978-0134073545 Chapter 12 Part 6

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127) Animals that live in the abyssopelagic and ________ zones feed mostly upon one another.

A) bathypelagic

B) epipelagic

C) euphotic

D) mesopelagic

E) nektopelagic

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 12.5 What Are the Main Divisions of the Marine Environment?

Essent’l Concept: 12.5 Compare the main divisions of the marine environment

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

Global Sci Out: 7

128) The ________ is covered with water only during periods of extremely high tides and when

tsunami or large storm waves break on the shore.

A) bathyal

B) littoral

C) sublittoral

D) subneritic

E) supralittoral

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 12.5 What Are the Main Divisions of the Marine Environment?

Essent’l Concept: 12.5 Compare the main divisions of the marine environment

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

Global Sci Out: 7

129) The ________ province extends from the spring high tide shoreline to a depth of 200

meters.

A) bathyal

B) littoral

C) sublittoral

D) subneritic

E) supralittoral

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 12.5 What Are the Main Divisions of the Marine Environment?

Essent’l Concept: 12.5 Compare the main divisions of the marine environment

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

Global Sci Out: 7

130) The ________ province approximately encompasses the continental shelf.

A) bathyal

B) littoral

C) sublittoral

D) subneritic

E) supralittoral

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 12.5 What Are the Main Divisions of the Marine Environment?

Essent’l Concept: 12.5 Compare the main divisions of the marine environment

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

Global Sci Out: 7

131) The zone between high and low tides coincides with the ________ zone.

A) abyssal

B) bathyal

C) hadal

D) littoral

E) subneritic

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 12.5 What Are the Main Divisions of the Marine Environment?

Essent’l Concept: 12.5 Compare the main divisions of the marine environment

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

Global Sci Out: 7

132) The ________ zone is also known as the shallow subtidal zone.

A) bathyal

B) littoral

C) sublittoral

D) subneritic

E) supralittoral

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 12.5 What Are the Main Divisions of the Marine Environment?

Essent’l Concept: 12.5 Compare the main divisions of the marine environment

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

Global Sci Out: 7

133) The inner ________ zone extends to the depth at which marine algae no longer grow

attached to the ocean bottom.

A) bathyal

B) littoral

C) sublittoral

D) subneritic

E) supralittoral

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 12.5 What Are the Main Divisions of the Marine Environment?

Essent’l Concept: 12.5 Compare the main divisions of the marine environment

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

Global Sci Out: 7

134) The ________ zone extends from a depth of 200 to 4000 meters.

A) abyssal

B) bathyal

C) hadal

D) littoral

E) subneritic

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 12.5 What Are the Main Divisions of the Marine Environment?

Essent’l Concept: 12.5 Compare the main divisions of the marine environment

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

Global Sci Out: 7

135) The ________ zone corresponds generally to the continental slope.

A) abyssal

B) bathyal

C) hadal

D) littoral

E) subneritic

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 12.5 What Are the Main Divisions of the Marine Environment?

Essent’l Concept: 12.5 Compare the main divisions of the marine environment

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

Global Sci Out: 7

136) The ________ zone includes more than 80% of the benthic environment.

A) abyssal

B) bathyal

C) hadal

D) littoral

E) subneritic

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 12.5 What Are the Main Divisions of the Marine Environment?

Essent’l Concept: 12.5 Compare the main divisions of the marine environment

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

Global Sci Out: 7

137) The ocean floor of the ________ zone is covered by soft oceanic sediment, primarily clay.

A) abyssal

B) bathyal

C) hadal

D) littoral

E) subneritic

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 12.5 What Are the Main Divisions of the Marine Environment?

Essent’l Concept: 12.5 Compare the main divisions of the marine environment

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

Global Sci Out: 7

138) The ________ zone consists only of deep trenches along the margins of continents.

A) abyssal

B) bathyal

C) hadal

D) littoral

E) subneritic

Answer: C

Diff: 2

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 12.5 What Are the Main Divisions of the Marine Environment?

Essent’l Concept: 12.5 Compare the main divisions of the marine environment

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

Global Sci Out: 7

12.3 Essay Questions

1) List the three major domains of life and the five kingdoms of organisms, along with a brief

description of the fundamental criteria used in assigning organisms to these divisions.

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 12.1 What Are Living Things, and How Are They Classified?

Essent’l Concept: 12.1 Discuss the characteristics of life and how living things are classified

OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.

Global Sci Out: 7

2) Distinguish between plankton, nekton, and benthos and give an example of each.

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 12.2 How Are Marine Organisms Classified?

Essent’l Concept: 12.2 Demonstrate an understanding of how marine organisms are classified

OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.

Global Sci Out: 7

3) Discuss why marine phytoplankton are generally smaller and more ornate than their

freshwater counterparts.

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Section: 12.4 How Are Marine Organisms Adapted to the Physical Conditions of the Ocean?

Essent’l Concept: 12.4 Explain how marine organisms are adapted for the physical conditions of

the ocean

OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.

Global Sci Out: 7

4) Discuss osmotic balance in freshwater and saltwater fishes.

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 12.4 How Are Marine Organisms Adapted to the Physical Conditions of the Ocean?

Essent’l Concept: 12.4 Explain how marine organisms are adapted for the physical conditions of

the ocean

OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.

Global Sci Out: 7

5) Compare and contrast the ways marine organisms are classified including: by mode of

nutrition, location in the marine environment where they live, and size.

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 12.2 How Are Marine Organisms Classified?

Essent’l Concept: 12.2 Demonstrate an understanding of how marine organisms are classified

OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.

Global Sci Out: 7

6) Explain why the majority of marine organisms are benthic.

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 12.3 How Many Marine Species Exist?

Essent’l Concept: 12.3 Specify the number of marine species that exist

OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.

Global Sci Out: 7

7) Compare and contrast warm and cold water marine species in terms of life span, body size,

and relative abundance.

1) Floating organisms are physically smaller in warm waters than in colder waters. Small

organisms expose more surface area per unit of body mass, which helps them maintain their

position in the lower viscosity and density of warm seawater more easily.

2) Warm-water species often have ornate plumage to increase surface area, which is strikingly

absent in the larger cold-water species.

3) Warmer temperatures increase the rate of biological activity, which more than doubles with an

increase of 10°C (18°F). Tropical organisms apparently grow faster, have a shorter life

expectancy, and reproduce earlier and more frequently than those in colder water.

4) There are more species in warm waters, but the total biomass of plankton in colder, high-

latitude waters greatly exceeds that of the warmer tropics. Note that the high biomass of plankton

in high-latitude regions is not directly caused by temperature and viscosity; it is only that these

conditions are associated with the upwelling of nutrients, which in turn supports a vast biomass

of phytoplankton.

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 12.4 How Are Marine Organisms Adapted to the Physical Conditions of the Ocean?

8) Define the terms hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic and discuss their relationship to osmotic

pressure.

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 12.4 How Are Marine Organisms Adapted to the Physical Conditions of the Ocean?

Essent’l Concept: 12.4 Explain how marine organisms are adapted for the physical conditions of

the ocean

OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.

Global Sci Out: 7

9) Draw and label a cross-section of the marine environment and include the following biozones:

the neritic province (supralittoral, littoral, sublittoral, bathyal, abyssal, and hadal zones) and the

oceanic province (epipelagic, mesopelagic, bathypelagic, and abyssopelagic zones).

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Section: 12.5 What Are the Main Divisions of the Marine Environment?

Essent’l Concept: 12.5 Compare the main divisions of the marine environment

OSLP: 1 The Earth has one big ocean with many features.

Global Sci Out: 7