Chapter 7 Glossary
adaptors: (p. 220) Touching gestures, often unconsciously made, that serve a physical or
psychological purpose. For example, twirling hair while reading, jingling pocket change, and
fingering jewelry may be gestures that provide comfort, signal anxiety, or are simply
unconscious habits.
affect displays: (p. 232) Intentional or unintentional nonverbal behaviors that reveal real
or pretended emotions, such as a frown, a choked sob, or a smile intended to disguise fear.
aggressive-hostile touch: (p. 224) A touch designed to hurt and humiliate others,
involving forms of physical violence like grabbing, slapping, and hitting.
artifacts: (p. 229) Things we possess that influence how we see ourselves and that we use
to express our identity to others. Jewelry, for instance, can indicate economic means,
marital status, religious affiliation, style preferences, and taste.
chronemics: (p. 226) A nonverbal code that represents the way you use time to
communicate in interpersonal encounters.
dominance: (p. 235) The interpersonal behaviors we use to exert power or influence over
others. Dominance may occur through nonverbal behavior, as in crowding threateningly into
a person’s intimate zone, staring someone down, or keeping another person waiting.
emblems: (p. 219) Gestures that symbolize a specific verbal meaning within a given
