Eitzen, In Conflict and Order: Understanding Society, 14th Edition, Test Bank
Chapter Four: Socialization
Multiple Choice Questions
TB_Q4.1.1
_____ is the process of learning cultural values, norms, and expectations.
a. Belief systems
b. Culturization
c. Aculturalization
d. Socialization
Learning Objective: LO 4.1: Use the example of feral children to construct an argument in the nature versus nurture debate.
Topic/Concept: The Personality as a Social Product
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q4.1.2
According to zoologist and science writer Matt Ridley, which of the following represents the relationship of nature to
nurture?
a. Genes switch on and off in response to the environment.
b. Genes are primarily responsible for human behavior.
c. Environment is solely responsible for human behavior.
d. Environmental influences must adapt around genetic heritage.
Learning Objective: LO 4.1: Use the example of feral children to construct an argument in the nature versus nurture debate.
Topic/Concept: The Personality as a Social Product
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q4.1.3
Sociologists note that individuals develop a sense of _____ (i.e., personality) through interaction with other people.
a. character
b. self
c. disposition
d. nature
Learning Objective: LO 4.1: Use the example of feral children to construct an argument in the nature versus nurture debate.
Topic/Concept: The Personality as a Social Product
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q4.1.4
Chapter Four: Socialization
Over time, infants develop a sense of _____ and learn to distinguish between “I” and “you.”
a. proportion
b. mastery
c. self-awareness
d. smell
Learning Objective: LO 4.1: Use the example of feral children to construct an argument in the nature versus nurture debate.
Topic/Concept: The Personality as a Social Product
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q4.1.5
While children are born with human genes, they require _____ to become fully human.
a. innate traits
b. evolution
c. self-awareness
d. social contact
Learning Objective: LO 4.1: Use the example of feral children to construct an argument in the nature versus nurture debate.
Topic/Concept: The Personality as a Social Product
Difficulty Level: Difficult
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q4.1.6
Which term is used to describe children who have allegedly been raised by animals or in severe isolation?
a. Feral
b. Natural
c. Uncivilized
d. Undocumented
Learning Objective: LO 4.1: Use the example of feral children to construct an argument in the nature versus nurture debate.
Topic/Concept: The Personality as a Social Product
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q4.1.7
Stories abound of children who were raised by animals, but these accounts should be
a. understood in the context of history.
b. treated with skepticism.
c. considered isolated incidents with no bearing on socialization.
d. a touchstone in the study of socialization and humanity.
Learning Objective: LO 4.1: Use the example of feral children to construct an argument in the nature versus nurture debate.
Topic/Concept: The Personality as a Social Product
In Conflict and Order, 14th edition
Difficulty Level: Difficult
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
TB_Q4.1.8
Modern science has determined that children raised in extreme neglect have significant deficits in ordinary human
behavior as well as brains that are
a. normal but incapable of catching up to their age peers.
b. normal and capable of catching up to their age peers.
c. smaller than normal with signs of atrophy.
d. larger than normal with additional development in the instinctive centers.
Learning Objective: LO 4.1: Use the example of feral children to construct an argument in the nature versus nurture debate.
Topic/Concept: The Personality as a Social Product
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q4.1.9
_____ has profound effects on how a society’s members perceive the world and discover the meaning of symbols not
only for words but also for objects such as the the flag and traffic lights.
a. Socialization
b. Symbol-making
c. Symbology
d. Language
Learning Objective: LO 4.1: Use the example of feral children to construct an argument in the nature versus nurture debate.
Topic/Concept: The Personality as a Social Product
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q4.1.10
According to Nilsen, the military found it necessary to _____ in order to preserve new recruits’ sense of
masculinity.
a. change the names of jobs considered to be “women’s work”
b. assign “men’s work” only to male recruits and “women’s work” to female recruits
c. increase practice with automatic weapons
d. exempt men from serving in the same branches of the military as women
Learning Objective: LO 4.1: Use the example of feral children to construct an argument in the nature versus nurture debate.
