Management 1 INTRODUCTIONIn this

1. INTRODUCTION

In this Field Study Report I have discussed the concept and importance of the Leadership

in management, and how it can be used objectively in an organization. For this purpose I

have studied and analyzed the techniques being used by ABM Data Systems (Private)

Limited, and finally, I have made some recommendations for improvement in the

organization.

1.1 THE MANAGEMENT PROCESS

The process of management consists of the functions of planning, organizing, staffing,

leading, and controlling. At the planning stage the management defines goals and

objectives to be achieved. Organizing, staffing, and leading are functions to implement

those plans. The controlling function is used to determine whether the established

objectives have been achieved. The functions of management are explained briefly below:

1.1.1 PLANNING

At this stage, broad organizational goals and objectives are first defined. Then, the broad

goals are broken down into smaller and narrowed objectives. To achieve those narrowed

objectives, various alternative courses of action are determined. After studying and

analyzing all alternative courses, and applying the techniques of decision making, the most

effective and feasible course of action is chosen. The chosen course of action is also called

the plan of action.

1.1.2 ORGANIZING

The first step in implementation of a plan is organizing. Organizing means to break up the

plan of action into smaller activities so that it can be accomplished by a group of people.

The organizing function thus not only determines the persons needed to do a job, but also

defines the job of each position in the organizational hierarchy.

1.1.3 STAFFING

The staffing function involves the recruitment of appropriate staff to the positions defined

at the organizing phase.

1.1.4 LEADING

To get the work done through people requires the people to be properly led. The leading

function, therefore, involves motivation of the employees, and effective communication

with the employees, and their participation in the organizational goals.

1.1.5 CONTROLLING

The controlling function ensures that the managerial plans are being implemented

properly, and through comparison of results with the targets, it is determined whether the

organizational goals and objectives are being met. Various control techniques, which

would be discussed shortly, are used to implement such controls.

2 LEADERSHIP

Leadership in the management scope refers to the art of inducing subordinates to

accomplish their assignments with zeal, devotion and confidence. Manager, as a leader,

influences his subordinates to work together willingly on related tasks to attain, and makes

them to put their best efforts. Managerial leadership is one of the most effective tool of