This article “Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity” overall aims to define the pathogenic, clinical
and diagnostic criteria of non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NGCS). The current diagnostic
criterion for NCGS is negatively testing for celiac disease (CD) and have troubles caused
by consumption of wheat or gluten containing foods, and the disappearance of these
troubles upon elimination of gluten from the diet.
The review starts by introducing the idea that since the increase in wheat consumption and
variety of gluten enriched wheat products, there has been an increase in the prevalence of
CD, however there are a significant number of people experiencing symptoms similar to
those with CD, however are tested negatively for the pathological tests for CD (negative
testing for CD specific serology and histopathology and negatively testing for IgE
mediated assays).
Current research does not clearly define or categorize NCGS neither do we know the exact
pathology when it comes to diagnosing NGCS, but through various studies, it is confirmed
that NGCS is not an auto-immune disease, unlike CD which is classified as auto-immune.
The authors review that there is lesser of a genetic component involved with NGCS, as
with compared with CD however, the 12.8% of people with NGCS are shown to be related
to patients with CD, which may lead to conclusions that some patients with NGCS are at
early stages of developing CD.
Two ways of differentiating between CD and NGCS is the production of intestinal T
lymphocytes (which was less inhibited in people with CD). The other method which may
be useful to diagnose NGCS may be modifications in the small intestinal mucosa barrier.
