51) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: The beach face is a
favorite place for runners BECAUSE the sand is wet and hard packed.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 10.1 How Are Coastal Regions Defined?
Essent’l Concept: 10.1 Use appropriate beach terminology to specify how coastal regions are
defined
52) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: The Nile Delta is
presently eroding BECAUSE sediment is trapped behind the Aswan High Dam.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 10.3 What Features Exist Along Erosional and Depositional Shores?
Essent’l Concept: 10.3 Describe the characteristic features of erosional and depositional shores
53) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Jetties can cause more
pronounced upcoast deposition and downcoast erosion than groins BECAUSE they are usually
built in closely spaced pairs and can be quite long.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 10.5 How Does Hard Stabilization Affect Coastlines?
Essent’l Concept: 10.5 Describe the types of hard stabilization and evaluate various alternatives
OSLP: 6 The ocean and humans are inextricably interconnected.
21
54) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: The beach face is a
favorite place for runners BECAUSE it normally consists of loosely-packed dry sand.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 10.1 How Are Coastal Regions Defined?
Essent’l Concept: 10.1 Use appropriate beach terminology to specify how coastal regions are
defined
55) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Longshore current cannot
change direction BECAUSE the waves that approach a beach never change direction with
different seasons.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 10.4 How Do Changes in Sea Level Produce Emerging and Submerging Shorelines?
Essent’l Concept: 10.4 Discuss how changes in sea level produce emerging and submerging
shorelines
56) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: The Nile Delta is
presently eroding BECAUSE the river empties into the Mediterranean Sea.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 10.3 What Features Exist Along Erosional and Depositional Shores?
Essent’l Concept: 10.3 Describe the characteristic features of erosional and depositional shores
22
57) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: The longshore current
along the East Coast of the United States moves to the south BECAUSE the strong Gulf Stream
current is moving to the north.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 10.2 How Does Sand Move on the Beach?
Essent’l Concept: 10.2 Explain how sand moves on the beach
58) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Alternatives to hard
stabilization have not been sought BECAUSE hard stabilization has not been proven to have
negative environmental consequences.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 10.5 How Does Hard Stabilization Affect Coastlines?
Essent’l Concept: 10.5 Describe the types of hard stabilization and evaluate various alternatives
OSLP: 6 The ocean and humans are inextricably interconnected.
59) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Alternatives to hard
stabilization have been sought BECAUSE hard stabilization has not been proven to have
negative environmental consequences.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 10.5 How Does Hard Stabilization Affect Coastlines?
Essent’l Concept: 10.5 Describe the types of hard stabilization and evaluate various alternatives
OSLP: 6 The ocean and humans are inextricably interconnected.
23
60) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Alternatives to hard
stabilization have not been sought BECAUSE hard stabilization has been proven to have
negative environmental consequences.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 10.5 How Does Hard Stabilization Affect Coastlines?
Essent’l Concept: 10.5 Describe the types of hard stabilization and evaluate various alternatives
OSLP: 6 The ocean and humans are inextricably interconnected.
61) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Coastal regions have
experienced population increases and increased damage BECAUSE programs like the National
Flood Insurance Program have encouraged construction in the unsafe locations they were
designed to prevent.
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 10.5 How Does Hard Stabilization Affect Coastlines?
Essent’l Concept: 10.5 Describe the types of hard stabilization and evaluate various alternatives
OSLP: 6 The ocean and humans are inextricably interconnected.
62) The zone that lies between the lowest tide level and the highest elevation on land that is
affected by storm waves is known as the ________.
A) beach
B) coast
C) coastline
D) shore
E) wave front
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.1 How Are Coastal Regions Defined?
Essent’l Concept: 10.1 Use appropriate beach terminology to specify how coastal regions are
defined
24
63) The zone extends inland from the shore to as far as ocean-related features can be found is
known as the ________.
A) beach
B) coast
C) coastline
D) foreshore
E) wave front
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.1 How Are Coastal Regions Defined?
Essent’l Concept: 10.1 Use appropriate beach terminology to specify how coastal regions are
defined
64) The boundary between the shore and the coast is known as the ________.
A) beach front
B) coastline
C) shore-coast
D) shoreline
E) wave front
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.1 How Are Coastal Regions Defined?
Essent’l Concept: 10.1 Use appropriate beach terminology to specify how coastal regions are
defined
65) The part of the shore that is above the high tide shoreline and is covered with water only
during storms is known as the ________.
A) backshore
B) foreshore
C) nearshore
D) offshore
E) shoreline
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.1 How Are Coastal Regions Defined?
Essent’l Concept: 10.1 Use appropriate beach terminology to specify how coastal regions are
defined
25
66) The part of the shore that is exposed at low tide and submerged at high tide is known as the
________.
A) backshore
B) foreshore
C) nearshore
D) offshore
E) shoreline
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.1 How Are Coastal Regions Defined?
