47) Your patient is a 3-year-old child who is in severe respiratory distress. She is cyanotic and
responds only to painful stimuli. According to the patient’s mother, the child had complained of a
sore throat earlier and has had a fever since early in the morning. Which of the following is the
BEST course of action?
A) Perform abdominal thrusts and finger sweeps; attempt to ventilate.
B) Suction the airway.
C) Insert an oropharyngeal airway (OPA) and begin bag-valve-mask ventilations with
supplemental oxygen.
D) Begin gentle ventilations with a bag-valve mask (BVM) and supplemental oxygen.
Objective: 33.12
48) Your patient is a 2-year-old female who has suffered a seizure but does not have a previous
history of seizures. The patient’s father states that the child has been pulling at her ear and has
had a fever. They were getting ready to leave for a doctor’s appointment when the child had a
brief seizure. The patient is drowsy and has hot, flushed skin. Which of the following is
recommended in the prehospital management of this patient?
A) Sponge the child’s back and arms with rubbing alcohol.
B) Place ice packs in the armpits, groin, and around the head.
C) Remove the child’s clothing down to her underpants or diaper.
D) Cover the child with a towel soaked in ice water.
Objective: 33.12
21
49) Which of the following is the MOST common cause of seizures in infants and children?
A) Hypoglycemia
B) Hypoxia
C) Fever
D) Poisoning
Objective: 33.12
50) Which of the following statements is true regarding SIDS?
A) It usually occurs between the ages of 1 and 3 years.
B) Death usually occurs during sleep.
C) It is usually caused by external suffocation.
D) All children are at equal risk.
Objective: 33.12
51) Which of the following is the MOST common cause of death in children?
A) Environmental emergencies
B) Poisonings
C) Trauma
D) Infectious disease
Objective: 33.13
22
52) Which of the following is LEAST common in a pedestrian child versus car incident?
A) Spinal injuries
B) Abdominal injuries
C) Upper-extremity injuries
D) Head injuries
Objective: 33.13
53) Which of the following statements is true regarding the skin and body surface area of
children as compared to adults?
A) The skin of a child is thicker.
B) Children have more subcutaneous fat.
C) Children have a larger body surface-to-weight ratio.
D) A child is not more prone than an adult to heat loss through the skin.
Objective: 33.14
23
54) A 3-year-old child who burns both legs and arms has burned approximately ________% of
his entire body surface area.
A) 54
B) 45
C) 72
D) 36
Objective: 33.14
55) The most common type of burn injury suffered in the home by children is:
A) electrical.
B) chemical.
C) scald.
D) direct fire.
Objective: 33.14
24
56) Which of the following statements is true regarding child abuse injuries?
A) Splash burns indicate child abuse.
B) Rib fractures in young children suggest child abuse.
C) Shaken baby syndrome never causes death of the infant.
D) Head injuries are usually the first sign in child abuse.
Objective: 33.15
57) Which of the following should increase your suspicion of child abuse?
A) Indications of alcohol and/or drug abuse in the home
B) Improperly healed fractures, resulting in deformity of extremities
C) Bruises on the back and/or buttocks in various stages of healing
D) All of the above
Objective: 33.15
25
58) For the EMT who has cared for a pediatric patient in tragic circumstances, which of the
following would be an appropriate way of dealing with stress accompanying the experience?
A) Get together with others who participated in the care of the child and unwind with some
alcoholic beverages.
B) Talk to a compassionate coworker who has had similar experiences in the past.
C) Vent your rage in a letter to the person responsible for the child’s circumstances.
D) Put the incident as your social media status and encourage others talk about it.
Objective: 33.15
59) Which of the following children may be at a higher risk for child abuse?
A) Child with disabilities
B) Twin child
C) Premature child
D) All of the above
Objective: 33.15
26
60) Which of the following is a classic characteristic of a child abuser?
A) Parent who spends majority of time with child
B) Parent who was abused as child
C) Parent who is experiencing financial or marital stress
D) All of the above
Objective: 33.15
61) Prehospital management of the abused child includes all of the following except:
A) treating all injuries.
B) eliciting a complete history from child and parents.
C) allowing parent to drive child to hospital.
D) reporting your findings to the emergency department staff.
Objective: 33.15
27
62) Pop-off valves should be functional when ventilating the pediatric patient:
A) to avoid overinflation of the lungs.
B) to avoid causing a pneumothorax.
C) to avoid barotrauma to the lungs.
D) None of the above
Objective: 33.16
63) Your patient is an infant being treated for bronchopulmonary dysplasia. He is being weaned
off his respirator by a process called intermittent mandatory ventilation. When you arrive, you
find the infant obviously hypoxic and sick-looking. Which of the following treatments is
indicated?
A) Oxygen administration
B) Ventilator support
C) Prompt transport to a neonatal center
D) All of the above
Objective: 33.16
28
64) Your patient has a tracheostomy and is on a ventilator. He presents in acute respiratory
distress. You assess his trach tube and it appears clear, but there is something wrong with the
ventilator. You do not notice any loose fittings or disconnected tubes. The airway is clear and he
is sitting upright. What is your next step?
A) Call the manufacturer’s service hotline.
B) Try to further troubleshoot the ventilator.
C) Disconnect the patient and ventilate him with a bag-valve device.
D) Connect your oxygen tank directly to the tracheostomy tube.
Objective: 33.16
65) Which of the following is a surgically implanted drainage device that runs from the brain to
the abdomen?
A) Gastrostomy tube
B) Central intravenous line
C) Shunt
D) Tracheostomy tube
Objective: 33.16
29