coral reefs supply more than one fourth of all fish from the sea.
D) Coral reefs protect coasts from volcanoes, storm waves and tsunami.
E) Coral reefs contain about twice as much algal biomass as animal biomass.
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.3 What Communities Exist on the Shallow Offshore Ocean Floor?
Essent'l Concept: 15.3 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the shallow
offshore ocean floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
23
61) Coral reefs contain about ________ as much algal biomass as animal biomass.
A) four times
B) half
C) one fourth
D) three times
E) twice
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.3 What Communities Exist on the Shallow Offshore Ocean Floor?
Essent'l Concept: 15.3 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the shallow
offshore ocean floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
62) Coral reefs cover less than ________ of the ocean's surface area but they are home to
________ of all marine species.
A) 0.5%; 25%
B) 1.0%; 25%
C) 0.5%; 33%
D) 1.0%; 33%
E) 1.0%; 50%
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.3 What Communities Exist on the Shallow Offshore Ocean Floor?
Essent'l Concept: 15.3 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the shallow
offshore ocean floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
63) The crown-of-thorns sea star destroys coral reefs by ________.
A) covering the coral with sediment
B) depleting dissolved oxygen
C) eating the coral polyps
D) excreting waste on the coral
E) releasing toxins that kill zooxanthellae
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.3 What Communities Exist on the Shallow Offshore Ocean Floor?
Essent'l Concept: 15.3 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the shallow
offshore ocean floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
24
64) Coral bleaching often occurs in response to ________.
A) depleted oxygen
B) elevated temperatures
C) high turbidity
D) influx of freshwater
E) predator attacks
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.3 What Communities Exist on the Shallow Offshore Ocean Floor?
Essent'l Concept: 15.3 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the shallow
offshore ocean floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
65) Coral bleaching often occurs in response to ________.
A) decreased sunlight
B) elevated temperatures
C) high turbidity
D) increased nutrients
E) influx of freshwater
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.3 What Communities Exist on the Shallow Offshore Ocean Floor?
Essent'l Concept: 15.3 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the shallow
offshore ocean floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
66) The coral in the Florida Keys is currently not suffering from which of the following?
A) Black band
B) Gas bubble
C) Rapid wasting
D) White plague
E) Yellow blotch
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.3 What Communities Exist on the Shallow Offshore Ocean Floor?
Essent'l Concept: 15.3 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the shallow
offshore ocean floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
25
67) Increased human populations near coral reefs increases the nutrient levels of the reef waters
from ________ and farm fertilizers.
A) bioerosion
B) fishing
C) mining
D) sediment
E) sewage
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.3 What Communities Exist on the Shallow Offshore Ocean Floor?
Essent'l Concept: 15.3 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the shallow
offshore ocean floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
68) The most serious threat to coral reefs are ________.
A) floods
B) humans
C) hurricanes
D) sea stars
E) tsunami
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.3 What Communities Exist on the Shallow Offshore Ocean Floor?
Essent'l Concept: 15.3 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the shallow
offshore ocean floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
69) Which of the following human threats to the ocean has resulted in algae smothering the
reefs?
A) Acidification
B) Aquaculture
C) Increased ocean warming
D) Overfishing
E) Sea level rise
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.3 What Communities Exist on the Shallow Offshore Ocean Floor?
Essent'l Concept: 15.3 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the shallow
offshore ocean floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
26
70) Which of the following human threats to the ocean has resulted in making it more difficult
for corals to build skeletons?
A) Acidification
B) Aquaculture
C) Increased ocean warming
D) Overfishing
E) Sea level rise
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.3 What Communities Exist on the Shallow Offshore Ocean Floor?
Essent'l Concept: 15.3 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the shallow
offshore ocean floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
71) Which of the following human threats to the ocean may wreak havoc on corals by reducing
the amount of sunlight they receive?
A) Acidification
B) Aquaculture
C) Increased ocean warming
D) Overfishing
E) Sea level rise
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.3 What Communities Exist on the Shallow Offshore Ocean Floor?
Essent'l Concept: 15.3 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the shallow
offshore ocean floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
72) Which of the following statements about the physical environment of the deep-ocean is
incorrect?
A) Below 1500 meters, light is present but in low concentrations.
B) Oxygen content at the deep-ocean floor is constant and relatively high.
C) The physical environment is comparable to that at the surface.
D) The physical environment is quite unstable and high variable.
E) The temperature rarely exceeds 0°C at the deep-ocean floor.
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.4 What Communities Exist on the Deep-Ocean Floor?
Essent'l Concept: 15.4 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the deep-ocean
floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
27
73) The water pressure at the mid-ocean ridges exceeds ________ times greater than atmospheric
pressure at sea level.
A) 100
B) 200
C) 300
D) 400
E) 500 or more
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.4 What Communities Exist on the Deep-Ocean Floor?
Essent'l Concept: 15.4 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the deep-ocean
floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
74) The water pressure in the deepest trenches exceeds ________ times greater than atmospheric
pressure at sea level.
A) 1000
B) 2000
C) 3000
D) 4000
E) 5000 or more
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.4 What Communities Exist on the Deep-Ocean Floor?
Essent'l Concept: 15.4 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the deep-ocean
floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
75) The water pressure at the mid-ocean ridges exceeds ________ times greater than atmospheric
pressure at sea level.
A) 100-300
B) 300-500
C) 500-700
D) 700-900
E) 1000 or more
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.4 What Communities Exist on the Deep-Ocean Floor?
Essent'l Concept: 15.4 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the deep-ocean
floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
28
76) In the deep ocean, mud like clay deposits are found on the ________.
A) abyssal plains and in deep trenches
B) continental rise
C) continental shelf
D) flanks of oceanic ridges and rises
E) steep areas of the continental slope
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.4 What Communities Exist on the Deep-Ocean Floor?
Essent'l Concept: 15.4 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the deep-ocean
floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
77) In the deep ocean, oozes made of dead planktonic organisms are found on the ________.
A) abyssal plains and in deep trenches
B) continental rise
C) continental shelf
D) flanks of oceanic ridges and rises
E) steep areas of the continental slope
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.4 What Communities Exist on the Deep-Ocean Floor?
Essent'l Concept: 15.4 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the deep-ocean
floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
78) In the deep ocean, coarse sediments from nearby land sources are found on the ________.
A) abyssal plains and in deep trenches
B) continental rise
C) continental shelf
D) flanks of oceanic ridges and rises
E) steep areas of the continental slope
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.4 What Communities Exist on the Deep-Ocean Floor?
Essent'l Concept: 15.4 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the deep-ocean
floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
29
79) Biocommunities at active hydrothermal vents had up to one ________ times more biomass
than the rest of the deep-ocean floor.
A) fifty
B) hundred
C) million
D) thousand
E) twenty
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.4 What Communities Exist on the Deep-Ocean Floor?
Essent'l Concept: 15.4 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the deep-ocean
floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
80) Which of the following are not a species found in hydrothermal vent biocommunities?
A) Clams
B) Corals
C) Mussels
D) Tubeworms
E) White crabs
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.4 What Communities Exist on the Deep-Ocean Floor?
Essent'l Concept: 15.4 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the deep-ocean
floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
81) The most important members of hydrothermal vent biocommunities are microscopic
________.
A) Archaea
B) Bacteria
C) Ediacaria
D) Eukarya
E) Zooxanthellae
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 15.4 What Communities Exist on the Deep-Ocean Floor?
Essent'l Concept: 15.4 Specify characteristics of the communities that exist on the deep-ocean
floor
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
30
