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Chapter Fourteen - MECHANICAL HAZARDS AND MACHINE SAFEGUARDING
TRUE OR FALSE: Place T or F in the space provided.
_____1. Concerns about mechanical hazards have only become important in
recent years.
_____2. In an industrial setting, people interact with machines that are
designed to drill, cut, stamp, punch, and shape such materials as metal,
plastics, and elastomers.
_____3. The most common mechanical injuries are cutting and tearing,
shearing, crushing, breaking, straining, spraining, and puncturing.
_____4. The National Safety Council de&nes safeguarding as minimizing the
risk of accidents.
_____5. Three types of point of operation guards are &xed, interlocked, and
adjustable.
_____6. Fixed guards provide a temporary barrier between workers and the
point of operation.
_____7. Guards are not effective when used at the point of operation.
_____8. The best robot safeguard is roping o- the work area.
_____9. Permanent electrical safety devices can improve the effectiveness of
lockout/tagout programs.
_____10. The concept of risk assessment is the process of quantifying the
level of risk associated with the operation of a given machine.
_____11. Machine guards must meet only one overriding requirement:
prevention of contact with moving parts.
_____12. A Permanent Electrical Safety Device (PESD) becomes a real safety
device only after it is installed as part of a Lockout/Tagout procedure. Until
this is done it is nothing but another electrical component.
MULTIPLE CHOICE: Circle the letter before the correct answer.
1. When a body part comes in contact with a sharp edge, which of the
following occurs?
A. Crushing
B. Puncturing
C. Shearing
D. Cutting
2. Which type of guard shuts down the machine when the guard is not
securely in place?
A. Fixed
B. Interlock
C. Adjustable
D. Point
3. An optical device that shuts down the machine any time the light &eld is
broken is which of the following?
A. Photoelectric device
B. Electromechanical device
C. Pullback device
D. Radio-frequency device
4. The best guard used in a robot’s work envelope is which of the following?
A. Photoelectric device
B. Pullback device
C. Electromechanical device
D. Physical barrier
5. When a machine is being operated without the safeguard, which of the
following actions should be taken?
A. Stop machine immediately
B. Report to management next day
C. Show caution while machine is operating
D. Discuss at next safety meeting.
13.
5. A
1. List and brieCy explain the most common types of mechanical injury
hazards.
2. Explain the concept of safeguarding.
3. Summarize OSHA’s requirements for machine guarding.
4. What are the requirements all safeguards should meet?
5. Describe the three types of point-of-operation guards.
6. Describe four types of point-of-operation devices.
7. What are the relative advantages and disadvantages of feeding and
ejection systems?
8. Describe the primary hazards associated with robots.
9. Explain how to guard against the hazards associated with robots.
10. What is a lockout system?
11. What is a tagout system?
12. What impact might a lockout/tagout system have if carefully followed
nationwide?
13. Summarize the main provisions of OSHA’s “lockout/tagout standard.”
14. Explain the concept of risk assessment as it relates to machine
operation.
15. Explain how to evaluate lockout/tagout programs.
