• What activities did women perform in the tribal economy of native societies?
– control of the raising and distribution of crops
• Archaeological studies of the Mound Builders suggest that Native American
– societies participated in a vast trading network that linked villages across the
continent.
• Timbuktu in the fourteenth century was a
– city in Mali, with a distinguished faculty of scholars.
• Which of the following characteristics of a matrilineal tribe in North America is NOT
accurate?
– newly married men remained in their father’s household
• How did Europeans view Native American people and their behavior?
– as cultural barbarians
– as religious pagans
– as political savages
• At the time of early contact with Europeans, Africa was a continent marked by
– diverse and elaborate cultures.
• The social organization of African societies included
– kings and noblemen at the top
– a great mass of people who worked as farmers
– urban craftsmen who supported the elites
• The Spanish encountered the Aztec people in Mexico in the year
– 1519
• To Europeans, “China” was known as
– Cathay
• Which of the following nations became the early leader of European exploration?
– Portugal
• The results of creating a more cohesive political confederacy for the Iroquois included
– increasing village stability
• The West African empire of Ghana became noted for its
– long-distance commerce
– elaborate sculpture and metalwork
– extensive urban settlement
• Population growth and cultural development in West Africa
– depended upon ecological conditions and geography
• The Aztecs, one of the Meso-American empires, created a(n)
– sophisticated agricultural system
• By the 1430s, