Exam
Name___________________________________
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Answer the question.
1)
A couple, both recently graduated engineers, are deciding on some details for their
honeymoon. They have looked at a “honeymoon suite review” for their hotel of interest on
the internet and have developed a matrix of outcomes that is presented in the table below.
They decide to use the satisficing, nondimensional scaling, and additive weighting
methods to help make their decision. Assume the nondimensional values given to the
ratings were excellent = 1.0, good = 0.8, fair = 0.5, and poor = 0.1. What can they
conclude?
Attributes Weight Alternative I Alternative II Alternative III Acceptable Range
Cost per night 0.21 $29,000 $27,000 $26,000 $26,000–$30,000
Hotel condition 0.20 Good Good Excellent Good–Excellent
Hotel service 0.33 89 91 97 92–100
Room cleanliness 0.16 96 98 99 96–100
Room comfort 0.28 90 95 100 95–100
1)
Answer:
Alternative III should be selected based on the satisficing, nondimensional scaling,
and additive weighting methods.
1
Explanation:
Satisficing:
Cost: All alternatives are acceptable: $26,000 Price
$30,000
Condition: All alternatives are acceptable: Good
Condition Excellent
Service: Only Alternative III is acceptable: 92
Service
100
Cleanliness: All alternatives are acceptable: 96 Cleanliness 100
Comfort: Alternatives II and III are acceptable: 95
Comfort
100
Only Alternative III is acceptable because it is the only one whose attributes all
lie in acceptable ranges.
Non–dimensional scaling:
For cost per night, Rating =WorstOutcome – EvalutedOutcome
WorstOutcome – BestOutcome
For other attributes, Rating =EvaluatedOutcome – WorstOutcome
BestOutcome – WorstOutcome
The calculated dimensionless values are shown below.
Attributes Weight Alternative I Alternative II Alternative III
Price per night 0.21 0.00 0.67 1.00
Hotel condition 0.20 0.00 0.00 1.00
Hotel service 0.33 0.00 0.25 1.00
Room cleanliness 0.16 0.00 0.67 1.00
Room comfort 0.28 0.00 0.50 1.00
Total 1.18 0.00 2.08 5.00
Alternative III should be selected.
Additive Weighting: (Normalized weights x dimensionless value)
Attributes Relative Weight Normalized Weight
Price per night 0.21 0.21/1.18 =0.18
Hotel condition 0.20 0.20/1.18 =0.17
Hotel service 0.33 0.33/1.18 =0.28
Room cleanliness 0.16 0.16/1.18 =0.14
Room comfort 0.28 0.28/1.18 =0.24
Total 1.18 1.00
Alternative I = 0.0
Alternative II =0.40
Alternative III = 1.0
Alternative III should be selected.
2
2)
Given the matrix of outcomes in the table below for alternatives and attributes, what
conclusions can be drawn using the satisficing and dominance methods?
Attributes Alternative I Alternative II Alternative III Acceptable Range
A85 100 55 60–100
B 7 5 2 5–10
CGood Good Excellent Good–Excellent
D16 18 418–20
E$29,000 $19,000 $24,000 $10,000–$30,000
2)
Answer:
Satisficing: Only Alternative II is acceptable
Dominance: A conclusion cannot be drawn.
Explanation:
Satisficing:
Attribute A: Alternatives I and II are acceptable: 60 A
100
Attribute B: Alternatives I and II are acceptable: 5
B
10
Attribute C: All alternatives are acceptable: Good
C
Excellent
Attribute D: Only Alternative II is acceptable: 18
D 10
Attribute E: All alternatives are acceptable: $10,000 E $30,000
Only Alternative II is acceptable because it is the only one whose attributes all
lie in acceptable ranges.
Dominance:
The results of the pair–comparisons are shown below. No alternative
dominates the other two alternatives. A conclusion cannot be drawn based on
the dominance method.
