stage?
a. first
b. second
c. third
d. fourth
Answer: A
21. Which statement regarding the acceptance phase of cultural shock is
incorrect?
a. You feel at home in the new culture.
b. You cultivate friendships among the nationals.
c. You adapt to and become involved in activities of the culture.
d. You respect their customs but realize you will forget about them
as soon as you return to your home country.
22. The “fight back” technique refers to
a. learning to cope with the lack of things you are accustomed to
such as central heating or air conditioning.
b. making disparaging remarks about the culture you are visiting
during the second stage of cultural shock.
c. developing behaviors of drinking or drug use during the second
stage of cultural shock.
d. the third phase of cultural shock when you begin to accept the new
culture.
23. Bennett’s Platinum Rule states:
a. do unto others as you would have them do unto you.
b. do unto others as they would have done unto them.
c. do unto others before they do unto you.
d. he who holds the gold makes the rules.
24. Which training model combines cognitive, affective, and behavioral
aspect of training?
a. area training model
b. cultural awareness model
c. interaction approach
d. multidimensional approach
25. Which statement about social class is incorrect?
a. While visiting most cultures, U.S. persons are forced into the
lower class of the culture and feel ill at ease in this role.
b. Many U.S. citizens prefer to believe that no social class exists
in the United States.
c. The obvious existence of social class in other societies makes
most U.S. Americans quite uncomfortable.
d. In many cultures, distinctions are made between acceptable and
unacceptable friends.
26. Which statement comparing U.S. and Asian cultures is not true with
regard to the Johari Window dimensions?
a. U.S. citizens reveal their attitudes and opinions to a larger
extent than do persons from the Asian culture.
b. Japanese people have more rigid boundaries between the public and
private self than do U.S. Americans.
c. The Japanese use more nonverbal communication such as touch than
do people of the United States
d. U.S. Americans should avoid prying questions when communicating
with the Japanese.
27. Which statement regarding reentry shock is incorrect?
a. This phase may also be called reverse cultural shock.
b. Reentry shock is typically shorter than cultural shock, but may
vary depending on the adjustment made in the foreign country.
c. For the expatriates, transition to home culture is short and
usually problem-free.
d. Children of expatriates may encounter readjustment problems when
they find that the education they received abroad is not
comparable to that of U.S. schools.
28. Engholm defines AsiaShock as including all of the following except
a. racism, including the unflattering labeling of Asians as Japs.
b. intermingling with the people of the culture in order to
understand customs.
c. unwillingness to understand the rationale behind local ways of
doing things.
d. forming foreign clubs to commiserate about the difficulty of doing
business in Asia.
29. Which intercultural training approach includes a comparison of values
and behaviors of people in the home country and the host country?
a. information or fact-oriented training
b. attribution training
c. cultural awareness approach
d. interaction approach
30. Many multinational firms find that cultural shock can be alleviated by
a. sending only top executives abroad.
b. sending only young, single associates on overseas assignments.
c. testing associates to see who is most qualified.
d. selecting employees for overseas assignments who possess certain
personal and professional qualifications.
31. Some international firms spend much time in college recruiting because
a. they are looking for candidates who already have such
qualifications as language proficiency and overseas experience.
b. they are looking for young, naive individuals who are less likely
to experience stress when leaving their home country.
c. college students are more likely to have characteristics such as
adaptability, flexibility and empathy than older persons.
d. students lack negative experiences that would influence their
decisions about going abroad for business.
32. Which statement about the “fable of equality” in the United States is
incorrect?
a. Some believe class in the United States is related to money.
b. Some believe that class is related to education.
c. Some believe class is indicated by one’s values, style, and
behavior.
d. U.S. Americans readily accept the obvious existence of social
class in other societies.
33. When selecting persons for overseas assignments, which attribute is
least desired?
a. flexibility
b. apathy
c. tolerance of ambiguity
d. high self-esteem
1. Language holds us together as groups and differentiates us into groups.
2. Number usage problems in global written communications include the use
of decimal points.
