Eitzen, In Conflict and Order: Understanding Society, 14th Edition, Test Bank
Chapter Sixteen: Structural Sources of Social Change: Economic and Demographic
Multiple Choice Questions
TB_Q16.1.1
The chapter cites two fundamental turning points in human history. What and when was the first of these two
major turning points?
a. Neolithic agricultural revolution that began about 8000 BC
b. Industrial Revolution that began in Great Britain in the 1780s
c. Immigration Revolution that began in the United States in the 1990s
d. American Revolution that began in 1776
Learning Objective: LO 16.1: Understand how globalization and the economy affect individual workers.
Topic/Concept: Globalization and the Structural Transformation of the Economy
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q16.1.2
During the Industrial Revolution, which began in the _____ century, the application of steam power and later oil
and electricity as energy sources for industry, mining, manufacturing, and transportation brought fundamental
changes to the economy, the nature of work, family organization, and a transition from rural to urban life.
a. 17th
b. 18th
c. 19th
d. 20th
Learning Objective: LO 16.1: Understand how globalization and the economy affect individual workers.
Topic/Concept: Globalization and the Structural Transformation of the Economy
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
TB_Q16.1.3
Among other changes, new _____ have, most significantly, magnified the connections among all peoples across
the globe.
a. agragrianism
b. ways of thinking
c. technologies
d. spirituality
Learning Objective: LO 16.1: Understand how globalization and the economy affect individual workers.
Topic/Concept: Globalization and the Structural Transformation of the Economy
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q16.1.4
Chapter Sixteen: Structural Sources of Social Change: Economic and Demographic
Which term is defined as the processes by which everyone on Earth becomes increasingly interconnected
economically, politically, culturally, and environmentally?
a. Internationalism
b. Technology
c. One World Government
d. Globalization
Learning Objective: LO 16.1: Understand how globalization and the economy affect individual workers.
Topic/Concept: Globalization and the Structural Transformation of the Economy
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q16.1.5
The term capital flight is defined as
a. the movement of corporate money from one investment to another through investment in plants located in
other nations, plant relocation within the United States, and mergers.
b. when a company moves its production to another country, producing the same products in the same way,
but with cheaper labor, lower taxes, and lower benefits to workers.
c. taking some specific task that a company was doing in-house—such as research, call centers, accounting,
or transcribing—and transferring it to an overseas company to save money and then reintegrating that work
back into the overall operation.
d. independent contractors working from their homes, paying for their own health care and retirement plan,
and furnishing their own equipment.
Learning Objective: LO 16.1: Understand how globalization and the economy affect individual workers.
Topic/Concept: Globalization and the Structural Transformation of the Economy
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q16.1.6
Which term is used to describe what a company is doing when it moves its production to another country,
producing the same products in the same way but with cheaper labor, lower taxes, and lower benefits to workers?
a. Outsourcing
b. Offshoring
c. Capital flight
d. Contingent employment
Learning Objective: LO 16.1: Understand how globalization and the economy affect individual workers.
Topic/Concept: Globalization and the Structural Transformation of the Economy
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q16.1.7
In Conflict and Order, 14th edition
Mary lives in Detroit, Michigan. She once worked as a customer service representative for a major automobile
manufacturer, but lost her job when the company started _____ its customer service functions to India.
a. deporting
b. offshoring
c. outsourcing
d. homesourcing
Learning Objective: LO 16.1: Understand how globalization and the economy affect individual workers.
Topic/Concept: Globalization and the Structural Transformation of the Economy
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
TB_Q16.1.8
Which American company laid off 30,000 American workers following September 11, 2001, and then announced
it would be shifting most of its advanced design and engineering tasks to Russia and China, where these kinds of
professionals are paid significantly less?
a. Sunset Industries
b. Apple
c. Chrysler
d. Boeing
Learning Objective: LO 16.1: Understand how globalization and the economy affect individual workers.
Topic/Concept: Globalization and the Structural Transformation of the Economy
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q16.1.9
Manufacturing was the backbone of the U.S. economy in the 20th century, but is no longer dominant. In 1917,
the largest U.S. corporation was U.S. Steel. Today, the largest U.S. corporation is
a. Wal-Mart.
b. Boeing.
c. Microsoft.
d. Pearson.
Learning Objective: LO 16.1: Understand how globalization and the economy affect individual workers.