Topic/Concept: The Personality as a Social Product
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q4.2.11
Chapter Four: Socialization
Which theorist advanced the theory of the “looking glass self”?
a. Sigmund Freud
b. Charles H. Cooley
c. Albert Bandura
d. George Herbert Mead
Learning Objective: LO 4.2: Identify which theory you think best describes the socialization process.
Topic/Concept: Socialization Theories
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q4.2.12
The theory that a child’s conception of herself is defined at least in part through the way in which other people react
to her is known as the
a. reflective self concept.
b. superego.
c. looking-glass self.
d. self–perception reversal.
Learning Objective: LO 4.2: Identify which theory you think best describes the socialization process.
Topic/Concept: Socialization Theories
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q4.2.13
Which theorist noted that during the imitation stage, infants learn to distinguish between themselves and others from
the actions of their parents?
a. Sigmund Freud
b. Charles H. Cooley
c. Albert Bandura
d. George Herbert Mead
Learning Objective: LO 4.2: Identify which theory you think best describes the socialization process.
Topic/Concept: Socialization Theories
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q4.2.14
Which term was used by George Herbert Mead to mean the pressures and expectations of parents, friends, and
society?
a. Generalized other
b. Internalization
c. Socialization
d. Secondary group
In Conflict and Order, 14th edition
Learning Objective: LO 4.2: Identify which theory you think best describes the socialization process.
Topic/Concept: Socialization Theories
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q4.2.15
Which social theorist noted that children will adopt behaviors that result in outcomes they value?
a. Sigmund Freud
b. Charles H. Cooley
c. Albert Bandura
d. George Herbert Mead
Learning Objective: LO 4.2: Identify which theory you think best describes the socialization process.
Topic/Concept: Socialization Theories
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q4.2.16
Kylie is a three-year–old girl. When she tries to play with a truck, her mother takes it away and hands her a doll.
According to social theorist Albert Bandura, which scenario is most likely to result?
a. Kylie will grow up to be transgendered.
b. Kylie will adopt the belief that dolls are for girls and trucks are for boys.
c. Kylie will enter the play stage, meaning she will play with whatever she wants.
d. Kylie will become depressed and stop playing, resulting in brain atrophy.
Learning Objective: LO 4.2: Identify which theory you think best describes the socialization process.
Topic/Concept: Socialization Theories
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
TB_Q4.2.17
When advertisers emphasize the positive outcomes of using particular products, their methods are in line with
which theorist’s ideas?
a. Mead
b. Bandura
c. Freud
d. Cooley
Learning Objective: LO 4.2: Identify which theory you think best describes the socialization process.
Topic/Concept: Socialization Theories
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q4.2.18
Chapter Four: Socialization
At approximately what age do children enter the “play stage,” according to Mead, in which they pretend to be
people in different roles, such as mothers, teachers, doctors, or police officers?
a. Ages 1–4
b. Ages 4–7
c. Ages 7–10
d. Ages 10–12
Learning Objective: LO 4.2: Identify which theory you think best describes the socialization process.
Topic/Concept: Socialization Theories
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q4.2.19
Which statement most accurately sums up Cooley’s idea of the looking-glass self?
a. I am what I think I am.
b. I am what you think I am.
c. I am what I am.
d. I am what I think you think I am.
Learning Objective: LO 4.2: Identify which theory you think best describes the socialization process.
Topic/Concept: Socialization Theories
Difficulty Level: Analyze It
TB_Q4.2.20
Which of the following represents the psychoanalytic view of socialization?
a. Sigmund Freud
b. Charles H. Cooley
c. Albert Bandura
d. George Herbert Mead
Learning Objective: LO 4.2: Identify which theory you think best describes the socialization process.
Topic/Concept: Socialization Theories
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q4.2.21
Freud’s term for the rational part of the personality that controls basic urges and finds realistic ways of satisfying
biological cravings is
a. id.
b. ego.
c. superego.
d. morals.
