Exam
Name___________________________________
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1)
Performance reports focusing on future project status and progress are called:
1)
A)
performance reports.
B)
progress reports.
C)
forecasting reports.
D)
status reports.
Answer:
C
A)
B)
C)
D)
2)
Peer group reviews of any product created during the systems development process are called:
2)
A)
status meetings.
B)
walkthroughs.
C)
administrative closures.
D)
progress meetings.
Answer:
B
A)
B)
C)
D)
3)
When using synchronous communication, all parties involved are present:
3)
A)
at the same time and the same place.
B)
at different times at the same place.
C)
at the same time but not necessarily at the same place.
D)
at different times and different places.
Answer:
C
A)
B)
C)
D)
4)
Which of the following communication methods provides the least structure?
4)
A)
Telephone
B)
Face–to–face
C)
Instant messenger
D)
E–mail
Answer:
C
A)
B)
C)
D)
5)
You need a richer environment when your communication is:
5)
A)
non–routine.
B)
difficult to accept.
C)
complex.
D)
all of the above.
Answer:
D
A)
B)
C)
D)
1
6)
An electronic meeting facility as the home base is an example of ________ group interaction.
6)
A)
same time, different place
B)
different time, same place
C)
same time, same place
D)
different time, different place
Answer:
B
A)
B)
C)
D)
7)
Within–team communication is typically viewed as:
7)
A)
horizontal communication.
B)
vertical communication.
C)
formal communication.
D)
project communication.
Answer:
A
A)
B)
C)
D)
8)
Routine methods for communication within organizations are called:
8)
A)
vertical communication.
B)
formal communication.
C)
routine communication.
D)
written communication.
Answer:
B
A)
B)
C)
D)
9)
For which of the following is oral communication least effective?
9)
A)
Awareness campaign
B)
Reprimand a team member
C)
Immediate action required
D)
General overview
Answer:
A
A)
B)
C)
D)
10)
A synchronous distributed meeting is an example of ________ group interaction.
10)
A)
same time, same place
B)
different time, different place
C)
same time, different place
D)
different time, same place
Answer:
C
A)
B)
C)
D)
2
11)
Performance reports focusing on what the team has accomplished are called:
11)
A)
status reports.
B)
performance reports.
C)
forecasting reports.
D)
progress reports.
Answer:
D
A)
B)
C)
D)
12)
Listening consists of all BUT:
12)
A)
understanding.
B)
reciting.
C)
remembering.
D)
hearing.
Answer:
B
A)
B)
C)
D)
13)
Noise can impact the message transmission and reception through:
13)
A)
visual interference.
B)
environmental interference.
C)
audio interference.
D)
all of the above.
Answer:
D
A)
B)
C)
D)
14)
A live meeting in an electronic meeting facility is an example of ________ group interaction.
14)
A)
same time, different place.
B)
different time, same place.
C)
different time, different place.
D)
same time, same place.
Answer:
D
A)
B)
C)
D)
15)
Which of the following is NOT part of the four key project communication processes?
15)
A)
Information distribution
B)
Communication planning
C)
Information sharing
D)
Performance reporting
Answer:
C
A)
B)
C)
D)
3
16)
Memos, reports, and letters are examples of:
16)
A)
hardcopy communication.
B)
printed communication.
C)
verbal communication.
D)
written communication.
Answer:
D
A)
B)
C)
D)
17)
A virtual team is an example of ________ group interaction.
17)
A)
different time, different place
B)
same time, different place
C)
different time, same place
D)
same time, same place
Answer:
A
A)
B)
C)
D)
18)
Which of the following is NOT among the guidelines for being a better listener?
18)
A)
Take notes
B)
Listen for themes
C)
Listen without evaluating
D)
Anticipate what will be said
Answer:
D
A)
B)
C)
D)
19)
________ environments support the exchange of verbal and nonverbal cues, rapid feedback, and
are highly personal.
19)
A)
Lean
B)
Broad
C)
Rich
D)
Thick
Answer:
C
A)
B)
C)
D)
20)
Oral communication:
20)
A)
is less formal than written communication.
B)
is fast.
C)
requires little effort to produce.
D)
all of the above.
Answer:
D
A)
B)
C)
D)
4
21)
All of the following are benefits of groupware EXCEPT:
21)
A)
process structuring.
B)
group processing.
C)
parallelism.