Essent’l Concept: 10.1 Use appropriate beach terminology to specify how coastal regions are
defined
67) The part of the shore that represents the water’s edge and migrates back and forth with the
tide is known as the ________.
A) backshore
B) foreshore
C) nearshore
D) offshore
E) shoreline
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.1 How Are Coastal Regions Defined?
Essent’l Concept: 10.1 Use appropriate beach terminology to specify how coastal regions are
defined
68) The part of the shore that extends seaward from the low tide shoreline to the low tide breaker
line is known as the ________.
A) backshore
B) foreshore
C) nearshore
D) offshore
E) shoreline
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.1 How Are Coastal Regions Defined?
Essent’l Concept: 10.1 Use appropriate beach terminology to specify how coastal regions are
defined
26
69) The part of the shore beyond the low tide breaker line and is deep enough that waves rarely
affect the bottom is known as the ________.
A) backshore
B) foreshore
C) nearshore
D) offshore
E) shoreline
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.1 How Are Coastal Regions Defined?
Essent’l Concept: 10.1 Use appropriate beach terminology to specify how coastal regions are
defined
70) Which of the following best describes littoral drift?
A) The building of a berm at the expense of a longshore bar caused by light wave activity.
B) The formation of a rocky flattened beach face with a narrow berm.
C) The formation of a sandy steep beach face with a wide berm.
D) The movement of sediment in a zigzag fashion caused by the longshore current.
E) The use of floating objects such as shoes from shipping mishaps to track currents.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.2 How Does Sand Move on the Beach?
Essent’l Concept: 10.2 Explain how sand moves on the beach
71) About what percent of the world fishery is obtained within 320 kilometers (200 miles) of
shore?
A) 5%
B) 25%
C) 55%
D) 75%
E) 95%
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.1 How Are Coastal Regions Defined?
Essent’l Concept: 10.1 Use appropriate beach terminology to specify how coastal regions are
defined
27
72) About what percent of the world fishery is obtained beyond 320 kilometers (200 miles) of
shore?
A) 5%
B) 25%
C) 55%
D) 75%
E) 95%
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.1 How Are Coastal Regions Defined?
Essent’l Concept: 10.1 Use appropriate beach terminology to specify how coastal regions are
defined
73) Which of the following statements about coastal waters is correct?
A) Coastal waters are of minor importance for shipping because they traverse the open ocean.
B) Coastal waters have limited opportunities for oil production and recreational activities.
C) Coastal waters only support about 15% of the total mass of life in the oceans.
D) Coastal waters receive land-derived pollutants after passing through the open ocean.
E) Coastal waters serve as nursery grounds for many species that inhabit the open ocean.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.1 How Are Coastal Regions Defined?
Essent’l Concept: 10.1 Use appropriate beach terminology to specify how coastal regions are
defined
74) The extent of a continent’s coastal waters depends on the size and relief of its continental
________.
A) ridge
B) rise
C) shelf
D) slope
E) trench
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.6 What Are the Characteristics and Types of Coastal Waters?
Essent’l Concept: 10.6 Compare the various types of coastal waters
28
75) In the Southern Hemisphere, the coastal geostrophic current curves ________ on the western
coast.
A) eastward
B) northward
C) southward
D) westward
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.6 What Are the Characteristics and Types of Coastal Waters?
Essent’l Concept: 10.6 Compare the various types of coastal waters
76) In the Southern Hemisphere, the coastal geostrophic current curves ________ on the eastern
coast of continents.
A) eastward
B) northward
C) southward
D) westward
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.6 What Are the Characteristics and Types of Coastal Waters?
Essent’l Concept: 10.6 Compare the various types of coastal waters
77) Coastal geostrophic currents are variable because they depend on the ________ and the
amount of runoff for their strength.
A) depth effect
B) temperature gradient
C) salinity gradient
D) tide
E) wind
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.6 What Are the Characteristics and Types of Coastal Waters?
Essent’l Concept: 10.6 Compare the various types of coastal waters
29
78) Which of the following estuaries forms when sea level rises and floods an existing river
valley?
A) Bar-Built Estuary
B) Coastal Plain Estuary
C) Delta System
D) Fjord
E) Tectonic Estuary
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.6 What Are the Characteristics and Types of Coastal Waters?
Essent’l Concept: 10.6 Compare the various types of coastal waters
79) Which of the following estuaries forms when sea level rises and floods an existing U-shaped
glacial valley?
A) Bar-Built Estuary
B) Coastal Plain Estuary
C) Delta System
D) Fjord
E) Tectonic Estuary
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.6 What Are the Characteristics and Types of Coastal Waters?
Essent’l Concept: 10.6 Compare the various types of coastal waters
80) Which of the following estuaries forms when wave action creates a barrier island that
separates the estuary from the ocean?
A) Bar-Built Estuary
B) Coastal Plain Estuary
C) Delta System
D) Fjord
E) Tectonic Estuary
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.6 What Are the Characteristics and Types of Coastal Waters?
Essent’l Concept: 10.6 Compare the various types of coastal waters
30