140) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Usually a parasite does
not rob enough energy to kill the host BECAUSE if the host dies, the parasite can just swim
away.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 14.3 What Adaptations Do Pelagic Organisms Possess to Avoid Being Prey?
Essent’l Concept: 14.3 Specify adaptations that pelagic organisms possess for avoiding being
prey
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
141) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Usually a parasite robs
enough energy to kill the host BECAUSE if the host dies, so does the parasite.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 14.3 What Adaptations Do Pelagic Organisms Possess to Avoid Being Prey?
Essent’l Concept: 14.3 Specify adaptations that pelagic organisms possess for avoiding being
prey
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
142) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Usually a parasite robs
enough energy to kill the host BECAUSE if the host dies, the parasite can just swim away.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 14.3 What Adaptations Do Pelagic Organisms Possess to Avoid Being Prey?
Essent’l Concept: 14.3 Specify adaptations that pelagic organisms possess for avoiding being
prey
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
51
143) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Cetaceans are able to
swim fast BECAUSE their muscles are a great deal more powerful than other mammals.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 14.4 What Characteristics Do Marine Mammals Possess?
Essent’l Concept: 14.4 Differentiate between the main groups of marine mammals based on their
physical characteristics
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
144) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Cetaceans are able to
swim fast BECAUSE they reduce frictional drag around their bodies with a specialized skin
structure.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 14.4 What Characteristics Do Marine Mammals Possess?
Essent’l Concept: 14.4 Differentiate between the main groups of marine mammals based on their
physical characteristics
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
145) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Baleen whales are
generally much larger than toothed whales BECAUSE they eat lower on the food web.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 14.4 What Characteristics Do Marine Mammals Possess?
Essent’l Concept: 14.4 Differentiate between the main groups of marine mammals based on their
physical characteristics
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
52
146) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Vast populations of
phytoplankton and zooplankton are referred to as schools BECAUSE they form well-defined
social groupings that move in the same direction and are evenly spaced.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 14.3 What Adaptations Do Pelagic Organisms Possess to Avoid Being Prey?
Essent’l Concept: 14.3 Specify adaptations that pelagic organisms possess for avoiding being
prey
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
147) Which of the following is the most important function of schooling in small fish?
A) Aggressive species can’t chase away the whole school
B) Invade the territory of larger species
C) Male fertilization of eggs released into the water
D) Moving in the same direction
E) Protection from predators
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 14.3 What Adaptations Do Pelagic Organisms Possess to Avoid Being Prey?
Essent’l Concept: 14.3 Specify adaptations that pelagic organisms possess for avoiding being
prey
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
148) A remora attaching itself to a shark to obtain food and transportation without harming its
host is an example of which of the following types of symbiotic relationship?
A) Commensalism
B) Mutualism
C) Naturalism
D) Parallelism
E) Parasitism
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 14.3 What Adaptations Do Pelagic Organisms Possess to Avoid Being Prey?
Essent’l Concept: 14.3 Specify adaptations that pelagic organisms possess for avoiding being
prey
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
53
149) The stinging tentacles of a sea anemone protecting a clown fish which chases away any fish
that tries to feed on the anemone is an example of which of the following types of symbiotic
relationship?
A) Commensalism
B) Mutualism
C) Naturalism
D) Parallelism
E) Parasitism
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 14.3 What Adaptations Do Pelagic Organisms Possess to Avoid Being Prey?
Essent’l Concept: 14.3 Specify adaptations that pelagic organisms possess for avoiding being
prey
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
150) An isopods attaching itself to a fish and derive its nutrition from the body fluids of the fish,
robbing it of some of its energy supply, is an example of which of the following types of
symbiotic relationship?
A) Commensalism
B) Mutualism
C) Naturalism
D) Parallelism
E) Parasitism
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 14.3 What Adaptations Do Pelagic Organisms Possess to Avoid Being Prey?
Essent’l Concept: 14.3 Specify adaptations that pelagic organisms possess for avoiding being
prey
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
151) The migration of which of the following baleen whales is the best-studied?
A) Blue whale
B) Gray whale
C) Humpback whale
D) Minke whale
E) Rorqual whale
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 14.5 An Example of Migration: Why Do Gray Whales Migrate?
Essent’l Concept: 14.5 Demonstrate an understanding of why gray whales migrate
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
54
152) Gray whales feed primarily on sea floor organisms in ________ in the ________.
A) cold high-latitude waters; summer
B) cold high-latitude waters; winter
C) mild mid-latitude waters; spring
D) tropical lagoons; summer
E) tropical lagoons; winter
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 14.5 An Example of Migration: Why Do Gray Whales Migrate?