D)
group memory.
Answer:
B
A)
B)
C)
D)
22)
In nonverbal communication, information is conveyed by:
22)
A)
body language.
B)
posture.
C)
personal space.
D)
all of the above.
Answer:
D
A)
B)
C)
D)
23)
Information distribution is the execution of the project communication plan and the response to
any ________ requests by stakeholders.
23)
A)
scheduled
B)
ad hoc
C)
planned
D)
exceptional
Answer:
B
A)
B)
C)
D)
24)
Which of the following communication methods has the lowest richness?
24)
A)
Written mail
B)
Synchronous groupware
C)
Telephone
D)
Instant messenger
Answer:
A
A)
B)
C)
D)
25)
Some typical uses for EMS include:
25)
A)
strategic planning sessions.
B)
brainstorming sessions.
C)
marketing focus groups.
D)
all of the above.
Answer:
D
A)
B)
C)
D)
5
26)
Which of the following is NOT among the guidelines for preparing successful presentations?
26)
A)
Be consistent
B)
Keep it simple
C)
Use variety
D)
Use bells and whistles
Answer:
D
A)
B)
C)
D)
27)
Which of the following is an activity to be performed during a meeting?
27)
A)
Circulate finalized minutes
B)
Set the ground rules for discussion
C)
Assign action items to participants
D)
Define the meeting purpose
Answer:
C
A)
B)
C)
D)
28)
Informal communication is bound by all EXCEPT:
28)
A)
conversion.
B)
culture.
C)
convention.
D)
custom.
Answer:
A
A)
B)
C)
D)
29)
All of the following are synchronous communication methods EXCEPT:
29)
A)
electronic mail.
B)
telephone.
C)
video conference.
D)
instant messenger.
Answer:
A
A)
B)
C)
D)
30)
All of the following are roles during a walkthrough presentation EXCEPT:
30)
A)
presenter.
B)
coordinator.
C)
standards oracle.
D)
standards bearer.
Answer:
C
A)
B)
C)
D)
6
31)
One question included in a communication plan is:
31)
A)
where and why written and oral reports will be provided by the team.
B)
where and how written and oral reports will be provided by the team.
C)
when and why written and oral reports will be provided by the team.
D)
when and how written and oral reports will be provided by the team.
Answer:
D
A)
B)
C)
D)
32)
A summary of the overall communication plan can be distributed in the form of a:
32)
A)
project communication matrix.
B)
stakeholder–communication matrix
C)
communication plan summary
D)
matrix organization.
Answer:
A
A)
B)
C)
D)
33)
Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to ineffective meetings?
33)
A)
Political pressures and open agendas
B)
Lack of control
C)
Wrong people in attendance
D)
No agenda
Answer:
A
A)
B)
C)
D)
34)
To make an effective presentation, it must be:
34)
A)
planned.
B)
delivered.
C)
designed.
D)
all of the above.
Answer:
D
A)
B)
C)
D)
35)
Effective communication is:
35)
A)
detailed and time consuming
B)
only done for the higher echelons.
C)
not needed.
D)
fundamental for project success.
Answer:
D
A)
B)
C)
D)
7
36)
What messages will be sent to announce project milestones should be addressed during:
36)
A)
milestone planning.
B)
information distribution.
C)
communication planning.
D)
administrative closure.
Answer:
A
A)
B)
C)
D)
37)
The conservative approach of reviewing each major project activity with continuation contingent
on successful completion of the prior phase is called:
37)
A)
incremental commitment.
B)
walkthrough review.
C)
rolling wave planning.
D)
cone of uncertainty.
Answer:
A
A)
B)
C)
D)
38)
Performance reports focusing on current information about the project are called:
38)
A)
forecasting reports.
B)
progress reports.
C)
performance reports.
D)
status reports.
Answer:
D
A)
B)
C)
D)
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
39)
A ________ ensures that the work product adheres to organizational and technical
standards.
39)
Answer:
standards bearer
40)
The collection and distribution of project performance information to stakeholders so that
they understand the status of the project at any given time period is called ________.
40)
Answer:
performance reporting
41)
Electronic meeting systems are examples of ________.
41)
Answer:
synchronous groupware
42)
Communication templates are specifications that enforce ________ for the appearance and
content of formal project documents.
42)
Answer:
standards
8
43)
A ________ reviews project work in terns of future maintenance needs.
