Memory and Information Processing
Conceptualizing Memory
Information processing approach
Emphasizes the basic mental
processes involved in attention,
perception, memory, and decision
making
Maturation of the nervous system
plus experience enable adults to
remember more than young
children
Conceptualizing
Memory
Sensory
register
Short-term
memory
Long-term
memory
Information-
processing
framework
(Atkinson and
Shiffren)
Encode
Consolidation
Storage
Refers to holding information in a long-term
memory store
Information is processed and organized in a
form suitable for long-term storage
Get information into the system
Conceptualizing
Memory
Retrieval
•
Process of getting
information out when it is
needed
Recognition
memory
•
Recognition among the
options
Recall
memory
• Requires active retrieval
without the aid of cues
Cued recall
memory
• Given a hint or cue to
facilitate retrieval
Conceptualizing
Memory
Expanded view of short-
term memory consists
of a central executive
•
Directs attention and controls
the flow of information
Working memory
•
Mental “scratch pad” that
temporarily stores
information while actively
operating on it
Conceptualizing Memory
Implicit and Explicit Memory
Implicit memory
Explicit memory
