Prevention programs focus on addressing those risk factors for delinquency that
juveniles may face.
a. True
b. False
What is the main active ingredient in marijuana and hashish?
a. Opium
b. Tetrahydrocannabinol
c. Sodium bicarbonate
d. Amyl nitrite
To whom can the foundation of developmental theory be traced?
a. Marvin Wolfgang
b. David Farrington
c. Terrence Thornberry
d. Sheldon and Eleanor Gleuck
A systematic analysis and response to the problems or conditions underlying criminal
incidents rather than the incidents themselves is the definition of ______.
a. community policing
b. police community relations
c. problem-oriented policing
d. team policing
In _____, the precourt diversion program named Het Alternatief or HALT is utilized.
a. Germany
b. Switzerland
c. Austria
d. The Netherlands
What legal doctrine was enacted to alleviate the problems of child labor in the early
nineteenth century by limiting the hours children were permitted to work as well as the
age at which they could begin to work?
a. Child Labor Act
b. Education and Work Act
c. Factory Act
d. Child Labor and Education Act
As a general rule, males who are involved in the justice system are sanctioned more
severely than females.
a. True
b. False
A nonpunitive strategy for delinquency control that attempts to address the issues that
produce conflict between two parties and reconcile the parties is referred to as _____.
a. step programming
b. restorative justice
c. innovative justice
d. therapeutic programming
The affective strategy to preventing school violence is to treat youths who have
manifested problems.
a. True
b. False
_____ afforded juveniles the right to counsel.
a. In re Gault
b. McKeiver v. Pennsylvania
c. In re Winship
d. Kent v. U.S.
Some individuals are incapable of maturing in a reasonable and timely fashion because
of family, environmental, or personal problems.
a. True
b. False
Generally speaking, the trend in school violence has been decreasing over the last two
decades.
a. True
b. False
_____ is the most widely used method of restitution in the United States.
a. Monetary restitution
b. Victim service restitution
c. Community service restitution
d. Independent restitution
Jill is a senior in high school. All through her academic career she has made good
grades and has never engaged in delinquent acts. Two months prior to graduation, Jill’s
mother was in an automobile accident; a man under the influence of alcohol ran a red
light and crashed into Jill’s mother’s car, killing her on impact. Jill was close to her
mother and her death strongly impacted Jill’s behavior. She began staying out late, her
grades started slipping, and she began drinking alcohol. What negative affective state,
according to Agnew, is Jill experiencing?
a. Failure to achieve positively valued goals
b. Disjunction between expectations and achievement
c. Removal of positively valued stimuli
d. Presentation of negative stimuli
Search and seizure is when the police have reasonable grounds to believe that an
offense has been committed and that the accused committed the crime.
a. True
b. False
Housing 20 to 40 juvenile offenders in a compound containing a series of small
bungalows was called _____.
a. foster homes
b. the houses of refuge
c. reform schools
d. the cottage system
Children from families with a household income of less than $15,000.00 per year
experience more abuse than children living in more affluent homes.
a. True
b. False
Your friend was given an assignment to research classical criminology. Whose writings
would your friend research to understand the core principles of this theory?
a. Marcus Felson
b. Travis Hirschi
c. Cesare Lombroso
d. Cesare Beccaria
The _____ are best known for the violence they inflict at dance parties organized by
other young people.
a. Hooligan Boys
b. Mafia Boys
c. Eagles
d. Posse
Alicia suggested that girls are socialized to be passive, which helps explain their low
crime rate. What type of theorist is Alicia?
a. Critical
b. Social
c. Biosocial
d. Psychodynamic
Roscoe stole a Match-Box car to give to his cousin who is in the hospital. Roscoe is not
caught and his cousin, who is dying from cancer, is happy for a short period of time.
