Essentials of Organizational Behavior, 12e (Robbins/Judge)
Chapter 5 Personality and Values
1) According to Gordon Allport, ________ is/are defined as “the dynamic organization within
the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine his unique adjustments to his
environment.”
A) values
B) beliefs
C) personality
D) attitudes
E) perceptions
2) ________ is the sum total of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others.
A) Talent
B) Skill
C) Knowledge
D) Intelligence
E) Personality
3) Which of the following statements is true about personality?
A) Personality is independent of environmental factors.
B) Personality is static.
C) The most common means of measuring personality is through personal interviews.
D) Personality is not affected by hereditary factors.
E) Personality is the sum total of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others.
4) The most common means of measuring personality is through ________.
A) in-depth interviews
B) self-report surveys
C) focus groups
D) case studies
E) factor analysis
5) According to research, which of the following factors is most likely to influence personality?
A) education
B) heredity
C) friends
D) moods
E) economic background
6) According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the
“________” type are practical and prefer routine and order.
A) sensing
B) introverted
C) feeling
D) perceiving
E) extraverted
7) According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the
“________” type are flexible and spontaneous.
A) thinking
B) extraverted
C) introverted
D) feeling
E) perceiving
8) According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the
“judging” type ________.
A) are quiet and shy
B) rely on unconscious processes and look at the “big picture”
C) want control and prefer their world to be ordered and structured
D) are outgoing, sociable, and assertive
E) rely on their personal values and emotions
9) According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the
“intuitive” type ________.
A) are flexible and spontaneous
B) are outgoing, sociable, and assertive
C) rely on unconscious processes and look at the “big picture”
D) want control and prefer their world to be ordered and structured
E) rely on their personal values and emotions
10) According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to
the ________ type are visionaries. They usually have original minds and great drive for their
own ideas and purposes. They are skeptical, critical, independent, determined, and often
stubborn.
A) ESTJ
B) INTJ
C) ENTP
D) ISTJ
E) ESFP
11) The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator classifies people in all of the following categories except
________.
A) extraverted/introverted
B) sensing/intuitive
C) perceiving/judging
D) independent/dependent
E) thinking/feeling
12) What does the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator classification of “E or I” stand for?
A) extraverted/intuitive
B) emotional/introverted
C) extraverted/introverted
D) emotional/intuitive
E) empathetic/innovative
13) What does the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator classification of “S or N” stand for?
A) sensing/intuitive
B) social/thinking
C) stable/informative
D) sensitive/thinking
E) stable/innovative
14) An individual who is described as an ESTJ (Extraverted, Sensing, Thinking, Judging) on the
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator can be best described as a(n) ________.
A) visionary
B) conceptualizer
C) innovator
D) organizer
E) leader
15) You wish to hire a person who is innovative, individualistic, versatile, and entrepreneurial.
Candidates for this position would ideally have ________ classification on the Myers-Briggs
Type Indicator.
A) INTJ
B) ESTJ
C) ENTP
D) ISFP
E) ESTP
16) The ________ is the most widely used personality assessment instrument in the world.
A) Rokeach value survey
B) Raymond Cattell 16 Personality Factors model
C) Thematic Apperception test
D) Big Five personality model
E) Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
17) What is the major problem with the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator as a measure of
personality?
A) It is very difficult to administer.
B) It forces a person to be categorized as either one type or another.
C) It does not include enough dimensions to differentiate all the variety of human personality.
D) It tends to overemphasize intuitive personality traits over analytical personality traits.
E) It does not clearly classify a person into any single type.
18) Which of the following is not one of the five factors included in the Big Five model?
A) agreeableness
B) conscientiousness
C) intuitiveness
D) emotional stability
E) extraversion
19) Which dimension of the Big Five model refers to an individual’s propensity to defer to
others?
A) conscientiousness
B) agreeableness
C) extraversion
D) openness to experience
E) emotional stability
20) According to the Big Five Model, a person who scores ________ is easily distracted,
disorganized, and unreliable.
A) low on emotional stability
B) high on openness to experience
C) low on agreeableness
D) high on extraversion
E) low on conscientiousness
21) According to the Big Five Model, people who score high on the ________ dimension are
creative, curious, and artistically sensitive.
A) emotional stability
B) extraversion
C) openness to experience
D) agreeableness
E) conscientiousness
22) According to the Big Five Model, a highly conscientious person is most likely to be
________.
A) gregarious, assertive, and sociable
B) nervous, anxious, depressed, and insecure
C) creative, curious, and artistically sensitive
D) responsible, organized, dependable, and persistent
E) reserved, timid, and quiet
23) Which dimension of the Big Five model is a measure of reliability?
A) extraversion
B) agreeableness
C) conscientiousness
D) openness to experience
E) emotional stability
24) Marina loves to visit a new country every year. Her hobbies are visiting museums, painting,
traveling, and learning new languages. Which dimension of the Big Five model best describes
Marina, according to her hobbies?
A) extraversion
B) agreeableness
C) conscientiousness
D) openness to experience
E) emotional stability
25) ________ is as important for managers as for front-line employees and among all big five
traits, this trait is most consistently related to job performance.
A) Extraversion
B) Agreeableness
C) Conscientiousness
D) Emotional stability
E) Openness to experience
26) The ________ dimension of the Big Five Model addresses range of interests and fascination
with novelty.
A) agreeableness
B) conscientiousness
C) openness to experience
D) extraversion
E) emotional stability
27) Which of the following Big Five traits is most strongly related to life satisfaction, job
satisfaction, and low stress levels?
A) emotional stability
B) extraversion
C) openness to experience
D) agreeableness
E) conscientiousness
28) With reference to the Big Five Model, which of the following statements is true regarding
highly agreeable people?