3. Men and women in the United States have different modes of discourse.
4. People in the United States with good educational backgrounds speak in a
similar manner regardless of the region of the country.
5. Verbal dueling can be mistaken for an argumentative and disagreeable
situation.
6. The Japanese language teaches people to think in a linear mode.
7. Repartee is a favorite form of interaction for Arabs.
8. Learning a second language does not distort or change a person’s
perspective.
9. Low-context languages tend to be very indirect and nonverbal.
10. Subjective interpretation is learned through enculturation.
11. Linear language is circular, subjective, and tradition oriented.
12. The Chinese language poses special difficulties when it comes to
homonyms.
13. A conversation taboo in Germany is politics.
14. The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis is associated with linguistic determination.
15. Linguistic relativity is the idea of language shaping what people
consider to be reality.
16. Parables and proverbs deal with truths simply and concretely and teach
the listener a lesson.
17. The primary difference between an argot and a foreign language is the
relationship between the implied and the unimplied meanings.
18. Bernstein’s Hypothesis involves restricted and elaborated codes.
19. Language is important because it
a. helps us shape concepts, controls how we think, and controls how
we perceive others.
b. allows us to be understood by foreigners.
c. is determined by colonialism.
d. is stable, easily understood, and free of diversity.
20. Which of the following countries uses high-context language?
a. Canada
b. Germany
c. Japan
d. United States
21. Which of the following terms regarding subjective interpretation is
incorrect?
a. It is influenced by personal judgment, state of mind, or
temperament of the person.
b. It is not influenced by cultural contact.
c. We perceive what is relevant to our physical and social survival.
d. Relevant information is categorized, sorted, and stored for future
use.
22. The term “jargon” refers to
a. inoffensive expressions that are used in place of offensive words.
b. competitive conversations that are generally in jest.
c. technical terminology used within specialized groups.
d. nonverbal signals that are believed over what is actually said.
23. Slang is generally
a. understood by everyone.
b. spoken by the masses.
c. easily translated.
d. used by subgroups.
24. Red tape is an example of
a. slang.
b. an acronym.
c. a homonym.
d. an idiom.
25. Another word for gamesmanship would be
a. idiom.
b. verbal dueling.
c. argument.
d. repartee.
26. “The part was found defective, and it was determined that there is a
defect in the button causing it not to fit into the chassis.” This
statement is an example of a
a. linear explanation.
b. verbose explanation.
c. nonlinear explanation.
d. why explanation.
27. Which of the following would be an example of a translation problem?
a. Using the intention of the speaker rather than the actual words in
the translation.
b. Qualifying slang terms.
c. Not translating conversation taboos.
d. Using a word for which no exact word or concept is available in
the second language.
28. A Group Decision Support System is a
a. software package used for group meetings and allows multilingual
communication.
b. management program for distribution control.
c. pocket translator.
d. probability package used by managers to determine the best
possible decision alternative.
29. A good interpreter will be
a. bilingual, familiar with both business cultures, and employed by
one of the businesses.
b. bicultural, bilingual, and familiar with both business cultures.
c. bicultural and an employee of the visiting business.
d. bicultural, bilingual, and employed by the host business.
30. Which of the following topics would be considered a conversation taboo
in Mexico?
a. history
b. family
c. politics
d. social concerns
31. Which of the following is an example of argot?
a. bloke (meaning man)
b. smoky (meaning highway patrol)
c. bad (meaning the best)
d. lifeboat (meaning a pardon)
32. The main idea of the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis is that
a. language is just a device for reporting a person’s experience.
b. two languages can represent the same social reality.
c. the social reality can be conveyed to a person who does not speak
the language.
d. language functions as a way of shaping a person’s experience.
