978-0134024554 Chapter 7 Part 2

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23) The metabolism that creates large amounts of carbon dioxide and lactic acid but generates

little energy is called:

A) homeostatic.

B) hyperoxic.

C) aerobic.

D) anaerobic.

Objective: 7.3

24) Our blood transports oxygen from the lungs to the cells and returns with what byproduct of

metabolism?

A) Lactic acid

B) Carbolic acid

C) Carbon dioxide

D) Carbon monoxide

Objective: 7.3

25) The respiratory system moves air in and out; however, to ________ cells, the air that is

inhaled must meet up with the circulatory system.

A) defuse

B) hyperoxygenate

C) register

D) perfuse

Objective: 7.4

26) The seat of respiratory control is found in the:

A) nose.

B) lungs.

C) chest.

D) medulla oblongata.

Objective: 7.4

27) What is the best description of the chest’s mechanical functions?

A) The chest is a closed space with only one opening; the trachea, to inspire air; the diaphragm

contracts down and the intercostal muscles expand the ribs, causing a negative pressure that fills

the lungs with air.

B) The diaphragm contracts, causing the intercostal muscles that are attached to the lungs to also

contract, which moves the air into the lungs.

C) With the chest being an airtight space, the act of breathing occurs when the muscles of the

diaphragm and intercostal relax, which causes the lungs to expand and air to flow into the lungs.

D) The chest is a closed space, and the pleural space surrounds the lungs; when the diaphragm

contracts and the intercostals expand, the chest and lungs move outward and downward,

allowing expiration and gas exchange in the lungs.

Objective: 7.4

28) ________ blood returns to the right side of the heart.

A) Deoxygenated

B) Anemic

C) Red

D) Oxygenated

Objective: 7.4

29) A disruption of the balance between oncotic pressure and hydrostatic pressure is critical to

regulating:

A) oxygenation and perfusion.

B) blood pressure and cell hydration.

C) perfusion and proper circulation to the tissues.

D) waste removal and urine.

Objective: 7.4

30) What is FiO2?

A) The amount of oxygen delivered via an airway adjunct in liters per minute

B) The concentration of oxygen in our inhaled air, which is referred to as the fraction of inspired

oxygen

C) The concentration of gases in our expired air, which is referred to as the fraction of used

oxygen

D) The flow rate of gases provided to the patient by mask or nasal cannula

Objective: 7.4

31) A patient breathing in room air should be receiving ________ percent oxygen.

A) 21

B) 5

C) 16

D) 100

Objective: 7.4

32) What is a patent airway?

A) A rigid suction device used to remove fluid and foreign objects from the pharynx to secure the

airway

B) A term used by EMS practitioners to indicate that the patient has a secured and opened airway

necessary for life

C) The condition of the patient’s airway at the start of a lifesaving intervention

D) An airway that is in need of securing via an oral or nasal pharyngeal airway

Objective: 7.4

33) What is the correct order of air flow from the nose to the alveoli in the lungs?

A) Nose, pharynx, hypopharynx, epiglottis, trachea, crania, mainstem bronchi, alveoli

B) Mouth, pharynx, epiglottis, hypopharynx, trachea, mainstem bronchi, crania, alveoli

C) Nose, nasopharynx, pharynx, hypopharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, alveoli

D) Nose, hyperpharynx, pharynx, hypopharynx, trachea, mainstem bronchi, bronchi, alveoli

Objective: 7.4

34) The potential space between the lung and chest wall is called the:

A) carina space.

B) lung space.

C) dead space.

D) pleural space.

Objective: 7.4

35) Which of the following statements provides reasons for the disruption of respiratory control?

A) A medical, structural, and mechanical failure that has initiated the cascade of life-threatening

problems will interrupt this control.

B) A structural reason that has caused collapse of the upper and lower airways to block the flow

of oxygen to the alveoli can interrupt this control.

C) Medical reasons, infections, trauma, toxins, and drugs, along with neurologic disorders, can

interrupt this control.

D) Mechanical failure, soft-tissue damage, obstruction, and lack of perfusion will interrupt this

control.

Objective: 7.4

36) When carbon dioxide is not exchanged, the net result is high carbon dioxide, a condition

called ________, within the body.

A) hyperemia

B) hypercapnia

C) hyperthermia

D) hyperglycemia

Objective: 7.4

37) A condition that is caused by a decreased number of red blood cells is called:

A) polycythemia.

B) erythrocythemia.

C) leukemia.

D) anemia.

Objective: 7.4

38) If a hole is created in the chest wall, air could escape or be drawn in, or if bleeding develops

within the chest, air and blood can accumulate in the pleural space. This would force the lung to:

A) increase respirations.

B) increase the minute volume.

C) collapse.

D) work harder with minimal problems.

Objective: 7.5

39) The disruption of lung tissue by mechanical forces or medical problems can upset diffusion,

which is defined as:

A) the process of gas exchange between the alveoli and the capillaries.

B) the ability of the lungs to expand equally during inspiration.

C) maintaining enough positive pressure in the pleural space to keep the lungs from collapsing.

D) the exchange of gases in the bronchi.

Objective: 7.5

40) The net result of respiratory challenges is low oxygen, also called ________, within the

body.

A) anorexia

B) hypoglycemia

C) hypoxia

D) anoxia

Objective: 7.5

41) Injuries to the brain and spinal cord, sepsis, and severe allergic reactions can cause what