Learning Objective: LO 4.2: Identify which theory you think best describes the socialization process.
In Conflict and Order, 14th edition
Topic/Concept: Socialization Theories
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q4.2.22
Which term did Freud use to describe the primitive biological force that is expressed in a child’s earliest years, with
all energies directed toward pleasure?
a. Infantalism
b. Superego
c. Ego
d. Id
Learning Objective: LO 4.2: Identify which theory you think best describes the socialization process.
Topic/Concept: Socialization Theories
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q4.3.23
Which of the following is NOT identified in the chapter as one of the four major agents of socialization?
a. Family
b. Religion
c. School
d. Peers
Learning Objective: LO 4.3: Understand how the four major agents of socialization impact the individual.
Topic/Concept: Society’s Socialization Agents
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q4.3.24
_____ is the term for the way in which society’s expectations and rules become part of an individual’s personality.
a. Individuation
b. Normalization
c. Internalization
d. Socialization
Learning Objective: LO 4.3: Understand how the four major agents of socialization impact the individual.
Topic/Concept: Society’s Socialization Agents
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q4.3.25
Chapter Four: Socialization
Which of the following is the primary agent of socialization for an individual?
a. Media
b. Peers
c. School
d. Family
Learning Objective: LO 4.3: Understand how the four major agents of socialization impact the individual.
Topic/Concept: Society’s Socialization Agents
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q4.3.26
Why is internalization an important step in the maturation process?
a. Because children will then act according to parental expectations, even when no one is watching.
b. Because children will know how to act when their parents are nearby
c. Because children will be free to make their own decisions
d. Because internalization must precede socialization
Learning Objective: LO 4.3: Understand how the four major agents of socialization impact the individual.
Topic/Concept: Society’s Socialization Agents
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Analyze It
TB_Q4.3.27
An overprotective parent who hovers over his or her child at every stage of development is often called a(n)
_____ parent.
a. active
b. helicopter
c. trainwreck
d. super
Learning Objective: LO 4.3: Understand how the four major agents of socialization impact the individual.
Topic/Concept: Society’s Socialization Agents
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q4.3.28
Sherry Turkle is a critic of helicopter parenting, particularly the use of _____ that help parents track their child’s
location.
a. computer chip implants
b. neighborhood watch networks
c. cell phones and GPS devices
d. seat belts and bike helmets
In Conflict and Order, 14th edition
Learning Objective: LO 4.3: Understand how the four major agents of socialization impact the individual.
Topic/Concept: Society’s Socialization Agents
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q4.3.29
In contrast to families, schools tend to provide a more _____ indoctrination of youth in culturally prescribed
ways.
a. ethnocentric
b. diverse
c. humanitarian
d. uniform
Learning Objective: LO 4.3: Understand how the four major agents of socialization impact the individual.
Topic/Concept: Society’s Socialization Agents
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q4.3.30
Whereas the formal curriculum in schools teaches subjects such as math and English, the _____ teaches
students the society’s expectations regarding behavior.
a. hidden curriculum
b. Core Curriculum
c. faculty
d. coaching staff
Learning Objective: LO 4.3: Understand how the four major agents of socialization impact the individual.
Topic/Concept: Society’s Socialization Agents
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q4.3.31
When Douglas started first grade, he did not like school as much as preschool because he was expected to do
the same thing at the same time as the other children. But soon, he was raising his hand and waiting for his turn
to talk, just like everyone else. This is because school is a place where students learn to function in the larger
society by learning
a. individuality is only for very young children and that maturity equals conformity.
b. the formal prescriptions of society and that to get along one must go along.
c. good people are always cooperative and do as they are told.
d. failing to comply with school rules will result in a note in their permanent records that will follow them
for the rest of their lives.
Learning Objective: LO 4.3: Understand how the four major agents of socialization impact the individual.
Topic/Concept: Society’s Socialization Agents
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Apply What You Know