978-0134024554 Chapter 31 Part 3

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49) You have responded to a local pool for a drowning patient. Lifeguards have pulled the patient

out of the pool prior to your arrival. You find a 22-year-old male patient unresponsive with

agonal respirations and a weak carotid pulse. Bystanders state the patient was not using the

diving board and was found in the shallow end. Why are cervical spine precautions necessary?

A) The patient may have suffered a spinal injury by jumping in shallow water.

B) The patient may have suffered a cervical spine injury when pulled out of the water.

C) The patient may have been using the diving board after all and injured his cervical spine.

D) The patient may have hit his head on the side wall while swimming laps.

Objective: 31.10

50) You respond to a boat dock for a diving injury. You find a 24-year-old male patient

unresponsive with frothy blood in the mouth and lung sounds absent on the right side. The

patient’s friends state they were diving when he came out of the water complaining of chest pains

and then collapsed. What condition do you suspect?

A) Myocardial infarction

B) Decompression sickness

C) Air embolism

D) Near drowning

Objective: 31.10

51) You have responded to a local pool for a drowning patient. Lifeguards have pulled the patient

out of the pool prior to your arrival. You find the 16-year-old patient unresponsive with agonal

respirations and a weak carotid pulse. What is your first action?

A) Apply high-concentration oxygen by nonrebreather mask.

B) Apply high-concentration oxygen by bag-valve mask.

C) Insert a Combitube.

D) Insert an oropharyngeal airway.

Objective: 31.11

52) You respond to a boat dock for a diving injury. You find a 24-year-old male patient

unresponsive with frothy blood in the mouth and lung sounds absent on the right side. The

patient is breathing 28 times a minute. The patient’s friends state they were diving when he

unexpectedly came out of the water complaining of chest pains and then collapsed. What is your

first action?

A) Insert an oropharyngeal airway.

B) Place the patient on high-concentration oxygen by nonrebreather mask.

C) Place the patient on high-concentration oxygen by bag-valve mask.

D) Suction the airway.

Objective: 31.11

53) Which of the following occurs when gases leave a damaged lung in a diving accident and

enter the bloodstream?

A) Arterial thrombosis

B) Arterial blood gases

C) Hyperbaric arterial injury

D) Arterial gas embolism

Objective: 31.11

54) Which of the following is caused by trapped nitrogen gas in the tissues due to a rapid ascent

from a scuba dive?

A) “Squeeze” injuries of the ear and sinuses

B) Pulmonary embolism

C) Decompression sickness

D) Nitrogen narcosis

Objective: 31.11

55) Which of the following increases a scuba diver’s risk of decompression sickness?

A) Taking cold or sinus medications before a dive

B) Flying within several hours after a dive

C) Diving on a full stomach

D) Breathing 100% oxygen before a dive

Objective: 31.11

56) You arrive on the scene to find a scuba diver on board a boat slumped over in the captain’s

chair with frothy blood in his mouth. The captain states that the diver was down no more than 15

feet when he ascended rapidly and called for help. Which of the following is most likely?

A) Decompression sickness

B) The bends

C) Air embolism

D) Caisson’s disease

Objective: 31.11

57) You respond to a boat dock for a diving injury. You find a 22-year-old female patient

unresponsive with frothy blood in the mouth and lung sounds absent on the right side. The

patient is breathing 28 times a minute. The patient’s friends state they were diving when she

unexpectedly came out of the water complaining of chest pains and then collapsed. The nearest

hospital is 25 minutes away and the nearest specialty resource center with a hyperbaric chamber

is 30 minutes away. What is the best decision when determining transport?

A) Transport the patient by ground to the specialty center.

B) Transport the patient by air medical to the specialty center.

C) Transport the patient to the nearest facility.

D) Transport the patient by air medical to the nearest facility.

Objective: 31.11

58) You are enjoying some time at the beach on your day off when you hear a swimmer crying

for help. As you spot the swimmer about 30 feet from shore, she cries out again but appears to be

getting weaker. Although there is no lifeguard on duty, there is a rowboat and a ring buoy

available. Assuming you do NOT know how to swim or consider yourself a poor swimmer,

which of the following should you do first?

A) Row the boat out to the swimmer.

B) Use the buoy to float out to the swimmer.

C) Find someone who can swim to try to swim out and save the swimmer.

D) Call for help and try to throw the buoy to the swimmer.

Objective: 31.12

59) To rescue someone who has fallen through the ice, which of the following is the safest device

to use?

A) Jet-ski

B) Flat-bottomed aluminum boat

C) Ladder

D) Ring buoy

Objective: 31.12

60) Which of the following spiders can cause a characteristic wound with a bite that is often

painless?

A) Brown recluse spider

B) Sheet web spider

C) Argiope spider

D) Black widow spider

Objective: 31.13

61) Which of the following is acceptable in the management of a patient stung by a honey bee?

A) Soak the affected area in warm water.

B) Pull the stinger out using tweezers.

C) Remove jewelry from any affected limbs.

D) Elevate the affected site above the level of the heart to reduce swelling.

Objective: 31.13

62) You respond to the scene of a local campground. Your patient is a 15-year-old female patient

who was stung in the arm by a bee. The patient is anxious and hyperventilating at 28 times a

minute. The patient is alert and oriented to time, place, person, and event. Lung sounds are clear

bilaterally. The left arm is swollen and the stinger is not present. Blood pressure is 118/72 and

pulse is 110. The patient’s mother states she is allergic to bee stings and has an epinephrine auto-

injector. She called 911 because she was afraid the patient would stop breathing. Which of the

following is the best treatment plan?

A) Place a constricting band around the arm to minimize the spread of the venom.

B) Assist the patient in administering her epinephrine auto-injector.

C) Monitor the patient for shock and transport.

D) Place the patient in the Trendelenburg position.

Objective: 31.13

63) You respond to a farm for a possible snake bite. You find a 36-year-old male patient seated

against a tree. Bystanders state the patient was bitten on the arm by a rattlesnake and is “really

sick.” As you approach, you notice that the patient appears in obvious distress, diaphoretic, and

holding his right wrist. Which of the following is your highest priority?

A) Perform a primary assessment and identify any potential life threats.

B) Confirm the type of snake and contact medical control for specific instructions.

C) Immediately apply a constricting band to minimize the spread of the venom.

D) Confirm the location and status of the snake.

Objective: 31.13

64) Where should a constricting band be placed to reduce lymphatic flow after a venomous snake

bite?

A) 2 inches above the bite

B) 2 inches below the bite

C) 2 inches above and 2 inches below the bite

D) None of the above

Objective: 31.13

65) The purpose of a constricting band after a venomous snake bite is to impede the flow of

which of the following?

A) Lymph

B) Arterial blood

C) Venom

D) Both A and C

Objective: 31.13

66) Of the following venomous snakes, which one usually has the highest incidence of a “dry

bite?”

A) Coral snake

B) Water moccasin

C) Mississauga rattlesnake

D) Copperhead

Objective: 31.13

67) Which of the following could worsen the effects of a snake bite?

A) Application of ice

B) Cutting and suctioning out the venom

C) Constricting bands above and below the bite

D) Having the patient lie still

Objective: 31.13

68) Which of the following types of snake is NOT a pit viper?

A) Water moccasin

B) Rattlesnake

C) Coral snake

D) Copperhead

Objective: 31.13

69) Reducing the pain of a marine animal sting can be accomplished by rinsing the affected area

with which of the following?

A) Sterile saline solution

B) Gasoline or kerosene

C) Cold water

D) Vinegar

Objective: 31.13