Topic/Concept: Globalization and the Structural Transformation of the Economy
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q16.1.10
Chapter Sixteen: Structural Sources of Social Change: Economic and Demographic
Whereas in the past, Americans mostly worked at producing goods, today most jobs are in the service sector.
Which of the following is NOT a service sector job?
a. Banking
b. Metal fabrication
c. Custodial work
d. Retail sales
Learning Objective: LO 16.1: Understand how globalization and the economy affect individual workers.
Topic/Concept: Globalization and the Structural Transformation of the Economy
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Analyze It
TB_Q16.1.11
Sectors of the economy that fade in importance or will die out completely are known as
a. dinosaur sectors.
b. endangered economic sectors.
c. sunset industries.
d. sunrise industries.
Learning Objective: LO 16.1: Understand how globalization and the economy affect individual workers.
Topic/Concept: Globalization and the Structural Transformation of the Economy
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q16.1.12
The term sunrise industry describes one that
a. was established at the dawn of the Industrial Revolution.
b. involves manufacturing breakfast foods.
c. will soon fade, like the sunrise.
d. is characterized by increased output and employment.
Learning Objective: LO 16.1: Understand how globalization and the economy affect individual workers.
Topic/Concept: Globalization and the Structural Transformation of the Economy
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q16.1.13
Economist Paul Krugman points out that _____ has actually reduced the demand for white-collar workers.
a. technological progress
b. increased manufacturing
c. the rise of the big-box store
d. unionization of blue-collar jobs
In Conflict and Order, 14th edition
Learning Objective: LO 16.1: Understand how globalization and the economy affect individual workers.
Topic/Concept: Globalization and the Structural Transformation of the Economy
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q16.1.14
About three-fourths of _____ (employees who work part time, in temporary jobs, or as independent
contractors) are women.
a. homeschoolers
b. contingent workers
c. outsourcers
d. offshore workers
Learning Objective: LO 16.1: Understand how globalization and the economy affect individual workers.
Topic/Concept: Globalization and the Structural Transformation of the Economy
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q16.1.15
What is a term used to describe when independent contractors work from their homes, pay for their own health
care and retirement plan, and furnish their own equipment?
a. Sunrise industry
b. Offshoring
c. Homesourcing
d. Oursourcing
Learning Objective: LO 16.1: Understand how globalization and the economy affect individual workers.
Topic/Concept: Globalization and the Structural Transformation of the Economy
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q16.1.16
With relatively weak unions and competition from low-wage economies, U.S. corporations have been reducing
_____, or setting up a two-tiered system that disadvantages newer employees.
a. golden parachutes
b. executive bonuses
c. executive salaries
d. workers’ benefits
Learning Objective: LO 16.1: Understand how globalization and the economy affect individual workers.
Topic/Concept: Globalization and the Structural Transformation of the Economy
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q16.1.17
Chapter Sixteen: Structural Sources of Social Change: Economic and Demographic
Ironically, wages have declined since 1973, while worker _____ actually rose.
a. productivity
b. benefits
c. vacation time
d. enthusiasm
Learning Objective: LO 16.1: Understand how globalization and the economy affect individual workers.
Topic/Concept: Globalization and the Structural Transformation of the Economy
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q16.2.18
Today, _____ of the people in the United States are either African American, Latino, Asian American, or Native
American.
a. more than one-third
b. just under half
c. more than half
d. nearly three-quarters
Learning Objective: LO 16.2: Critique the idea that immigrants are a threat to society.
Topic/Concept: The New Immigration and the Changing Racial Landscape
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q16.2.19
By 2023 a majority of children (under 18 years of age) in the United States will be from a minority
background. By what year will non-White ethnic groups surpass working-age Whites in number?
a. 2057
b. 2039
c. 2020
d. 2016
Learning Objective: LO 16.2: Critique the idea that immigrants are a threat to society.
Topic/Concept: The New Immigration and the Changing Racial Landscape
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Analyze It
TB_Q16.2.20
Which term is defined as the movement of people across political boundaries?
a. Transmigration
b. Emigration
c. Immigration
d. Ex-patriotism
In Conflict and Order, 14th edition
Learning Objective: LO 16.2: Critique the idea that immigrants are a threat to society.