A) They tend to do better in interpersonally oriented jobs such as customer service.
B) They are less compliant and less rule abiding than those who score low on agreeableness.
C) They are more likely to engage in organizational deviance.
D) They are excellent negotiators.
E) They are especially susceptible to workplace accidents.
29) Which of the following differentiates introverts from extraverts?
A) As compared to extraverts, introverts tend to be happier in their jobs and in their lives as a
whole.
B) Introverts are more socially dominant than extraverts.
C) Introverts experience more positive emotions than extraverts.
D) Introverts are generally more assertive than extraverts.
E) Introverts are less impulsive than extraverts.
30) Why are agreeable people usually less successful in their careers?
A) They aren’t happy in their lives.
B) They aren’t liked by superiors.
C) They don’t make many friends.
D) They don’t negotiate well.
E) They are prone to impulsive behavior.
31) Which of the following terms indicates the degree to which people like or dislike
themselves?
A) core self-evaluation
B) authoritarianism
C) self-monitoring
D) Machiavellianism
E) agreeableness
32) Which of the following statements is true about people with positive core self-evaluations?
A) They set ambitious goals.
B) They lack persistence.
C) They tend to question their capabilities.
D) They view themselves as powerless over their environment.
E) They are less popular co-workers than those with negative core self-evaluation.
33) Which of the following personality traits indicates the degree to which a person is
unemotional and pragmatic and believes that ends can justify means?
A) core self-evaluation
B) Machiavellianism
C) Type A personality
D) self-monitoring
E) narcissism
34) A high Mach would be most suited for which of the following positions?
A) a manager who leads a team of geographically distant consultants
B) a human resources manager who ensures staff firings do not place the company in legal
jeopardy
C) an ombudsman who investigates consumer complaints and mediates their outcome
D) an auditor who checks that all company accounts are kept properly
E) a real estate broker negotiating the lease of large amounts of office space
35) During an annual review, Michel made the following assertion: “When I look at myself and
my performance, I see that what I have achieved is outstanding and has, not surprisingly, won
me the admiration and envy of most of my colleagues. I notice that everyone keeps talking about
me; they are all just waiting to find out what triumph I will pull off next! In short, I don’t just
deserve a raise, but need one, since without me, let’s face it, the place would simply fall apart.”
Which of the following personality traits best describes Michel’s personality?
A) Type A personality
B) external locus of control
C) high-self monitoring
D) narcissistic
E) high Machiavellianism
36) High Machs ________ than do low machs.
A) manipulate less
B) perform better in situations that have several rules and regulations
C) win less
D) are persuaded less
E) persuade others less
37) Individuals scoring ________ are highly sensitive to external cues and can behave differently
in different situations.
A) low on Machiavellianism
B) high on narcissism
C) low on agreeableness
D) high on self-monitoring
E) high on conscientiousness
38) Individuals high in self-monitoring ________.
A) show considerable adaptability in adjusting their behavior to external situational factors
B) are pragmatic, maintain emotional distance, and believe ends can justify means
C) have a grandiose sense of self-importance, require excessive admiration, and are arrogant
D) are easily distracted, disorganized, and unreliable
E) tend to dislike themselves and view themselves as powerless over their environment
39) As compared to high self-monitors, low self-monitors ________.
A) tend to be more mobile in their careers
B) pay closer attention to the behavior of others
C) receive better performance ratings
D) are less likely to emerge as leaders
E) show less commitment to their organizations
40) Which of the following statements best describes the traits of people having a proactive
personality?
A) They identify opportunities, show initiative, take action, and persevere until meaningful
change occurs.
B) They naturally seem to think about other people a lot, being concerned about their well-being
and feelings.
C) They make more rapid decisions and use less information than the low risk takers do.
D) They tend to display their true dispositions and attitudes in every situation and express
behavioral inconsistency.
E) They are more charismatic and thus are more likely to emerge as leaders and display better
psychological health.
41) Keara thinks a lot about the people she works with. She is very much concerned about
helping those who had helped her in the past. Which of the following statements best describes
Keara’s personality?
A) She has a high level of other-orientation.
B) She has a high level of narcissism.
C) She has a high level of self-monitoring.
D) She has a high level of risk-taking.
E) She has a high level of Machiavellianism.
42) Which of the following statements is not true regarding values?
A) They are partly determined by our genetically transmitted traits.
B) They tend to be relatively stable and enduring.
C) They have both content and intensity attributes.
D) They carry an individual’s ideas as to what is right, good, or desirable.
E) There is no substantial variability in values across cultures.
43) Those with a ________ personality identify opportunities, show initiative, take action, and
persevere until meaningful change occurs, compared to others who passively react to situations.
A) high self-monitoring
B) proactive
C) high Mach
D) low other-orientation
E) narcissist
44) Which of the following terms describes basic convictions that “a specific mode of conduct or
end-state of existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite mode of conduct?”
A) values
B) attitudes
C) affects
D) customs
E) traditions
45) When we rank an individual’s values in order of their ________, we obtain the person’s value
system.
A) intensity
B) content
C) context
D) social acceptance
E) social needs
46) Milton Rokeach created the Rokeach Value Survey (RVS). It consists of two sets of values,
________ values and ________ values.
A) instrumental; terminal
B) critical; judgmental
C) flexible; essential
D) essential; unconscious
E) conscious; unconscious
47) According to the Rokeach Value Survey, ________ values refer to desirable end-states.
A) essential
B) instrumental
C) critical
D) flexible
E) terminal
48) According to the Rokeach Value Survey, ________ values refer to preferable modes of
behavior.
A) terminal
B) critical
C) instrumental
D) essential
E) flexible