Essentials of Oceanography, 12e (Trujillo)
Chapter 10 Beaches, Shoreline Processes, and the Coastal Ocean
10.1 Matching Questions
Match the term with the appropriate phrase. Not all answers will be used.
A) flows parallel to shore within surf zone
B) colonized by grasses; very productive
C) exposed at low tide and covered at high tide
D) beyond the low-tide breakers
E) moves water from swash zone out to sea
1) foreshore
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.1 How Are Coastal Regions Defined?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.2 How Does Sand Move on the Beach?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.3 What Features Exist Along Erosional and Depositional Shores?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.1 How Are Coastal Regions Defined?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.3 What Features Exist Along Erosional and Depositional Shores?
Essent’l Concept: 10.3 Describe the characteristic features of erosional and depositional shores
Match the term with the appropriate phrase. Not all answers will be used.
A) erosional shore
B) depositional shore
6) barrier island
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.3 What Features Exist Along Erosional and Depositional Shores?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.3 What Features Exist Along Erosional and Depositional Shores?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.3 What Features Exist Along Erosional and Depositional Shores?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.3 What Features Exist Along Erosional and Depositional Shores?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.3 What Features Exist Along Erosional and Depositional Shores?
Essent’l Concept: 10.3 Describe the characteristic features of erosional and depositional shores
Match the term with the appropriate phrase. Not all answers will be used.
A) salt marsh
B) halocline
C) isothermal
D) mangrove swamp
E) isohaline
F) thermocline
11) a layer of water in which the salinity changes rapidly with changes in depth
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.6 What Are the Characteristics and Types of Coastal Waters?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.6 What Are the Characteristics and Types of Coastal Waters?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.7 What Issues Face Coastal Wetlands?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.7 What Issues Face Coastal Wetlands?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.6 What Are the Characteristics and Types of Coastal Waters?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.6 What Are the Characteristics and Types of Coastal Waters?
Essent’l Concept: 10.6 Compare the various types of coastal waters
Match the description of the estuary with its name. Use each choice once, more than once, or not
at all.
A) vertically mixed estuary
B) fjord
C) bar-built estuary
D) salt wedge estuary
17) a long, narrow, deep U-shaped inlet that usually represents the seaward end of a submerged
glacial valley
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.6 What Are the Characteristics and Types of Coastal Waters?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.6 What Are the Characteristics and Types of Coastal Waters?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.6 What Are the Characteristics and Types of Coastal Waters?
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10.2 Multiple Choice Questions
1) A beach is ________.
A) always found along a coast
B) always comprised of non-biologic components
C) constant in space and time
D) only that area above the high-tide mark
E) a deposit of the shore area
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.1 How Are Coastal Regions Defined?
Essent’l Concept: 10.1 Use appropriate beach terminology to specify how coastal regions are
defined
2) The section of the coast that is exposed at low tide and submerged at high tide is called the
________.
A) backshore
B) foreshore
C) nearshore
D) offshore
E) shoreline
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.1 How Are Coastal Regions Defined?
Essent’l Concept: 10.1 Use appropriate beach terminology to specify how coastal regions are
defined
3) The section of the coast that extends from normal high tide level to the highest elevation on
land that is affected by storm waves is called the ________.
A) backshore
B) foreshore
C) nearshore
D) offshore
E) shoreline
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.1 How Are Coastal Regions Defined?
Essent’l Concept: 10.1 Use appropriate beach terminology to specify how coastal regions are
defined
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4) The particle size on a beach ________.
A) can be related to the frequency of storms
B) is a function of the type of bedrock underlying the coastal area
C) is related to whatever material is locally available
D) shows seasonal variation only on low energy coasts
E) varies only with storm intensity and duration
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.1 How Are Coastal Regions Defined?
Essent’l Concept: 10.1 Use appropriate beach terminology to specify how coastal regions are
defined
5) Which of the following would you expect to find on a summertime beach?
A) A narrow berm
B) Prominent longshore bars
C) A wide, sandy berm
D) Larger, high-energy waves
E) A rocky terrain along the beach
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.2 How Does Sand Move on the Beach?
Essent’l Concept: 10.2 Explain how sand moves on the beach
6) Winter beaches ________.
A) are narrower than summer beaches due to high-energy waves during the winter
B) are wider than summer beaches due to low-energy waves during the winter
C) contain more sediment than summer beaches due to high-energy waves during the winter
D) contain less sediment than summer beaches due to low-energy waves during the winter
E) are characterized by most of the swash soaking into the beach
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 10.2 How Does Sand Move on the Beach?
Essent’l Concept: 10.2 Explain how sand moves on the beach
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7) Sediment is supplied to the coastal zone by ________.
A) coastal erosion
B) local biological activity
C) rivers
D) All of the above are sources of sediment in the coastal zone.
E) Only A and B are sources of sediment in the coastal zone.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.3 What Features Exist Along Erosional and Depositional Shores?
