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1. INTRODUCTION
In this Field Study Report I have discussed the concept and importance of the Leadership
in management, and how it can be used objectively in an organization. For this purpose I
have studied and analyzed the techniques being used by ABM Data Systems (Private)
Limited, and finally, I have made some recommendations for improvement in the
organization.
1.1 THE MANAGEMENT PROCESS
The process of management consists of the functions of planning, organizing, staffing,
leading, and controlling. At the planning stage the management defines goals and
objectives to be achieved. Organizing, staffing, and leading are functions to implement
those plans. The controlling function is used to determine whether the established
objectives have been achieved. The functions of management are explained briefly below:
1.1.1 PLANNING
At this stage, broad organizational goals and objectives are first defined. Then, the broad
goals are broken down into smaller and narrowed objectives. To achieve those narrowed
objectives, various alternative courses of action are determined. After studying and
analyzing all alternative courses, and applying the techniques of decision making, the most
effective and feasible course of action is chosen. The chosen course of action is also called
the plan of action.
1.1.2 ORGANIZING
The first step in implementation of a plan is organizing. Organizing means to break up the
plan of action into smaller activities so that it can be accomplished by a group of people.
The organizing function thus not only determines the persons needed to do a job, but also
defines the job of each position in the organizational hierarchy.
1.1.3 STAFFING
The staffing function involves the recruitment of appropriate staff to the positions defined
at the organizing phase.
1.1.4 LEADING
To get the work done through people requires the people to be properly led. The leading
function, therefore, involves motivation of the employees, and effective communication
with the employees, and their participation in the organizational goals.
1.1.5 CONTROLLING
The controlling function ensures that the managerial plans are being implemented
properly, and through comparison of results with the targets, it is determined whether the
organizational goals and objectives are being met. Various control techniques, which
would be discussed shortly, are used to implement such controls.
2 LEADERSHIP
Leadership in the management scope refers to the art of inducing subordinates to
accomplish their assignments with zeal, devotion and confidence. Manager, as a leader,
influences his subordinates to work together willingly on related tasks to attain, and makes
them to put their best efforts. Managerial leadership is one of the most effective tool of
