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Chapter 8 – Sixteenth-Century Art
Multiple Choice Questions
1. In Soami’s Dry garden of the Daisenin of Daitokuji, the waterless boulders, stones,
and gravel suggest a course of water:
a. racing along a mountain riverbed.
b. falling over a waterfall.
c. flowing into a broad river.
d. all of these.
e. none of these.
2. The response of the Roman Catholic Church to the Reformation, known as the
Counter-Reformation, was planned between 1545 and 1563 at the:
a. Peace of Augsburg.
b. Council of Trent.
c. Synod of Wittenburg.
d. all of these.
e. none of these.
3. Leonardo became famous for his ability to:
a. create a sense of mystery.
b. gently model through careful blending.
c. represent subtle shadows.
d. all of these.
e. none of these.
4. In what way(s) does Albrecht Dürer’s Adam and Eve reveal his contact with Italian
Renaissance art?
a. placement of Greek temples in the background
b. subtle coloring in imitation of Raphael
c. use of antique models for the figures
d. all of these
e. none of these
5. In Michelangelo’s Creation of Adam fresco, what aspect suggests the vital energy soon
to be released?
a. Adam’s powerfully muscled figure
b. the lightning bolt streaking across the sky
c. Adam’s laurel crown
d. all of these
e. none of these
6. On the interior of Bosch’s Garden of Earthly Delights triptych, the wings show:
a. a vision of Hell.
b. the creation of Eve.
c. God the Father.
d. the Garden of Eden.
e. all of these.
7. Grünewald’s Isenheim Altarpiece was painted for the chapel of a monastic hospital that
specialized in treating:
a. dangerous Christian mystics.
b. patients with skin diseases.
c. renegade Catholic converts.
d. all of these.
e. none of these.
8. Titian’s Madonna of the Pesaro Family was innovative in Renaissance art because of its:
a. vanishing point seen only from above.
b. tight tempera linearity.
c. asymmetrical composition.
d. all of these.
e. none of these.
9. The Mannerist qualities in Michelangelo’s The Last Judgment are believed to result
from:
a. the leaden psychological climate of Rome.
b. the Reformation.
c. the brutal sack of Rome in 1527.
d. all of these.
e. none of these.
10. In the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries in Japan, the arts were inspired by the Zen
Buddhist apprehension of the spiritual identity of all things and by aesthetic standards
that stressed:
a. allusiveness.
b. restraint.
c. subtlety.
d. all of these.
e. none of these.
Fill–in–the-Blank Questions
11. In Michelangelo’s Florence Pietà, the normal Renaissance harmony is broken by the
unstable composition and the ____________.
12. Mannerist artists sought to create ____________ and ____________ constructions to
demonstrate their intellectual and technical virtuosity and the sophistication of their
patrons.
13. In most printmaking media, the surface of the print form can be re-inked to produce
a number of additional prints, called a(n) ____________.
14. In Titian’s Venus of Urbino, the identification of the nude female figure as Venus is
supported by symbolism of the ____________ and the ____________.
15. In Brueghel’s Peasant Wedding Feast, the composition is based on the strong right–to–
left ____________ of the table.
True-False Questions
16. The Raft from the Muisca culture of northern South America functioned as a votive
offering.
17. Sophonisba Anguissola is credited with creating a new category of still-life painting.
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18. Pope Julius II commissioned Bramante to build a new St. Peter’s as part of a
campaign to make Rome worthy of its status as the capital of Christendom.
19. Giorgio Vasari considered the art of the Middle Ages to be very worthy and highly
estimable.
20. Brueghel’s December Landscape emphasizes nature by the manner in which the
season, as expressed by the landscape, controls the activities of the peasants.
Short Answer Questions
21. What explains the appearance of the “onion” domes placed on Russian orthodox
22. What political qualities were associated with Michelangelo’s David because of its
being carved in Florence in 1501-04?
23. In Raphael’s Philosophy, what does Aristotle’s right hand gesture with palm down
over the earth mean?
24. Why is Titian’s technique known as having a painterly quality?
25. Why was Veronese’s Last Supper considered so controversial by the Inquisition
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Essay Questions
26. Describe Bramante’s plan for the new St. Peter’s. What was his inspiration, and what
27. Discuss the iconographic scheme for Michelangelo’s painting of the Sistine Chapel