13. Ireland is an example of the ___________ model.
a. social market
b. social democratic
c. Christian democratic
d. extreme capitalist democracy
political institutions, and party system within Sweden.
Topic: Sweden: Political Culture
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
14. Extreme capitalist democracies all have similar:
a. political institutions, in which power is highly decentralized.
b. checks and balances and separation of powers in their governmental systems.
c. judicial systems, in which high courts have the power of judicial review.
d. pluralist interest group structures in which power is highly decentralized.
Topic: Extreme Market Democracy
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
15. ________________ is defined as the proportion of GDP devoted to social spending.
a. Welfare state spending
b. Welfare effort
c. Social security
d. Social welfare spending
Topic: Extreme Market Democracy
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
16. In extreme market democracy countries,
a. union density is high, and class voting is strong.
b. welfare effort is high, despite weak class voting.
c. politicians appeal mainly to the working-class majority.
d. labor and left-wing political parties have not fared as well, due to weak class voting.
Topic: Extreme Market Democracy
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
238
17. In terms of public sector employment as a percentage of the labor force, which of the
following is true?
a. Christian democratic countries rank the highest.
b. Social democratic countries ranked highest until Swedish reforms of the 1990s.
c. Extreme market countries rank the lowest, with relatively small public sectors.
d. Extreme market countries, such as the United Kingdom, have wildly varying public
sector employment levels.
Topic: Extreme Market Democracy
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
18. Politicians in extreme market democracies tend to make more appeals to _____________
than working-class people.
a. middle-class voters, who make up the bulk of the population
b. business and industry leaders
c. wealthy people, who are more likely to turn out to vote
d. low-income voters, despite stingier welfare policies
Topic: Extreme Market Democracy
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
19. These political parties dominated British politics of the 20th Century, and are still the
largest parties in the United Kingdom, despite declines:
a. the Conservative Party, and the Liberal Party.
b. the Democratic Conservative Party, and the Labor Party.
c. the Liberal Democratic Party, the Conservative Party, and the Labor Party.
d. the Conservative Party, along with the Labor Party.
political institutions, and party system within the United Kingdom.
Topic: The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland: Historical
Background
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
239
20. In the politics of the United Kingdom, _______________ reigns supreme:
a. the executive, defined as prime ministers and their cabinets
b. House of Commons
c. British monarchy
d. Parliament
political institutions, and party system within the United Kingdom.
Topic: The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland: The State
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
21. In Parliament, deference on public policy is shown by ruling party members to:
a. no one, since there are no checks on their power.
b. majority leaders of legislative committees.
c. the nobles, barons and earls of the upper chamber, the House of Lords.
d. prime ministers and their cabinets.
political institutions, and party system within the United Kingdom.
Topic: The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland: The State
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
22. In 1963. Political scientists Almond and Verba described British political culture as
“deferential,” given:
a. consistently low voter turnout rates, as compared to the rest of Western Europe and
North America.
b. a tendency for British workers to appreciate the continuing role of the monarchy.
c. the confidence and faith that British workers have in the Conservative Party.
d. the British public’s lack of demand for a formal Constitution.
political institutions, and party system within the United Kingdom.
Topic: The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland: The State
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
240
23. British citizens tend to value what is _______________ over what is ideological and
principled.
a. time-tested, or even archaic
b. supported by prime ministers and their cabinets
c. cosmopolitan and tolerant
d. effective and pragmatic
political institutions, and party system within the United Kingdom.
Topic: The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland: Political Culture
Difficulty Level: Political Economy
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
24. In the late 1970s and 1980s, Conservative leader and Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher
pushed the following policies to boost the U.K.’s economy:
a. moderate reforms of the nations’ large welfare state and controlled economy.
b. total privatization of the National Health Service.
c. increases in immigration, along with extensive market reforms.
d. privatization of state-owned industries, more restrictions on unions, and welfare state
and tax cuts.
political institutions, and party system within the United Kingdom.
Topic: The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland: The State
Difficulty Level: Political Economy
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
25. In 2014, British parliamentary leaders promised to grant more autonomy to
_____________, prior to a failed referendum on secession from the United Kingdom.
a. Scotland and Wales, two of the four nations of the U.K.
b. Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland, three of the four nations of the U.K.
c. Northern Ireland, which has long since created its own strong national identity
d. Scotland, one of the four nations of the U.K. for over three centuries
political institutions, and party system within the United Kingdom.
Topic: The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland: The State
Difficulty Level: Political Economy
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
241
26. The recession that began in 2008 left the United Kingdom not just with rising
unemployment, but the largest peacetime ___________ in its history.
a. austerity program, or force budget cuts
b. budget deficit
c. fiscal crisis and near-bankruptcy
d. housing market collapse
political institutions, and party system within the United Kingdom.
Topic: The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland: Political Economy
Difficulty Level: Political Economy
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
27. Supporters of the _____________ model believe that state intervention should “repair
society, not replace it.”
a. social democratic
b. Christian democratic
c. extreme market democracy
d. social market
model.
Topic: Christian Democracy
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
28. ____________ is an example of a Christian democratic regime.
a. Ireland
b. Canada
c. Norway
d. Netherlands
model.
Topic: Christian Democracy
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
242
29. The main difference between the social democratic and Christian democratic model is
that Christian democracies:
a. use the parliamentary model of democracy.
b. spend significantly less on welfare states.
c. do not support unions.
d. rely on transfer payments to ensure income security to families.
model.
Topic: Christian Democracy
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
30. The most distinctive institutional feature of Christian democracy is the:
a. continuing role of the church in government.
b. high degree of corporatism.
c. role of parliament in policy making.
d. role of the executive branch in policy making.
model.
Topic: Christian Democracy
Difficulty Level: Difficult
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
31. The term “semisovereign state” has been used to describe _____________.
a. Sweden
b. Ireland
c. Denmark
d. Germany
political institutions, and party system within Germany.
Topic: Germany: The State
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
243