79) Ninety eight percent of marine species belong to which of the following?
A) Benthos
B) Fungi
C) Nekton
D) Plankton
E) Plantae
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 12.2 How Are Marine Organisms Classified?
Essent’l Concept: 12.2 Demonstrate an understanding of how marine organisms are classified
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
80) Which of the following terms describes organisms living on the surface of the sea floor
attached to rocks?
A) Benthonektos
B) Epifauna
C) Infauna
D) Nektobenthos
E) Planktofauna
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 12.2 How Are Marine Organisms Classified?
Essent’l Concept: 12.2 Demonstrate an understanding of how marine organisms are classified
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
81) Which of the following terms describes organisms living on the surface of the sea floor
moving along the bottom?
A) Benthonektos
B) Epifauna
C) Infauna
D) Nektobenthos
E) Planktofauna
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 12.2 How Are Marine Organisms Classified?
Essent’l Concept: 12.2 Demonstrate an understanding of how marine organisms are classified
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
31
82) Which of the following terms describes organisms living buried in the sand, shells, or mud?
A) Benthonektos
B) Epifauna
C) Infauna
D) Nektobenthos
E) Planktofauna
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 12.2 How Are Marine Organisms Classified?
Essent’l Concept: 12.2 Demonstrate an understanding of how marine organisms are classified
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
83) Which of the following terms describes organisms that live on the bottom yet also have the
ability to swim or crawl through the water above the ocean floor?
A) Benthonektos
B) Epifauna
C) Infauna
D) Nektobenthos
E) Planktofauna
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 12.2 How Are Marine Organisms Classified?
Essent’l Concept: 12.2 Demonstrate an understanding of how marine organisms are classified
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
84) Octopuses, crabs, and sea urchins are classified as which of the following?
A) Benthonektos
B) Epifauna
C) Infauna
D) Nektobenthos
E) Planktofauna
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 12.2 How Are Marine Organisms Classified?
Essent’l Concept: 12.2 Demonstrate an understanding of how marine organisms are classified
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
32
85) Overall, as many as two ________ new marine and terrestrial species are discovered each
year.
A) dozen
B) hundred
C) million
D) score
E) thousand
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 12.3 How Many Marine Species Exist?
Essent’l Concept: 12.3 Specify the number of marine species that exist
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
86) The total number of cataloged species on Earth in both marine and terrestrial environments is
currently 1.8 ________.
A) thousand
B) million
C) billion
D) trillion
E) quadrillion
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 12.3 How Many Marine Species Exist?
Essent’l Concept: 12.3 Specify the number of marine species that exist
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
87) The most likely total number of species on Earth is estimated to be between ________.
A) 6 and 12 million
B) 12 and 40 million
C) 100 and 200 million
D) 600 and 900 million
E) 1 and 2 billion
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 12.3 How Many Marine Species Exist?
Essent’l Concept: 12.3 Specify the number of marine species that exist
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
33
88) The most recent international project to assess the diversity, distribution, and abundance of
marine life was called which of the following?
A) Census of Marine Life
B) History of Marine Animal Populations
C) International Census of Marine Microbes
D) Systematic Census of the Ocean
E) The Ocean Biogeographic Information System
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 12.3 How Many Marine Species Exist?
Essent’l Concept: 12.3 Specify the number of marine species that exist
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
89) How many known marine species have been catalogued by taxonomists at the World
Register of Marine Species?
A) Between 100,000 and 150,000
B) Between 150,000 and 200,000
C) Between 200,000 and 250,000
D) Between 250,000 and 300,000
E) More than 300,000
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 12.3 How Many Marine Species Exist?
Essent’l Concept: 12.3 Specify the number of marine species that exist
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
90) Recent work by taxonomists at the World Register of Marine Species has eliminated how
many previously listed species because they were duplicate identities?
A) Between 100,000 and 150,000
B) Between 150,000 and 200,000
C) Between 200,000 and 250,000
D) Between 250,000 and 300,000
E) More than 300,000
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 12.3 How Many Marine Species Exist?
Essent’l Concept: 12.3 Specify the number of marine species that exist
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
34
91) The current number of documented marine species represent about ________ of all known
species on Earth.
A) 13%
B) 17%
C) 21%
D) 26%
E) 30%
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 12.3 How Many Marine Species Exist?
Essent’l Concept: 12.3 Specify the number of marine species that exist
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
92) So few of the world’s species live in the ocean because the marine environment ________.
A) doesn’t have any sunlight
B) is a poor habitat for life
C) is a prime habitat for life
D) is less stable than the terrestrial environment
E) is more stable than the terrestrial environment
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 12.3 How Many Marine Species Exist?
