127) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Nutrient availability is a
more important factor than solar radiation affecting the distribution of life in the oceans
BECAUSE photosynthesis is the foundation of most of the oceanic food web.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 13.1 What Is Primary Productivity?
Essent’l Concept: 13.1 Demonstrate an understanding of the mechanisms that control marine
primary productivity
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
128) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Coastal waters and
upwelling areas are almost always yellow-green in color BECAUSE they contain large amounts
of microscopic marine algae and suspended particles.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 13.1 What Is Primary Productivity?
Essent’l Concept: 13.1 Demonstrate an understanding of the mechanisms that control marine
primary productivity
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
51
129) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Coastal waters and
upwelling areas are almost always blue in color BECAUSE they contain large amounts of
microscopic marine algae and suspended particles.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 13.1 What Is Primary Productivity?
Essent’l Concept: 13.1 Demonstrate an understanding of the mechanisms that control marine
primary productivity
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
130) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: The open ocean is
almost always blue in color BECAUSE they contain large amounts of microscopic marine algae
and suspended particles.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 13.1 What Is Primary Productivity?
Essent’l Concept: 13.1 Demonstrate an understanding of the mechanisms that control marine
primary productivity
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
52
131) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Areas that have the
greatest biomass have the lowest water temperatures BECAUSE cold water contains higher
amounts of nutrients than warm water.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 13.1 What Is Primary Productivity?
Essent’l Concept: 13.1 Demonstrate an understanding of the mechanisms that control marine
primary productivity
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
132) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Areas that have the
greatest biomass have the highest water temperatures BECAUSE cold water contains higher
amounts of nutrients than warm water.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 13.1 What Is Primary Productivity?
Essent’l Concept: 13.1 Demonstrate an understanding of the mechanisms that control marine
primary productivity
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
53
133) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Areas that have the
greatest biomass have the lowest water temperatures BECAUSE warm water contains higher
amounts of nutrients than cold water.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 13.1 What Is Primary Productivity?
Essent’l Concept: 13.1 Demonstrate an understanding of the mechanisms that control marine
primary productivity
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
134) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Areas that have the
greatest biomass have the highest water temperatures BECAUSE warm water contains higher
amounts of nutrients than cold water.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 13.1 What Is Primary Productivity?
Essent’l Concept: 13.1 Demonstrate an understanding of the mechanisms that control marine
primary productivity
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
54
135) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Areas that have the
greatest biomass have the lowest water temperatures BECAUSE cold water occurs at higher
latitudes than warm water.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Answer: B
Diff: 4
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 13.1 What Is Primary Productivity?
Essent’l Concept: 13.1 Demonstrate an understanding of the mechanisms that control marine
primary productivity
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
55
Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
13.3 Essay Questions
1) Why are upwelling zones generally more productive than coastal oceans?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 13.1 What Is Primary Productivity?
Essent’l Concept: 13.1 Demonstrate an understanding of the mechanisms that control marine
primary productivity
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
2) Why do algal blooms frequently occur during spring and fall in temperate oceans?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 13.3 How Does Regional Primary Productivity Vary?
Essent’l Concept: 13.3 Explain variations in regional oceanic primary productivity
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
3) Discuss the formation of the Gulf of Mexico dead zone. Why does this area form in the
warmer months of the year?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 13.3 How Does Regional Primary Productivity Vary?
Essent’l Concept: 13.3 Explain variations in regional oceanic primary productivity
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
56
4) Distinguish between eutrophic and oligotrophic oceans. Where would you expect to find
eutrophic areas in the ocean? Oligotrophic areas?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 13.1 What Is Primary Productivity?
Essent’l Concept: 13.1 Demonstrate an understanding of the mechanisms that control marine
primary productivity
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
57
5) List the major taxonomic groups of marine primary producers and give an example of each.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 13.2 What Kinds of Photosynthetic Marine Organisms Exist?
Essent’l Concept: 13.2 Describe various kinds of photosynthetic marine organisms
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
58
6) Tropical oceans are generally characterized by low net primary productivity. What are three
environments that are exceptions to this and what factors contribute to their higher productivity?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 13.3 How Does Regional Primary Productivity Vary?
Essent’l Concept: 13.3 Explain variations in regional oceanic primary productivity
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
7) Briefly describe the feeding strategies employed by marine organisms including suspension
feeding (filter feeding), deposit feeding, and carnivorous feeding.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 13.4 How Are Energy and Nutrients Passed Along in Marine Ecosystems?
Essent’l Concept: 13.4 Discuss how energy and nutrients are passed along in marine ecosystems
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
59
8) How can overfishing of target species lead to significant changes in marine ecosystems?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 13.5 What Issues Affect Marine Fisheries?
Essent’l Concept: 13.5 Evaluate several issues that affect marine fisheries
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
60