43)
Answer:
maintenance oracle
44)
A(n) ________ occurs when the project or phase has been completed and is a success.
44)
Answer:
natural termination
45)
A(n) ________ occurs when the project is stopped before completion.
45)
Answer:
unnatural termination
46)
________ are reports designed to describe current information about the project..
46)
Answer:
Status reports
47)
The use of integrated telephone, video recording, and playback technologies by two or
more people to interact with each other from remote sites is called ________.
47)
Answer:
videoconferencing
48)
________ is software that enables people to work together more effectively.
48)
Answer:
Groupware
49)
________ is a process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a
common system of symbols, signs, or behavior.
49)
Answer:
Communication
50)
Most project walkthroughs are ________ formal.
50)
Answer:
not rigidly
51)
Information distribution is the execution of the ________ and the response to any ad hoc
information requests by stakeholders.
51)
Answer:
Communication plan
52)
________ involves developing a comprehensive plan for informing project stakeholders
with all relevant information in a timely basis.
52)
Answer:
Communication planning
53)
Information that is conveyed by body language through our posture, hands, facial
expressions, eye contact, and personal space is called ________.
53)
Answer:
nonverbal communication
9
54)
Audio, visual, or environmental interference within the communication process is called
________.
54)
Answer:
noise
55)
________ communication flows among team members or across functional areas within the
same level of an organization.
55)
Answer:
Horizontal
56)
For simple or routine communication, a ________ environment may be adequate.
56)
Answer:
lean
57)
________ environments are highly personal.
57)
Answer:
Rich
58)
Two types of information that are routinely exchanged throughout the project are work
results and the ________.
58)
Answer:
project plan
59)
The extent to which a communication environment allows the exchange of verbal and
nonverbal cues, supports interaction and feedback, and can be personalized to the
communicator is called ________.
59)
Answer:
information richness
60)
Formal communication includes ________ methods of communication within
organizations.
60)
Answer:
routine
61)
Informal communication includes ________ methods of communication within
organizations.
61)
Answer:
ad hoc
62)
One major drawback of oral communication is the ________ as it is passed along to others.
62)
Answer:
ease with which the message can be distorted
63)
Formal communication is typically ________.
63)
Answer:
in writing
10
64)
Listening is an ________ activity that consists of hearing, understanding, remembering,
and acting.
64)
Answer:
active
65)
Lotus Notes is an example of ________.
65)
Answer:
asynchronous groupware
66)
________ is a form of communication where all parties involved need not be available or
present at the same time or the same place.
66)
Answer:
Asynchronous communication
67)
A(n) ________ is a collection of personal computers networked together with sophisticated
software tools to help group members solve problems and make decisions through
interactive, electronic idea generation, evaluation, and voting.
67)
Answer:
electronic meeting system
68)
________ is the exchange of memos, reports, letters, e–mail, instant messaging, and so on
through the use of standard symbols.
68)
Answer:
Written communication
69)
________ are reports designed that make predictions about future status and progress.
69)
Answer:
Forecasting reports
70)
________ communication flows between higher and lower levels within an organization.
70)
Answer:
Vertical
71)
Oral communication is the exchange of ________.
71)
Answer:
spoken words
72)
Suggested changes to a project deliverable are recorded on a walkthrough ________.
72)
Answer:
action list
73)
The response process by a receiver to a sender within the communication process is called
________.
73)
Answer:
feedback
74)
A ________ is a peer group review of any product created during the systems development
process.
74)
Answer:
walkthrough
11
75)
________ is a form of communication where all parties involved are present at the same
time, but not necessarily at the same place.
75)
Answer:
Synchronous communication
76)
________ is the careful and detailed documentation of a project or project phase at its
termination.
76)
Answer:
Administrative closure
77)
________ are reports designed to describe what the project team has accomplished.
77)
Answer:
Progress reports
78)
Hallway communications are a form of ________.
78)
Answer:
informal communication
TRUE/FALSE. Write ‘T’ if the statement is true and ‘F’ if the statement is false.
79)
Cross–functional within–team communication is typically viewed as vertical communication.
79)
Answer:
True
False
80)
A standards oracle checks if a deliverable adheres to organizational standards.
80)
Answer:
True
False
81)
Visual aids can be used to enhance oral communication.
81)
Answer:
True
False
82)
Groupware enables larger groups to meet.