Attributes II Vs I III Vs II III Vs I
AII > I II > III I > III
BI > II II > III I > III
CEqual III > II III > I
DII > I II > III I > III
EII > I II > III III > I
3)
Upon her graduation, Britney wants to buy her first car. Given the matrix of outcomes and
rank of importance in the table below for alternatives and attributes, use the satisficing,
dominance, disjunctive resolution, and lexicography methods to counsel Britney on her
choice.
Attributes Rank*
(1–most important) Model
IModel
II Model
III Acceptable
Range
Price 1$25,000 $24,000 $22,000 $22,000–$24,000
Aesthetic appeal 468 78 88 68–88
Gas mileage 222.8 23.5 25.5 24–25.5
Luggage space 5Fair Good Excellent Good–Excellent
Performance on road 378 85 87 85–100
3)
Answer:
Satisficing: Only Model III is acceptable.
Dominance: Model III is selected.
Disjunctive resolution: All models are acceptable.
Lexicography: Model III is selected based on highest ranked attribute (Price).
3
Explanation:
Satisficing:
Price: Models II and III are acceptable: $22,000 Price $24,000
Aesthetic appeal: All models are acceptable: 68
Aesthetic appeal88
Gas mileage: Only Model III is acceptable: 24 Gas mileage 25.5
Luggage Space: Models II and III are acceptable: Good Luggage space
Excellent
Performance on road: Models II and III are acceptable: 85
Performance
100
Only Model III is acceptable because it is the only one whose attributes all lie in
acceptable ranges.
Dominance:
The results of the pair–comparisons are shown below. Model II dominates
Model I. Thus, Model I is discarded. When comparing Model III to Model II,
Model III dominates Model II. Therefore, Model III is selected.
Attributes II Vs I III Vs II
Price (cheaper is better) II > I III > II
Aesthetic appeal II > I III > II
Gas mileage II > I III > II
Luggage space II > I III > II
Performance on road II > I III > II
Disjunctive resolution:
All models are acceptable because they are acceptable in at least one attribute.
Lexicography:
The rank is given as: Price > Gas mileage > Performance on road > Aesthetic
appeal > Luggage space. The selection, based on highest ranked attribute
(Price), would be Model III. Because all alternatives meet at least one
acceptability range, no alternatives are rejected.
4)
A leading fashion magazine is planning for its first swimsuit cover of this year. Three
swimsuit models are nominated in the meeting. The editor has developed the matrix of
outcomes for each model and their attributes in the table below. Demonstrate what the
editor can conclude using each of the dominance, satisficing, disjunctive resolution,
lexicography, and additive weighting methods.
Attributes Weight Model A Model B Model C Acceptable Range
Model fee 0.33 $30,000 $29,000 $31,500 $29,000–$35,000
Disposition 0.18 89 96 94 94–100
Quality of shooting portfolios 0.28 89 96 94 89–100
Physical attributes 0.48 92 93 91 92–100
Popularity 0.26 86 96 87 87–100
4)
Answer:
Model B should be selected based on the dominance, satisficing, disjunctive
resolution, lexicography, and additive weighting methods.
4
Explanation:
Satisficing:
Fee: All models are acceptable: $29,000
fee
$35,000
Disposition: Models B and Model C are acceptable: 94 disposition 100
Quality: All models are acceptable: 89 quality 100
Physical: Models A and Model B are acceptable: 92 physical 100
Popularity: Models B and Model C are acceptable: 87
popularity
100
Only Model B is acceptable because it is the only one whose attributes all lie in
acceptable ranges.
Dominance:
The results of the pair–comparisons are shown below. Model B dominates
Model A. Thus, Model A is dropped. When comparing Model C to Model B,
Model B dominates Model C. Therefore, Model B should be selected.
Attributes B Vs A C Vs B
Model fee (lower is better) B > A B > C
Disposition B > A B > C
Quality of shooting portfolios B > A B > C
Physical attributes B > A B > C
Popularity B > A B > C
Disjunctive resolution:
All models are acceptable because they are acceptable in at least one attribute.