Essent’l Concept: 10.3 Describe the characteristic features of erosional and depositional shores
8) Eroded material is carried along coastlines from high-energy wave areas to ________.
A) active offshore berms
B) low-energy wave areas
C) the backshore
D) the foreshore
E) the nearshore zone
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.3 What Features Exist Along Erosional and Depositional Shores?
Essent’l Concept: 10.3 Describe the characteristic features of erosional and depositional shores
9) Which of the following is found at a depositional shore?
A) Headlands
B) Wave-cut cliffs
C) Deltas
D) Sea caves
E) Sea arches
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.3 What Features Exist Along Erosional and Depositional Shores?
Essent’l Concept: 10.3 Describe the characteristic features of erosional and depositional shores
10) Narrow currents flowing across the surf zone toward the open ocean are called ________.
A) longshore currents
B) nearshore currents
C) rip currents
D) surf flow
E) swash
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.3 What Features Exist Along Erosional and Depositional Shores?
Essent’l Concept: 10.3 Describe the characteristic features of erosional and depositional shores
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11) A linear ridge of sediment attached to land at one end might be called a ________.
A) barrier island
B) bay barrier
C) bay-mouth bar
D) spit
E) tombolo
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.3 What Features Exist Along Erosional and Depositional Shores?
Essent’l Concept: 10.3 Describe the characteristic features of erosional and depositional shores
12) If one were to walk from the ocean landward across a barrier island complex, in which order
would one encounter the following environments?
A) Barrier flat, dune, beach, low marsh, high marsh
B) Beach, dune, barrier flat, high marsh, low marsh
C) Beach, dune, barrier flat, low marsh, high marsh
D) Dune, barrier flat, beach, high marsh, low marsh
E) Low marsh, high marsh, barrier flat, dune, beach
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.3 What Features Exist Along Erosional and Depositional Shores?
Essent’l Concept: 10.3 Describe the characteristic features of erosional and depositional shores
13) The area of the barrier island complex that would contain thickets and woodlands would be
the ________.
A) barrier flat
B) dune
C) high marsh
D) lagoon
E) low marsh
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.3 What Features Exist Along Erosional and Depositional Shores?
Essent’l Concept: 10.3 Describe the characteristic features of erosional and depositional shores
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14) Large deposits of sediment at the mouths of rivers are called ________.
A) barrier flats
B) barrier islands
C) bay-mouth bar
D) deltas
E) tombolos
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.3 What Features Exist Along Erosional and Depositional Shores?
Essent’l Concept: 10.3 Describe the characteristic features of erosional and depositional shores
15) Isostatic movement of a coastline might occur due to ________.
A) additional seawater
B) changes in the rate of seafloor spreading
C) the removal of a large glacier that rested in that area
D) underwater landslides
E) uplift related to earthquake activity
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.4 How Do Changes in Sea Level Produce Emerging and Submerging Shorelines?
Essent’l Concept: 10.4 Discuss how changes in sea level produce emerging and submerging
shorelines
16) Eustatic changes in sea level might include ________.
A) increased glacial melting due to the global warming
B) rise in sea level due to a large weight of glacier on a continental mass
C) sinking of the crust due to large increases in sediment load
D) uplift related to earthquake activity
E) volcanic activity resulting in the formation of new continental crust
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.4 How Do Changes in Sea Level Produce Emerging and Submerging Shorelines?
Essent’l Concept: 10.4 Discuss how changes in sea level produce emerging and submerging
shorelines
OSLP: 3 The ocean is a major influence on weather and climate.
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17) Which of the following occurs when seafloor spreading rates increase?
A) New continental crust forms
B) Sea level falls
C) Subduction increases
D) There is a rise in sea level
E) There is no change in sea level
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Section: 10.4 How Do Changes in Sea Level Produce Emerging and Submerging Shorelines?
Essent’l Concept: 10.4 Discuss how changes in sea level produce emerging and submerging
shorelines
18) Which of the following is designed to prevent or retard shoreline erosion?
A) Beach nourishment
B) Groin
C) Seawall
D) All of these are used to try to prevent or retard shoreline erosion.
E) Both the groin and seawall prevent or retard shoreline erosion.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.5 How Does Hard Stabilization Affect Coastlines?
Essent’l Concept: 10.5 Describe the types of hard stabilization and evaluate various alternatives
OSLP: 6 The ocean and humans are inextricably interconnected.
19) In terms of erosion protection from wave action, seawalls ________.
A) are cost effective
B) lead to erosion of sediment on their seaward sides
C) result in a more gradual seaward slope of beaches
D) are permanent and thus never need to be replaced
E) require very little maintenance
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Section: 10.5 How Does Hard Stabilization Affect Coastlines?
Essent’l Concept: 10.5 Describe the types of hard stabilization and evaluate various alternatives
OSLP: 6 The ocean and humans are inextricably interconnected.
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