82)
Answer:
True
False
83)
The process of reviewing each major project activity with continuation contingent on successful
completion of the prior phase is called incremental commitment.
83)
Answer:
True
False
84)
Oral communication is effective for reprimanding a team member.
84)
Answer:
True
False
85)
Virtual teams can be categorized as different time, different place interactions.
85)
Answer:
True
False
12
86)
At the end of a walkthrough presentation, the coordinator often polls each representative for his or
her recommendation.
86)
Answer:
True
False
87)
When making a presentation, it is important to include much detailed information on the slides.
87)
Answer:
True
False
88)
A good listener listens without evaluating.
88)
Answer:
True
False
89)
Parallelism allows many people to speak and listen at the same time.
89)
Answer:
True
False
90)
In synchronous communication, all participants have to be present at the same time and place.
90)
Answer:
True
False
91)
Most meetings are not as effective as they could be.
91)
Answer:
True
False
92)
Written communications usually has the form of hardcopies.
92)
Answer:
True
False
93)
Written communication can be produced quickly.
93)
Answer:
True
False
94)
Oral communication is very effective for commendation for quality work.
94)
Answer:
True
False
95)
The smell of food can interfere with successful communication.
95)
Answer:
True
False
96)
Status reports describe what a project team has accomplished so far.
96)
Answer:
True
False
97)
Vertical communication tends to be relatively more formal.
97)
Answer:
True
False
13
98)
Informal conversations such as hallway conversations should be avoided by project team members.
98)
Answer:
True
False
ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.
99)
Describe administrative closure and why it is important.
Answer:
Administrative closure occurs at the termination of a project or project phase and consists of careful and
detailed documentation of the project’s results so that all related information reflects the most accurate
account of the success or failure of the project. Projects and project activities can conclude with a natural
or unnatural termination. A natural termination occurs when the requirements of the project or phase
have been met · the project or phase has been completed and is a success. An unnatural termination
occurs when the project is stopped before completion. Several events can cause unnatural termination to
a project or phase. For instance, it may be learned that some assumptions that were used to guide the
project proved to be false or that the performance of the system, or that the development team was
somehow inadequate or that the requirements are no longer relevant or valid in the current business
environment. The most likely reasons for unnatural termination of a project relate to running out of time
or money, or both. In order for future teams to learn from past projects, accurate and complete
documentation is required. It is important to note that project closure activities occur throughout the
duration of the project.
Failure to comprehensively close each phase, as it occurs, will likely result in the loss of important
information. In short, a project or project phase is not complete until it is closed.
100)
Recently, companies started deploying enterprise–wide project management environments. What are the
benefits that such environments offer?
Answer:
Enterprise–wide project management environments provide a variety of capabilities to enhance the
management of a portfolio of projects, especially when project teams are composed of members that are
geographically dispersed. These environments provide a Web–based interface for accessing all relevant
project information and provide numerous capabilities, including the ability to:
– Manage multiple projects as an overall portfolio for better decision making in regard to resource
assignment, problem identification, as well as trend and risk analysis.
– More closely track resource usage and workload as well as enable better planning for short– and
long–term resource assignments.
– Manage stakeholders’ expectations by effectively reporting project status in regard to time, resources.
– Enforce organizational best practices of project methodologies and processes.
– Support improved participation by enabling team members to easily manage, track, and report project
updates.
– Better manage project–related deliverables through the use of a central document repository with
versioning and editing control.
14
101)
Explain the concept of information richness. For what types of communication might a richer medium be more
suited?
Answer:
Information richness is referred to as the extent to which a communication environment allows the
exchange of verbal and nonverbal cues, supports interaction and feedback, and can be personalized to
the communicator (Daft and Lengel, 1986). Rich environments support the exchange of verbal and
nonverbal cues, rapid feedback, and are highly personal. Face–to–face communication is considered the
richest environment. Lean environments allow a limited range of cues to be exchanged, limited, or
delayed feedback, and are relatively impersonal. Because of their information richness potential, various
types of collaboration technologies are more appropriate for some communication than for others. For
example, when your communication is a complex, difficult to accept, or a non–routine problem, it may
need a richer environment that provides a broad variety of cues, rapid feedback, and a personal
orientation. However, for simple, routine, or impersonal communication, a relatively lean environment
may be adequate.
15