Dominick Keenan
Professor Mabalon
History 121
2 October, 2015
The National Association for the Advancement of Colored people or the NAACP was an
organization created by a group of white reformers who were appalled by lynching
occurring in the country (Foner, Give Me Liberty!, pg. 596). They started a large conflict
of trying to impose the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments. The group was found by W.
E. B. DuBois in 1909 after he assembled a group of black leaders on the Canadian side of
the Niagara Falls in 1905, this is where the niagara movement was coordinated who sought
to reinvigorate the abolitionist tradition. W. E. B. Du Bois was an african american born in
1868 that was educated at Fisk and Harvard Universities (Foner, Give Me Liberty!, pg.
595). The NAACP was able to win a couple of times in court once in 1911 in Bailey v.
Alabama and in 1917 they ruled a Louisville regulation that excluded blacks from living in
certain parts of the city (Foner, Give Me Liberty!, pg. 596). The NAACP is significant in
history during this because it was the first group in the progressive area to try to progress
towards racial justice.
The Fourteenth Amendment is the amendment that declared that all people born in the
United States are citizens. It was ratified by Congress in 1866 as their own plan for
Reconstruction(Foner, Give me Liberty!, pg. 457). This amendment was created also to
prohibit the states from altering the entitlements of citizens by denying their right of “equal
protection of the law” (Foner, Give Me Liberty!, pg. 457). However, the Fourteenth did not
give black men the right to vote but, it if a state were to deny the vote of any group of men
the state’s representation in Congress would be reduced(Foner, Give Me Liberty!, pg. 458).
What makes the Fourteenth Amendment significant in history it was now stated in the
constitution that the law comes after equally of all citizens regardless of race is a
fundamental right, this is most definitely the biggest change in the constitution since the
Bill of Rights.(Foner, Give Me Liberty!, pg. 458).
Essay Questions
Immigration in the United States has been around since the California gold rush in 1848,
many people from all over the world came to the states to try to strike it rich from gold.
Though over time two different immigration groups arose Asian and European, the Asians
on the west coast at Angel Island and the Europeans on the east coast at Ellis Island. There
