ANSWERS
1.) In the early times in Europe, the state had to collabrate with feudal barons to protect themselves.
Which is a bad idea because as the interests of the rulers changed, their future actions also changed
as well. After that, In Europe before the modern age, rulers were recruiting mercenaries to protect
themselves and the citizens of the state. Mercenaries, caused customs,taxations and excess income
from the rising bourgeois understanding. The mercenaries worked only for their own benefit and
they did not remain loyal to the state, regardless of the public or interest. They worked for amount
of money. Disturbed by this, the rulers decided to unite and establish standing armies. Standing
armies supported by the power of church. Before the standing army, church was seeing soldiers as
people with guns who work for state and thought them as a theological threat for them. After state
realesing standing army, church supported them. Because of the supporting power, standing army
defined for protecting citizens, protecting everybody in rational features and they gained theological
power.
2.) In my opinion contemporary wars can be defined as new wars. Because, the main feature of
seperating new wars between old wars is identify politics. If we can give an example, the recent war
from Azerbaijan and Armenia is happened for protecting their land and fight for Qaradagh is
belongs to who. New wars are operating with standing army which in modern world every country
has standing army but some of them are weak and some of them are strong. Another feature of new
wars is also methods, the old wars had specific goals but new wars had multitype aims. They not
just wants a single land, they want to conquer the land in political ways. After the conquering they
want to keep the society in their control. Lastly, old wars had their finance from the state but
between the states in the war, poor one was back off or became loser. Because state could not fulfill
their needs. In new wars armys are gainin their financial power from different types of people who
can support them. This money can be gain by taxation, looting, diasparo support and many more.
Those features are belongs to new wars and most of them can seen in contemporary wars as well.