Chapter One – SAFETY AND HEALTH MOVEMENT, THEN AND NOW
TRUE OR FALSE: Place T or F in the space provided.
_____1. There is evidence of occupational safety and health efforts as far
back as the time of the Egyptian pharaohs.
_____2. Organized labor did not play a crucial role in the development of the
safety movement.
_____3. Tragedies have changed the face of the safety movement at different
times in the United States.
_____4. Failure maximization is one of the widely used accident prevention
techniques.
_____5. The safety and health movement today is characterized by
professionalization and integration.
_____6. The National Safety Council is a broad-based safety organization that
has members only from industry.
_____7. Today’s largest organization, devoted to safety and health practices,
is the Occupational Safety and Health Administration.
_____8. The concern for safety and health began during the Industrial
Revolution.
_____9. The integrated approach involves practitioners working together to
predict, control, identify, and correct safety and health problems.
_____10. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is a
nongovernmental public service organization.
_____11. Total Safety Management (TSM) encourages organizations to take a
holistic approach to safety management.
_____12.U.S. companies are responsible for the safety and health of their
employees.
_____13. Bloodborne pathogens have introduced a whole new set of
precautions into the realm of workplace safety.
_____14. Return on Investment (ROI) of safety programs is not a concern for
safety managers.
MULTIPLE CHOICE: Circle the letter before the correct answer.
1. Which of the following is a milestone in the development of the safety
movement in the United States?
A. Passage of OSHA
B. First recorded safety program
C. Creation of the Bureau of Mines
D. All of the above are milestones
2. Which of the following health problems associated with the workplace
contributed to the development of the safety and health movement?
A. Lung disease
B. Mercury poisoning
C. Both a and b
3. The safety and health team of a large company may include:
A. Dietitian
B. Radiation specialist
C. Psychologist
D. All of the above
4. Which of the following is one of the three most signiAcant events in the
history of the safety and health movement?
A. Asbestos menace
B. Hawk’s nest tragedy
C. Bhopal tragedies
D. All of the above
5. Early safety programs that were based on the “Three E’s of Safety” are
which of the following?
A. Education, Energy, and Engineering
B. Education, Enforcement, and Engineering
C. Engineering, Effort, and EDciency
D. EDciency, Engineering, and Employees
6. The Foster Wheeler study established the link between:
A. Bloodborne pathogens and workplace safety
B. Safety and productivity
C. Slip and fall accidents and workers’ compensation costs
D. None of the above
14.F
6. B
1. To what cause(s) can the improvements in workplace safety made to date
be attributed?
2. Explain the signiAcance of the Code of Hammurabi in terms of the safety
movement.
3. Describe the circumstances that led to the development of the Arst
organized safety program.
4. What is Frederick Taylor’s connection to the safety movement?
5. Explain the development of the National Safety Council.
6. What impact did labor shortages in World War II have on the safety
movement?
7. Explain how workplace tragedies have affected the safety movement. Give
examples.
8. Explain the primary reasons behind the passage of OSHA.
9. Summarize brieGy the role organized labor has played in the advancement
of the safety movement.
10. DeAne the following terms: fellow servant rule; contributory negligence;
assumption of risk.
11. Explain the Three E’s of Safety.
12. Explain the term integration as it relates to modern safety and health.