Essent’l Concept: 14.5 Demonstrate an understanding of why gray whales migrate
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
153) Gray whales breed and give birth in ________ in the ________.
A) cold high-latitude waters; summer
B) cold high-latitude waters; winter
C) mild mid-latitude waters; spring
D) tropical lagoons; summer
E) tropical lagoons; winter
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 14.5 An Example of Migration: Why Do Gray Whales Migrate?
Essent’l Concept: 14.5 Demonstrate an understanding of why gray whales migrate
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
154) Which of the following statements of the Pacific Coast Feeding Group is correct?
A) Their newborn calves are born along the Pacific coast from Washington to California.
B) They cannot survive in cold water and live year round in southern California.
C) They do not migrate at all because they don’t store enough fat to survive the migration.
D) They feed primarily in cold high-latitude waters in the coastal Arctic Ocean.
E) They spend the summer along the Pacific coast from Canada to northern California.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 14.5 An Example of Migration: Why Do Gray Whales Migrate?
Essent’l Concept: 14.5 Demonstrate an understanding of why gray whales migrate
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
55
155) Gray whales begin to migrate south when ________.
A) breeding has concluded
B) killer whales start to attack
C) pack ice begins to form
D) the calves are nursing
E) the first calves are born
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 14.5 An Example of Migration: Why Do Gray Whales Migrate?
Essent’l Concept: 14.5 Demonstrate an understanding of why gray whales migrate
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
156) Which of the following Gray whales are the first to migrate south?
A) Immature females
B) Immature males
C) Mature males
D) Non-pregnant mature females
E) Pregnant females
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 14.5 An Example of Migration: Why Do Gray Whales Migrate?
Essent’l Concept: 14.5 Demonstrate an understanding of why gray whales migrate
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
157) Which of the following Gray whales are the last to migrate south?
A) Immature females
B) Immature males
C) Mature males
D) Non-pregnant mature females
E) Pregnant females
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 14.5 An Example of Migration: Why Do Gray Whales Migrate?
Essent’l Concept: 14.5 Demonstrate an understanding of why gray whales migrate
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
56
158) Which of the following Gray whales are the last to migrate north?
A) Immature females
B) Immature males
C) Mature males
D) Nursing females
E) Non-pregnant mature females
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 14.5 An Example of Migration: Why Do Gray Whales Migrate?
Essent’l Concept: 14.5 Demonstrate an understanding of why gray whales migrate
14.3 Essay Questions
1) Distinguish between poikilotherms and homeotherms and give an example of each.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 14.2 What Adaptations Do Pelagic Organisms Possess for Seeking Prey?
Essent’l Concept: 14.2 Specify adaptations that pelagic organisms possess for seeking prey
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 8
2) Discuss why schooling behavior is adaptive to fishes.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 14.3 What Adaptations Do Pelagic Organisms Possess to Avoid Being Prey?
Essent’l Concept: 14.3 Specify adaptations that pelagic organisms possess for avoiding being
prey
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 8
57
3) Define symbiosis and compare and contrast the different types of symbiotic relationships and
give an example of each.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 14.3 What Adaptations Do Pelagic Organisms Possess to Avoid Being Prey?
Essent’l Concept: 14.3 Specify adaptations that pelagic organisms possess for avoiding being
prey
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 8
4) Briefly describe some of the differences between cetaceans of the Suborder Odontoceti
(toothed whales) with those of the Suborder Mysticeti (baleen whales).
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 14.4 What Characteristics Do Marine Mammals Possess?
Essent’l Concept: 14.4 Differentiate between the main groups of marine mammals based on their
physical characteristics
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 8
58
5) Why did the International Whaling Commission (IWC) invoke a ban on commercial whaling?
What three ways exist to legally hunt whales and which countries are involved?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 14.5 An Example of Migration: Why Do Gray Whales Migrate?
Essent’l Concept: 14.5 Demonstrate an understanding of why gray whales migrate
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 8
6) Discuss the adaptations used by marine organisms to prevent sinking.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 14.1 How Are Marine Organisms Able to Stay Above the Ocean Floor?
Essent’l Concept: 14.1 Compare the various methods by which marine organisms are able to
avoid sinking through the water column
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 8
59
7) Compare and contrast adaptations of fishes and marine mammals to life in the pelagic
environment.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 14.2 What Adaptations Do Pelagic Organisms Possess for Seeking Prey?
Essent’l Concept: 14.2 Specify adaptations that pelagic organisms possess for seeking prey
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 8
8) Describe the most common tail fin modifications and discuss the swimming styles associated
with each fin modification.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 14.2 What Adaptations Do Pelagic Organisms Possess for Seeking Prey?
Essent’l Concept: 14.2 Specify adaptations that pelagic organisms possess for seeking prey
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 8
60