Lexicography:
The rank is given according to weight as: Physical attributes > Fee > Quality of
portfolio > Popularity > Disposition. The selection, based on highest–ranked
attribute (Physical attributes), would be Model B. Because all alternatives meet
at least one acceptability range, no models are rejected.
Additive weighting:
For model fee, Rating =WorstOutcome – EvalutedOutcome
WorstOutcome – BestOutcome
For other attributes, Rating =EvaluatedOutcome – WorstOutcome
BestOutcome – WorstOutcome
The calculated dimensionless values are shown below.
Attributes Weight Normalized Weight Model A Model B Model C
Model fee 0.33 0.33/1.53 =0.2157 0.60 1.00 0.00
Disposition 0.18 0.18/1.53 =0.1176 0.00 1.00 0.71
Quality of shooting
portfolios 0.28 0.28/1.53 =0.1830 0.00 1.00 0.71
Physical attributes 0.48 0.48/1.53 =0.3137 0.50 1.00 0.00
Popularity 0.26 0.26/1.53 =0.1699 0.00 1.00 0.10
Total 1.53 1.00 1.10 5.00 1.53
Model A = (0.2157)(0.6) + (0.3137)(0.50)
=0.29
Model B = (0.2157)(1) + (0.1176)(1) + (0.1830)(1) + (0.3137)(1) + (0.1699)(1)
5
= 1.0
Model C = (0.1176)(0.71) + (0.1830)(0.71) + (0.1699)(0.1)
=0.23
Model B should be selected.
5)
David recently accepted a job in Florida and wants to buy a new condominium. The
matrix of possible outcomes is given in the table below. What can David conclude using
nondimensional scaling and additive weighting?
Attributes Weight Alternative
IAlternative
II Alternative
III Acceptable Range
Price 0.30 $220,000 $270,000 $320,000 $220,000–$320,000
Outside view 0.20 9 8 7 8–10
Distance from work 0.25 11 21 36 11–21
Neighborhood 0.10 Good Fair Excellent Good–Excellent
Expected increase in property
value at the end of 5 years 0.15 19%11%16%11%–$16
5)
Answer:
Alternative I should be selected based on both the nondimensional scaling and
additive weighting methods.
Explanation:
Non–dimensional scaling:
For Price and Distance from work,
Rating =WorstOutcome – EvalutedOutcome
WorstOutcome – BestOutcome
For Outside view, Neighborhood, and Expected increase in property value,
Rating =EvaluatedOutcome – WorstOutcome
BestOutcome – WorstOutcome
For Neighborhood, assumed Fair =1, Good =2 and Excellent = 3.
The calculated dimensionless values are shown below.
Attributes Weight Alternative
IAlternative
II Alternative
III
Price 0.3 1.00 0.50 0.00
Outside view 0.2 1.00 0.50 0.00
Distance from work 0.25 1.00 0.60 0.00
Neighborhood 0.1 0.50 0.00 1.00
Expected increase in property
value at the end of 5 years 0.15 1.00 0.00 0.63
Total 4.50 1.60 1.63
Alternative I should be selected.
Additive weighting: (Given weights x dimensionless value)
Alternative I =0.95
Alternative II =0.40
Alternative III =0.19
Alternative I should be selected.
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Answer Key
Testname: C14
1)
Alternative III should be selected based on the satisficing, nondimensional scaling, and additive weighting methods.
2)
Satisficing: Only Alternative II is acceptable
Dominance: A conclusion cannot be drawn.
3)
Satisficing: Only Model III is acceptable.
Dominance: Model III is selected.
Disjunctive resolution: All models are acceptable.
Lexicography: Model III is selected based on highest ranked attribute (Price).
4)
Model B should be selected based on the dominance, satisficing, disjunctive resolution, lexicography, and additive
weighting methods.
5)
Alternative I should be selected based on both the nondimensional scaling and additive weighting methods.