Chapter 2 Test Items
Chapter 2 Multiple-choice Items
1. Inquiry-based learning, in which learners generate their own knowledge through their experiences and teachers
serve only as facilitators, is based on this belief system.
A) behaviorism
B) activism
C) objectivism
D) constructivism
2. This theorist believed that, while the ages at which children mature vary somewhat, all children go through four
stages of cognitive development that occur after certain neurological changes.
A) Jean Piaget
B) B. F. Skinner
C) Jerome Bruner
D) Robert Gagné
3. Some technology integration strategies are designed to foster this because Bandura’s theory holds that some
students who are innately capable sometimes do not learn because they lack it.
A) enactive learning
B) vicarious learning
C) self-efficacy
D) self-esteem
4. Technology integration strategies that promote skill fluency or automaticity are based on which kind of models?
A) discovery
B) activist
C) constructivist
D) directed
5. This theory developed by John Dewey was based on the belief that social consciousness was the ultimate aim of
all education, and learning was useful only in the context of social experience.
A) social activism
B) social scaffolding
C) discovery learning
D) situated cognition
6. What two kinds of instruments can teachers design or select during Phase 2 of the TIP Model to assess changes
in student attitudes resulting from a technology-enhanced lesson?
A) Likert scales and rubrics
B) Likert scales and semantic differentials
C) rubrics and semantic differentials
D) rubrics and observation checklists
7. Which of these is an important part of preparing an instructional environment for students with special needs?
A) AUP
B) UDL
C) TIP
D) SAMR
8. Which of the following is the focus of an integration strategy based primarily on directed models?
A) Promote skill fluency or automaticity
B) Foster creative problem solving and metacognition
C) Foster group cooperation skills
D) Generate motivation to learn
9. Which of the following is an example of a technology integration strategy that could help facilitate either
directed or constructivist models?
A) To foster creative problem solving
B) To support efficient, self-paced learning
C) To remove logistical hurdles to learning
D) To remedy identified weaknesses or deficits
10. Which kind of the following types of data collection would not help determine if a technology integration
strategy worked well?
A) achievement data
B) attitude data
C) student comments
D) response statistics
11. Which one of these learning theorists offered principles that could help inform constructivist technology
integration strategies?
A) B. F. Skinner
B) Jean Piaget
C) Robert Gagné
D) Benjamin Bloom
12. Which of the following is a typical technology integration strategy based on constructivist learning models?
A) identifying skill weaknesses and targeting tutorial and drill software to them
B) letting students write papers with word processing, rather than by hand
C) showing video-based problems that students solve through small group work
D) giving students a French language tutorial because a teacher is not available
13. Proficient technology-oriented teachers must learn to combine these two different approaches to integration.
A) indirect and directed
B) directed and objectivist
C) inquiry-based and constructivist
D) directed and constructivist
14. Which of these learning theorists would help inform directed technology integration strategies?
A) Albert Bandura
B) Jean Piaget
C) Robert Gagné
D) Lev Vygotsky
Chapter 2 Short-Answer Items
1. Howard Gardner would probably approve of assigning a different role to each student in small group
multimedia development projects because it can help address this concept that is central to his theory.
2. What would Vygotsky call the process of helping students develop new math skills by using video-based
examples that build on their own background knowledge and experience?
3. In 1929, Whitehead coined this term to describe skills that students learn but do not know how to transfer later
to problems that require them.
4. According to Everett Rogers’ theory, teachers will resist changing the way they teach in order to try innovative
technology strategies unless they clearly see this.
5. In this kind of assessment tool, students respond to a question by checking a line between each of several sets of
bipolar adjectives to indicate their level of feeling about the topic of the question.
6. Which kind of instructional software could probably address all of the nine Events of Instruction outlined by
learning theorist Robert Gagné?
7. Seymour Papert used the work of this renowned learning theorist Jean Piaget to develop his work with young
children using this programming language to solve problems.
8. Technologies can be used to provide discovery learning environments, which this learning theorist felt are best
to let children explore and recognize relationships between ideas.
9. Drill-and-practice and instructional game software can be used to help students acquire this kind of “rapid
recall” and performance of skills.
10. This kind of software make possible integration strategies to reduce logistical hurdles such as slow handwriting
as students learn writing skills.
11. This kind of software can be integrated to help optimize scarce learning resources by allowing students to repeat
experiments without depleting chemical supplies or other materials.
12. To make sure a technology application is a good solution, teachers should begin by stating this clearly.
13. This instrument, which consists of a set of performance elements and contains quality ratings for each element,
is helpful for assessing complex technology-based products.
14. Though the Internet can be a powerful source of integration strategies, the U.S. Congress passed this in the year
2000 to help protect children from potentially harmful Internet materials.
Chapter 2 Essay Questions
1. Describe at least three of the four essential policy-related conditions necessary if teachers are to be able to
exploit the potential power of technology.
2. Suppose there is a student who has failed at learning mathematics skills and is very unmotivated. What strategy
would advocates of directed instruction suggest? What would constructivists recommend?
Chapter 2 Test Item Answer Key
Chapter 2 Multiple-choice Items
