22) You are dispatched to a sick call. The patient was just extricated from a bathtub where he was
trapped under the shower door for 2 weeks. This 72-year-old male had limited access to water
from the bathtub faucet. The patient is complaining of disorientation, nausea, and vomiting.
What do you think is the underlying cause for the illness?
A) Chronic renal failure
B) End-stage renal disease
C) Acute renal failure
D) Gastrointestinal infection
Objective: 24.7
23) Approximately how many Americans are currently on some type of dialysis?
A) 200,000
B) 50,000
C) 100,000
D) 400,000
Objective: 24.8
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24) Approximately what percentage of United States dialysis patients treat themselves at home?
A) 50%
B) 8%
C) 25%
D) 16%
Objective: 24.8
25) Hemodialysis is used to help the kidneys filter ________ and remove excess ________.
A) electrolytes; hormones
B) urine; poisons
C) blood; cholesterol
D) toxins; fluids
Objective: 24.8
26) Peritoneal dialysis allows patients to dialyze at home through:
A) a dialysis machine.
B) the abdomen.
C) an AV fistula.
D) the urethra.
Objective: 24.8
12
27) What is a cycle of filling and draining of the abdominal cavity during peritoneal dialysis
called?
A) Exchange
B) Set
C) Rotation
D) Trade
Objective: 24.8
28) How long does a typical hemodialysis treatment last?
A) 7 to 8 hours
B) 3 to 4 hours
C) 1 to 2 hours
D) 10 to 12 hours
Objective: 24.8
13
29) How many times a week do the majority of American hemodialysis patients receive
treatment?
A) Five
B) Three
C) Seven
D) One
Objective: 24.8
30) There are two main types of dialysis, hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. The main
difference between them is hemodialysis:
A) is usually done at a special facility and peritoneal dialysis is usually done at home.
B) is usually done at home and peritoneal dialysis is usually done at a special facility.
C) filters the blood and peritoneal dialysis filters the urine.
D) filters the urine and peritoneal dialysis filters the blood.
Objective: 24.8
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31) How frequently does the majority of peritoneal dialysis require treatment?
A) Three to five times a week
B) Once a day
C) Multiple treatments a day
D) Once a week
Objective: 24.8
32) Patients who dialyze at home are at high risk for what type of infection?
A) Peritonitis
B) Decubitus ulcers
C) Cellulitis
D) Fistula infection
Objective: 24.9
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33) You are dispatched to a private residence for a sick person. You arrive and find a 47-year-old
male patient who recently completed his peritoneal dialysis and complains of severe abdominal
pain that is worsened by movement. One of the more serious complications of this type of
dialysis is a bacterial infection within the peritoneal cavity. What would be the tell-tale sign that
this is what is happening in this case?
A) The patient’s dialysis fluid appears cloudy when it is drained from the peritoneal cavity rather
than its normal clear appearance.
B) The patient’s dialysis fluid appears clear when it is drained from the peritoneal cavity rather
than its normal cloudy appearance.
C) The patient has trouble urinating.
D) The patient has swollen ankles.
Objective: 24.9
34) Two chronic medical conditions that dialysis patients frequently have in addition to kidney
failure are ________ and ________.
A) blood clots; COPD
B) high cholesterol; cerebral aneurysms
C) heart failure; stroke
D) hypertension; diabetes
Objective: 24.9
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