1. The assembly effect:
2. What is not an advantage of the assembly effect?
3. Which characteristics of members enhance the quality of group outputs?
4. Each group member possesses information relevant to solving a problem. This means the group is effective
at:
5. A verifiable observed event is a(n):
6. The statement, “The best place to spend a vacation is in the snowy mountains,” is an example of:
7. A fallacy is:
8. Jennifer concludes that because some college students have defaulted on their government-guaranteed loans,
most or all college students are irresponsible. This is an example of:
9. Evaluating information from the World Wide Web poses unique problems. The authors suggest evaluation
criteria including:
10. Which statement presents a false dilemma?
11. “Assembly effect” means that
12. To second guess a solution or option that has been tentatively decided upon by a group is to
13. In Effective Group Discussion, critical thinking was used to refer to
14. The act of choosing among alternatives is referred to as
15. According to your authors, why do groups need structure?
16. The amount of authority a group has is its
17. A question that refers to what is right, good, preferable or acceptable is a question of
18. Fisher used interaction analysis to discover four phases in decision making by groups, which he called
19. During the REINFORCEMENT state of a decision-making procedure,
20. An advantage of deciding by MAJORITY vote of members is that
21. Groupthink discussions are characterized by frequent expressions of ______________.
22. Lacks others’ input, so may not be high quality
23. Members are more satisfied and committed to the decision
24. Minority side may stay silent out of fear
25. Members may resent the decision if their input isn’t used
26. Familiar procedure for Americans and each vote counts equally
27. The advantage groups usually have over individuals in making decisions on complex issues comes more
from the combined knowledge of the members than from the interaction process.
28. Rules about decision making affect the quality of choices made by a small group.
29. To present most choices as “either this or that” is to commit a logical fallacy.
30. To claim that public executions would reduce violent crimes in the United States because public executions
have reduced violent crimes in Syria would be a valid analogy.
31. Groups engaging in groupthink usually have very high levels of cohesiveness.
32. “On February 20, 1993, Senator Ralph Rogue said that the population of the United States would reach
300,000,000 by the year 2020″ is a statement of fact.
33. Groups are better than individuals at solving disjunctive tasks.
35. “Decision making” is an approximate synonym for “problem solving.”
36. Groupthink is associated with a low level of cohesiveness.
37. An error in reasoning (logic) is called a ______________.
38. Evaluating all information and reasoning the process of moving to a decision is called ______________
thinking.
39. A group considers two cases in which wooden bridge beams broke under loaded trucks, then decides that
wooden beams are not safe for bridges that must carry trucks. This is an instance of the fallacy of
40. A discussant says that taxing the wealthiest citizens at a higher rate than other taxpayers is a poor idea
because proponents of that idea are “radical liberals.” That is an example of the logical fallacy called a(n)
______________ attack.
41. A synonym for decision making is ______________.
42. At their best, groups achieve an _________________ in which the decision is qualitatively and
quantitatively better than the best individual judgment of any one member.
43. The ______________ states that the communicative actions of group members determine decision-making
and problem-solving performance.
44. During the _________________________ phase of Fisher’s Model of Group Phases, members develop a
shared understanding of their task, the facts about available options, and how to interpret them.
45. ______________ is the systematic examination of information and ideas on the basis of evidence and
logical reasoning.
46. An __________ is a conclusion that is not supported by enough data.
47. When you act as if only two choices exist, when likely there are several, you have committed what fallacy?
48. Group members often make decisions that are more extreme than the individual members’ initial
preferences. This phenomenon is known as ________.
49. In an attempt to maintain cohesion, Jana doesn’t voice her disagreement with the decision being made. As a
result, a poor solution is implemented. Jana’s group is a victim of ___________.
50. A ___________________ occurs when members collectively hold the information they need to make the
best decision; leading to a far less effective solution.
51. _________________ suggests that as members get to know each other’s values, they want to appear
“correct” and may exaggerate opinions in the direction they believe the group values positively.
52. Gouran, Hirokawa, and their associates determined that groups must meet what five fundamental task
requirements?
53. List the four phases in the decision-making cycle theorized by Fisher, and DESCRIBE the major content of
discussion during each phase.
54. Define and contrast questions of fact, conjecture, value and policy.
55. What is group polarization and what two theories in Chapter 09 seek to explain it?
