Unlock document.
This document is partially blurred.
Unlock all pages and 1 million more documents.
Get Access
Chapter 15: The Autonomic Nervous System
Learning Objectives:
1. Name the components that generate the sympathetic and parasympathetic
responses of the autonomic nervous system sympathetic is associated with the
fight-or flight response and parasympathetic is referred to by the epithet of
rest and digest. Homeostasis is what keeps the two-system balanced.
2. Explain the differences in output connections within the two divisions of the
autonomic nervous system The fight or flight has many different effector
organs that are activated together for a common purpose. One effector
causes more oxygen to be inhaled and delivered to skeletal muscle also the
respiratory, cardiovascular and musculoskeletal system are all activated
together. The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system
influences the various organs systems of the body through connections
emerging from the thoracic and upper lumbar spinal cord.
3. Describe the signaling molecules and receptor proteins involved in
communication within the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system The
electrical signal of the action potential causes the release of a signaling
molecule, which will bind to receptors protein the target cells.
4. Compare the structure of somatic and autonomic reflex arcs The difference
between these two reflex arcs is that autonomic is based in the cardiac and
smooth muscles while autonomic is based in the skeletal system. The output
of a somatic reflex is the lower motor neuron in the ventral horns od the
spinal cord that projects directly to a skeletal muscle. In an automatic reflex