Why type of deviance applies in this situation?
a. Primary
b. Covert
c. Overt
d. Secondary
Some offenders may begin their careers early in life, whereas others are late bloomers
who begin committing delinquency when most people desist.
a. True
b. False
The right to bail for juveniles in England is the similar to the juvenile rights in the
United States.
a. True
b. False
If you wanted to investigate a theory of delinquency that looks at the onset, continuity,
and termination of a delinquent career, which of the following would best suit your
investigation?
a. Trajectory
b. Life-course
c. Developmental
d. Age-graded
A lawyer appointed by the court to look after the interest of those who do not have the
capacity to assert their own rights is referred to as a ______.
a. child watcher
b. child saver
c. guardian ad litem
d. guardian angel
Becoming a significant branch of the British legal system, what was created during the
fifteenth century to oversee the lives of minor children of the wealthy who were
orphaned or unable to care for themselves?
a. Parens patriae
b. Chancery courts
c. Poor Laws
d. Dower system
One single factor, according to the general theory of crime, can explain all varieties of
crime, from delinquency to insider trading to murder. What is that factor?
a. Impaired social-emotional development
b. Psychopathologies
c. Deteriorated social bonds
d. Low self-control
Lombroso maintained that women were lower on the evolutionary scale than men.
a. True
b. False
Police departments in Chicago and Los Angeles have at one time used ______,
targeting gang areas and arresting members for any law violations.
a. community policing
b. problem-oriented policing
c. random patrol
d. saturation patrol
The arresting officer is involved in all four stages of the court process and writes the
predisposition report.
a. True
b. False
______is a comprehensive program used in secondary schools that reduces school
disorder and aims to improve the school environment.
a. Project PATHE
b. Big Brothers Big Sisters Program
c. Quantum Opportunities Program
d. Juvenile Mentoring Program
Incarcerated adolescent female offenders have fewer acute mental health symptoms and
psychological disturbances than male offenders.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following best aligns to the 1970s “discovery” regarding chronic youthful
offenders?
a. A small number of youthful offenders commit a significant percentage of all serious
crime
b. A small number of youthful offenders commit a small percentage of all serious crime
c. A large number of youthful offenders commit a significant percentage of all serious
crime
d. A large number of youthful offenders commit a small percentage of all serious crime
Most states do not allow a child’s testimony to be given on closed-circuit television
(CCTV).
a. True
b. False
Violence can be used to achieve a number of specific goals; what type of goal would
align with youths who take the law into their own hands if they do not trust the law?
What gender patterns did researchers begin to focus on in the 1950s?
What, according to Reckless, insulates a youth from criminogenic influences in the
environment?
What factor related to criminality is displayed by more males than females?
Discuss the research regarding programs aimed at improving parenting skills.
_____ include forestry camps, ranches, and farms that provide recreational activities or
work for juveniles.
Describe the policy shifts that may have escalated girls’ proneness to arrest. Explain
why you agree or disagree with the view that policy shifts may have affected girls’
proneness to arrest.
The U.S. Supreme Court put an end to the practice of life sentences without the
possibility of parole for juveniles convicted of nonhomicide crimes in which case?
Violence-prone youth tend to see the world around them as filled with what type of
people?
Discuss gender bias in police treatment of male and female offenders. Provide an
example.
What are gang members far more likely to posses than are non”gang members?
Describe the relationship between social class and abuse. Explain why you agree or
disagree with this relationship.
What, according to Hirschi, are youths who reject social relationships more likely to
lack?
Discuss the conflicting values in juvenile justice.
Describe why the work of Sheldon and Eleanor Glueck had such a great influence on
developmental theory. Explain your view on the value of their work as it applies to
problems with delinquency today.
List and describe three reasons experts provide as to why crime declines with age.
Which of the reasons do you find most viable? Provide a rationale for your views.
Nuclear families that are the product of divorce and remarriage are called _____.
What theory holds that antisocial behavior is caused by a lack of self-control stemming
from an impulsive personality?
Discuss socialization and status as they relate to a student’s educational experience.