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THE TRIPLE BOTTOM LINE AND SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
The triple bottom line term is to explain economic, environmental, and social value of investment
that may rise outside a firm’s financial bottom line. Triple bottom line thinking is related to the
concept of sustainable development. Triple bottom line and sustainability concepts have gained
traction in fields related to economic development including business, planning, finance, and real
estate.
When distinctions are created between economic growth and economic development, the previous
generally refers to a change in the size of the economy, whereas the latter refers either to a change
in the structure of the economy facilitative of economic growth or a qualitative improvement in
societal conditions stemming from economic activity. Distinctions between economic growth and
economic development also emerged with increased awareness about threats to the natural
resource base necessary to sustain economies. Referred to as ecosystem services, natural resources
