118 Chapter 11 Living Arrangements
Geographic Distribution of the Older Population
See 11.1 (Page 449)
Elder-Friendly/Livable Communities
Physical Environment Concept (P-E)
congruence—this focuses on the individual’s
level of competence, needs and preferences
(see page 450)
Relocation
This presents P-E incongruence or discontinuity
In competence and individual demands.
Each type of relocation presents different levels
of stress.
See Page 452 Three-stage model of migration-
Not surprising AARP survey found “I’d like to
stay in my own home and never move”. 50 and
older 89 % agreed with that statement.
Impact of the Neighborhood
Amenities e.g. banks, stores, Laundromat, or
senior center convenience creates greater
satisfaction.
Victimization and Fear of Crime
Older populations experience a lower rate of all
types of victimization. See chart on 455
Older white and African American Women are
at lowest risk for violent crime.
Older People are more susceptible to
economically devastating crimes such as frau
and confidence games. (Con artists and High-
pressure salespeople)
Medical fraud more likely.
Housing Pattern of Older People
Independent living In 2008, of 24 million
older households surveyed 80 percent owned
and 20 percent rented. Up keep of older
homes can be problematic…….high utility costs.
Planned Housing—They can include
subsidized housing for low-income and age-
segregated for middle and upper income older
