Impact of Work Place Spirituality on Job Satisfaction Vol. 1, No. 1, 2019
RADS Journal of Business Management
49
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Impact of Work Place Spirituality on Job
Satisfaction
Hina Zaidi1,*, Muhammad Muzammil Ghayas1, Talha Iftikhar Khan Durrani2
1Iqra University, Karachi, Pakistan
2Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
A B S T R A CT
This research aims to determine the impact of Workplace Spirituality on the Job Satisfaction in the healthcare
sector of Karachi. Data were collected from 250 employees of the healthcare sector. Multiple Regression
Analysis was used as the statistical technique. The findings of the research were determined through discussing
the hypothesis and highlighting the influence of workplace spirituality among people employed within areas
linked with the field of healthcare. This research demonstrated the experiences of the individuals with respect
to the job satisfaction and the relation it has with the workplace spirituality. This research showed that
Alignment of values, Meaningful work, Compassion and Spiritual orientation advances the spirituality’s
understanding in the workplace linked with the job satisfaction. It also contributes to clarify the spirituality’s
dimensions which is considered a factor in the job satisfaction. In this way, spirituality is said to be a person’s
dimension, providing it an explanatory nature with respect to the experiences.
Article info.
Received: June 27, 2019
Accepted: August 22, 2019
Cite this article: Zaidi H, Ghayas MM, Durrani TIK. Impact of Work Place Spirituality
on Job Satisfaction. RADS Journal of Business Management. 2019; 1(1): 49–57.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any
medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Funding Source: Nil
Conflict of Interest: Nil
*Address of Correspondence:
hinazaidi536@gmail.com
1. INTRODUCTION
Nowadays, people are getting more and more concerned about the workplace spirituality. Spirituality is a
movement that seeks to improve the work conditions. The aim in this context is to advance reflection on the
issue of spirituality at work. Studies point to a major impact positive impact of spirituality on employees at
work and on the performance organizational structure. This is because there is a greater personal development,
enthusiasm, personal commitment in individual and team work, but also, improvement in motivation and
communication and quality of life of a company’s employees. People high on spirituality are much more
sensitive, this makes them closer to their Workgroup. Hence, they can better play the role of leader by
developing effective work in a team, which in turn helps improving the relationship with the customers (Fatima
et al., 2017).
Spirituality is a process of growth and maturity of its essence as a human being. When your mind feels anger
or hatred, spirituality spreads through your body a sense of forgiveness and frees you from such feelings.
Spirituality is the guardian of our state of mind. In an organization, while motivation encourages competition,
spirituality encourages sharing. In a motivational organization, only one professional wins, while one that is
Impact of Work Place Spirituality on Job Satisfaction Vol. 1, No. 1, 2019
50
RADS Journal of Business Management
focused on spirituality, all the professionals go to the podium and, better yet, they all fit in the first place (Afsar,
Badir & Kiani, 2016).
The performance of professionals capable of dealing with these needs of the employees of the organization
will enable the development of the dimensions of a sense of community in the team, joy in work and the
opportunity for the inner life. Since in the Pakistan organizational context the individual of an organization
seeks this kind of help outside of it (psychological clinics and religious institutions), an organization that
reduces this gap in performance, in addition to the differential in organizational human relations, the
organization will gain in productivity (Khan, Khan & Chaudhry, 2015).
1.1. Problem Statement
This paper is to find out the impact of workplace spirituality on job satisfaction. Previous studies are mostly
on workplace spirituality and organizational behavior such as Workplace Spirituality and Unethical Pro-
organizational Behavior (Zhang, 2018). Another article on the topic seeks to study the spirituality among the
employees of the hospitality sector and seeks to study it in relation to employee engagement, intention to stay,
and service delivery also provides a clear understanding about the importance of the topic (Milliman, Gatling
& Kim, 2018). Another article by Mumtaz (2017) provide a clear understanding of workplace spirituality
dimensions play any role in enhancing nurse job satisfaction in Lahore, however, no such study has been
conducted in the healthcare sector of Karachi, therefore this research study considers the practical application
of the research for the spirituality at the workplace. Spiritual orientation, Compassion, Meaningful work, and
Alignment of values, advance understanding of spirituality at workplace associated with job satisfaction and
assists in clarifying the degree to which the dimensions of spirituality are a factor in overall job satisfaction.
1.2. Importance and Significance of the Study
When we talk about spirituality in organizations, people confuse it with religion (Hassan, Nadeem & Akhter,
2016). Spirituality is a dimension of the human person, giving it an interpretative nature in relation to their
experiences. Whatever the way character – atheist, agnostic or spiritualist – the human being needs to find sense
in your life and answers to the questions it is presented, in a way that more or less sudden. Because man thinks,
decides and makes himself personally through interpersonal relationships. In the social sphere we can find the
world of work and, in particular, organizations. Organizations are living organisms because are made up of
people who weave together webs of communication and communication which, in themselves, shape the
organization. In these troubled times, where the notion of stability and perennially has been blurred, more and
more the search for a sustainable advantage is based on the clear definition of a vision and mission to build a
distinctive identity (Milliman, Gatling & Kim, 2018).
Spirituality is reflected in respect for others, in solidarity, in the leadership style and even teamwork. Hence,
spirituality means considering the human being in totality, respecting and investing in all dimensions: physical,
intellectual, emotional and spiritual development, creating a corporate culture universal human and spiritual
values. Hence, spirituality must support humanist causes, and thus it can be argued that there is no spirituality
without Humanization. The values should be translated into attitudes, respect for the other, the listening,
customer service, solidarity, leadership style, team work. To associate spirituality with work is to build a model
of management for making the organizations ability to remain creative (Mumtaz, 2017).
Since, this research aims to answer the following research question:
What is the impact of Workplace Spirituality on the Job Satisfaction in the healthcare sector of Karachi?
Therefore, this research thesis is of significant importance for the managers in the health care sector to
determine that how the workplace, spirituality may influence the job satisfaction of the employees working in
the healthcare sector.
Impact of Work Place Spirituality on Job Satisfaction Vol. 1, No. 1, 2019
The rest of the paper is organized as follows: literature review is given in section two, section three explains
the research methodology and results are reported in section four, section five outlines discussion of study and
conclusions, suggestions and recommendations are given in section six.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
The Two Factor theory was developed by the American Frederick Herzberg, the theory was first published in
his book “The Motivation to Work”. Its purpose was to identify the factors that caused employee satisfaction
and dissatisfaction in the workplace. Herzberg, then, divided these accounts into two factors: motivational
(those that pleased) and hygienic (those that displeased) (Walt & de Klerk, 2014). Herzberg’s theory is
basically a motivational theory that focuses on motivation and the job satisfaction. The theory suggests that
traditional motivational factors such as pay, etc. are the hygiene factors are do not motivate employees,
although their absence may result in the demotivation or dissatisfaction for the employees. This, in turns
suggests that the topics of employee motivation and employee satisfaction are not as simple as they were
previously assumed. This led the researchers to seek for the motivators and workplace spirituality is one such
factor that can be categorized as the motivator and this research study seeks to explain the impact of this
motivator on the job satisfaction. Hence, this research study is based on the two factor theory.
2.1. Workplace Spirituality
Spirituality at work knows how to live with generalized diversity, from the point of view of ideas to the
emotions. Only with a spiritual maturity, is there the possibility of replacing the comfort of being with the
reason to massage the position, the feeling of priorities that the functional demands and that the organization
needs. The search for ownership of reason has caused conflicts throughout the history of companies and is still