33. According to the Bernstein Hypothesis, all of the following statements
are true except:
a. Culture, subculture, social context, and social system are all a
part of the social structure.
b. Speech emerges in one of two codes.
c. Elaborated codes include highly predictable messages.
d. Communication transmission channels used in the restricted code
would be oral, nonverbal, and paralinguistic.
1. Most people in the United States use the indirect method of reasoning to
solve problems.
2. Making quick decisions is the sign of an effective manager in Japan
while it is often viewed as impulsive in the United States.
3. Paralanguage conveys emotions.
4. Chronemics is the intentional or unintentional implied meaning of a
message.
5. The United States is a culture that follows the monochronic time system.
6. Reading a journal during a meeting in cultures which follow a
polychronic time system is considered rude.
7. People of the United States tend to need less space than do those of the
Greek or Latin American cultures.
8. Arab cultures have a casual attitude toward time; they believe God
decides when things get accomplished.
9. The Chinese prefer face-to-face seating arrangements when conversing.
10. In the Middle East, prolonged eye contact with women is considered
inappropriate.
11. In the United States, eye contact is a sign of respect and
attentiveness.
12. Nonverbal leakage often occurs in the legs and feet as these areas are
more difficult to control.
13. Placing a hand on the back of an Asian worker’s chair is appropriate.
14. The use of the hands and arms are the most expressive types of body
language.
15. U.S. businessmen use silence as a bargaining tool when negotiating with
the Japanese.
16. While black symbolizes mourning in the United States, white is often
worn to Japanese funerals.
17. Such objects as clothing are more important nonverbal communicators
within one’s culture than between cultures.
18. Signs are usually simpler than symbols.
19. Most symbols are widely recognized by people of both a country’s
macroculture and microcultures.
20. Which statement referring to thought patterns is incorrect?
a. Asians typically use the inductive method of reasoning.
b. Thought patterns impact oral communication.
c. When using the deductive method of reasoning, one starts with the
facts and goes to generalizations.
d. Recognizing different thought patterns is important in negotiation
with different cultures.
21. Which term refers to rate, volume, and quality that interrupts or
temporarily takes the place of speech and affects the meaning of a
message?
a. chronemics
b. oculesics
c. proxemics
d. paralanguage
22. Which statement does not reflect the intimate zone?
a. the most formal zone
b. less than 18 inches
c. reserved for very close friends
d. entered when shaking hands
23. People from cultures that follow the monochronic time system tend to
a. do one thing at a time.
b. be committed to people.
c. borrow and lend things often.
d. build lifetime relationships.
24. Nonverbal communication does not include
a. chromatics.
b. chronemics.
c. haptics.
d. semantics.
25. Which term refers to gaze and eye contact?
a. chronemics
b. monochronic
c. oculesics
d. olfactics
26. Which term refers to communicating through the use of bodily contact?
a. kinesics
b. haptics
c. olfactics
d. proxemics
27. Which of the following does not belong in the “don’t touch” category?
a. England
b. Japan
c. Middle East countries
d. United States
28. Which of the following statements related to space is incorrect?
a. In the United States, the social zone is used for interacting
impersonally in business situations.
b. In the United States, offices on the fourth floor have more status
than those on the first floor.
c. French top-level executives have private offices.
d. The Japanese do not consider private offices appropriate.
29. Which statement regarding oculesics is incorrect?
a. People in the United States do not favor direct eye contact.
b. People in China lower their eyes as a sign of respect.
c. The Japanese direct their gaze below the chin.
d. Eye contact is very intense in the Middle East.
30. Which statement concerning haptics is incorrect?
a. Touching may be interpreted as a form of sexual harassment.
b. Some cultures are more comfortable with bodily contact than
others.
c. Japan is considered a “touch” culture.
d. In the Middle East, avoid touching someone with your left hand.
31. Which statement relating to chromatics is incorrect?
a. Chromatics can have negative and positive connotations.
b. Americans and Japanese both wear black to funerals.
c. Brides in India often wear red or yellow.
d. In China, a green hat signifies that your wife or sister is a
prostitute.