Topic/Concept: The New Immigration and the Changing Racial Landscape
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q16.2.21
In the 1920s, the United States established the _____ rule to limit the number of immigrants it would accept, to
limit the number of Eastern Europeans who enter the country, and to deny entry to Asians.
a. immigrant quota
b. third wave
c. Yellow Peril
d. national origins
Learning Objective: LO 16.2: Critique the idea that immigrants are a threat to society.
Topic/Concept: The New Immigration and the Changing Racial Landscape
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q16.2.22
About one million people legally migrate into the United States every year. How many unauthorized people per
year enter the country and stay?
a. About 525,000
b. About 1.5 million
c. About 2.5 million
d. About 11.12 million
Learning Objective: LO 16.2: Critique the idea that immigrants are a threat to society.
Topic/Concept: The New Immigration and the Changing Racial Landscape
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q16.2.23
The states with the most _____ have the highest levels of anti-immigrant feeling.
a. unemployment
b. immigrants
c. diversity
d. conservatives
Learning Objective: LO 16.2: Critique the idea that immigrants are a threat to society.
Topic/Concept: The New Immigration and the Changing Racial Landscape
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q16.2.24
Chapter Sixteen: Structural Sources of Social Change: Economic and Demographic
The evidence is that immigrants _____ on the wages of most Americans, except for the low-wage, poorly
skilled, poorly educated segment of workers.
a. have positive effects
b. have negative effects
c. do not have negative effects
d. do not have an effect
Learning Objective: LO 16.2: Critique the idea that immigrants are a threat to society.
Topic/Concept: The New Immigration and the Changing Racial Landscape
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q16.2.25
Arizona has a particularly tough law penalizing employers who hire illegal immigrants (who are paid
significantly less than American citizens). The irony of this situation is that
a. most of the immigrants labeled illegal in Arizona are actually legal.
b. employers in Arizona do not tend to hire illegal immigrants in the first place.
c. there are no Arizona citizens who want to do those jobs anyway.
d. jobs in Arizona’s semiconductor industry have been outsourced to foreign countries with cheaper labor.
Learning Objective: LO 16.2: Critique the idea that immigrants are a threat to society.
Topic/Concept: The New Immigration and the Changing Racial Landscape
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q16.2.26
Immigrants are more likely than the rest of the population to _____, which in turn creates jobs and adds
strength to local economies.
a. be self-employed and to start their own businesses
b. be college graduates
c. enter the country with significant savings
d. hold white-collar jobs, especially in finance and banking
Learning Objective: LO 16.2: Critique the idea that immigrants are a threat to society.
Topic/Concept: The New Immigration and the Changing Racial Landscape
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q16.2.27
In Conflict and Order, 14th edition
Donald is against immigration, especially illegal immigration from Mexico. He complains loudly that
immigrants expect social services but do not pay the taxes that support them. His brother, Bernie, points out
that
a. in the short run, immigrants consume less in public services and benefits than they pay in taxes.
b. undocumented immigrants pay a variety of taxes, such as income, Social Security, Medicare, and sales
taxes.
c. undocumented immigrants annually receive about $1.5 billion from Medicare and $7 billion from Social
Security.
d. the state and local taxes paid by immigrants are relatively high, especially because their children are not
allowed to attend public schools.
Learning Objective: LO 16.2: Critique the idea that immigrants are a threat to society.
Topic/Concept: The New Immigration and the Changing Racial Landscape
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
TB_Q16.2.28
A study by the Academy of Sciences found that by the time a typical immigrant with a family dies, that
immigrant and his or her children will have paid _____ government benefits.
a. no taxes, despite receiving
b. no more in taxes than they received in
c. $80,000 more in taxes than they received in
d. $80,000 less in taxes than they received in
Learning Objective: LO 16.2: Critique the idea that immigrants are a threat to society.
Topic/Concept: The New Immigration and the Changing Racial Landscape
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q16.2.29
For immigrants who remain in the United States, evidence shows that they are a burden on the economy for
two decades mainly because of educational costs. After that
a. they must return to their countries of origin.
b. they are automatically citizens.
c. they must repay that money or be deported.
d. the society benefits monetarily.
Learning Objective: LO 16.2: Critique the idea that immigrants are a threat to society.
Topic/Concept: The New Immigration and the Changing Racial Landscape
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q16.2.30