Essent’l Concept: 12.3 Specify the number of marine species that exist
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
93) Most marine species inhabit the benthic environment because it ________.
A) is less stable than the planktonic environment
B) is more stable than the planktonic environment
C) is a prime habitat for life
D) is less stable than the terrestrial environment
E) doesn’t have any sunlight
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 12.3 How Many Marine Species Exist?
Essent’l Concept: 12.3 Specify the number of marine species that exist
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
35
94) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Sharks have existed
almost unchanged in Earth’s oceans for more than 400 million years BECAUSE the relatively
uniform conditions of the open ocean do not pressure organisms to adapt.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 12.3 How Many Marine Species Exist?
Essent’l Concept: 12.3 Specify the number of marine species that exist
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
95) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: The inhabitants of the
open ocean risk desiccation BECAUSE they live in an environment of abundant saltwater.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 12.4 How Are Marine Organisms Adapted to the Physical Conditions of the Ocean?
Essent’l Concept: 12.4 Explain how marine organisms are adapted for the physical conditions of
the ocean
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
36
96) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Planktonic single-celled
organisms that live in colder waters have more need for extensions to help them float near the
surface BECAUSE the colder seawater has a higher viscosity than warm seawater.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 12.4 How Are Marine Organisms Adapted to the Physical Conditions of the Ocean?
Essent’l Concept: 12.4 Explain how marine organisms are adapted for the physical conditions of
the ocean
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
97) Phytoplankton use body size to keep afloat because a small body size ________ surface-area
to volume ratio and ________ their frictional resistance.
A) decreases; decreases
B) decreases; increases
C) increases; decreases
D) increases; increases
E) There is no relationship between body size and floating.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 12.4 How Are Marine Organisms Adapted to the Physical Conditions of the Ocean?
Essent’l Concept: 12.4 Explain how marine organisms are adapted for the physical conditions of
the ocean
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
37
98) Some planktonic marine organisms, especially those that live in warm water, have unusual
appendages to increase their ________.
A) body mass
B) hunting skills
C) overall size
D) sexual attractiveness
E) surface area
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 12.4 How Are Marine Organisms Adapted to the Physical Conditions of the Ocean?
Essent’l Concept: 12.4 Explain how marine organisms are adapted for the physical conditions of
the ocean
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
99) Some planktonic marine organisms produce a tiny droplet of oil to ________ density and
________ buoyancy.
A) decrease; decrease
B) decrease; increase
C) increase; increase
D) increases; decrease
E) There is no relationship between density and buoyancy.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 12.4 How Are Marine Organisms Adapted to the Physical Conditions of the Ocean?
Essent’l Concept: 12.4 Explain how marine organisms are adapted for the physical conditions of
the ocean
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
38
100) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: The tendency of
planktonic organisms to sink is a serious handicap BECAUSE wind causes considerable mixing
and turbulence near the surface.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 12.4 How Are Marine Organisms Adapted to the Physical Conditions of the Ocean?
Essent’l Concept: 12.4 Explain how marine organisms are adapted for the physical conditions of
the ocean
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
101) Water’s viscosity is a ________ to planktonic organism and a ________ to nektonic
organisms.
A) help; help
B) help; hindrance
C) hindrance; help
D) hindrance; hindrance
E) Water’s viscosity has no impact on both planktonic and nektonic organisms.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 12.4 How Are Marine Organisms Adapted to the Physical Conditions of the Ocean?
Essent’l Concept: 12.4 Explain how marine organisms are adapted for the physical conditions of
the ocean
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
39
102) Which of the following results in the temperature range experienced by the ocean to be
substantially less than that on land?
A) Deeper penetration of solar energy in the ocean
B) Freshwater freezes at a lower temperature than saltwater
C) The greater mixing on the continents versus the marine environment
D) The increased evaporation over land compared to the ocean
E) The lower heat capacity of water compared to rocks
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 12.4 How Are Marine Organisms Adapted to the Physical Conditions of the Ocean?
Essent’l Concept: 12.4 Explain how marine organisms are adapted for the physical conditions of
the ocean
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
103) Much of the profound influence water temperature has on marine life is because cold water
is ________ dense and has a ________ viscosity than warm water.
A) less; higher
B) less; lower
C) more; higher
D) more; lower
E) There is no relationship between density and viscosity.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 12.4 How Are Marine Organisms Adapted to the Physical Conditions of the Ocean?
Essent’l Concept: 12.4 Explain how marine organisms are adapted for the physical conditions of
the ocean
OSLP: 5 The ocean supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
Global Sci Out: 7
40