32. Which statement is incorrect?
a. Costly business blunders are often the result of a lack of
knowledge of another culture’s nonverbal communication patterns.
b. Processes of reasoning and problem solving are the same in all
cultures.
c. Attitudes toward time and use of space convey nonverbal messages
in intercultural encounters.
d. When in another culture, an appropriate caution would be to watch
the behavior of the persons you are talking with and match their
style.
33. Which statement is incorrect?
a. Knowing cultural variations in the use of silence is helpful when
conversing with persons in another culture.
b. Determining cultural meanings associated with various colors is
advised to assure that nonverbal messages associated with color
are positive ones.
c. Good advice when communicating with persons in other cultures is
to keep gestures to a minimum.
d. Although oral communication varies from culture to culture,
nonverbal communication is almost always interpreted the same in
each culture.
1. English is the only language used in international business.
2. Understanding how business communication is taught in other countries is
helpful when communicating interculturally.
3. Communication theory is taught in all countries.
4. Many business communication courses in countries other than the United
States are simply translation courses.
5. International English is used only by businesspeople that practice
English as a second language.
6. Even if the language is common to both cultures, one culture may
restrict the meaning of certain words.
7. Words that draw mental pictures for the reader are good to use.
8. U.S. business letters use the “you approach.”
9. Germans use salutations similar to those used in the United States.
10. Generally, the Japanese begin letters with a nonbusiness topic such as
the weather.
11. In their business letters, the French do not usually apologize for
mistakes.
12. In letters to people of other cultures, it is a good idea to use first
names in the salutations.
13. In email messages to international colleagues, avoid dwelling on
cultural differences.
14. Facsimile transmissions are more dependable than mail service in many
countries.
15. The German résumé is a complete history of a person’s education, work,
social, and family life.
16. Brazilian résumés are quite different from U.S. résumés.
17. Getting a position in China is not easy.
18. Résumés of one to two pages are common in Mexico.
19. Three cultural factors that are important to effective communication
include:
a. understanding the business communication in the other culture,
knowledge of how business communication is taught in the other
culture, and knowing that content errors are more difficult to
discern than language errors.
b. understanding the business communication in the other culture,
knowing that syntactic errors are important, and a second language
makes errors easier to detect.
c. knowledge of how business communication is taught in the other
culture, knowing that syntactic errors are important, and a second
language makes errors easier to detect.
d. knowing that content errors are more difficult to discern than
language errors, understanding the business communication in the
other culture, and a second language makes errors easier to
detect.
20. The French would write a date as follows:
a. September 25, 2—
b. Paris, le 25 septembre 2—
c. 9/25/2—
d. 25th of September, 2—
21. Which of the following statements is correct?
a. Latin Americans use a buffer when delivering bad news.
b. German letters tend to be informal.
c. French letter endings tend to be rather formal.
d. Japanese letters avoid bad news.
22. “The season for cherry blossoms is here with us and everybody is
beginning to feel refreshed” is an appropriate beginning for a letter
written by persons from which of the following countries?
a. France
b. Germany
c. Japan
d. Latin America
23. Which culture types the surnames in business letters in all capital
letters?
a. French
b. German
c. Japanese
d. Latin American
24. For these cultures the surname is placed before the given name:
a. Russian and Polish
b. Japanese and Chinese
c. Chinese and Indian
d. Russian and Japanese
25. Which of the following statements concerning e-mail messages to
international colleagues is incorrect?
a. Use phrases such as “hello” in the customer’s language.
b. Avoid asking questions starting with the word “why.”
c. Use primarily compound and complex sentences.
d. Apologize when a mistake has been made even though you do not
think you are at fault.
26. Which of the following statements related to e-mail is incorrect?
a. Messages should be responded to within 48 hours.
b. Messages should be kept to two screens.
c. An inside address is not used.
d. Devising an electronic signature is recommended.
27. The résumé in the United States
a. is longer than those in Great Britain.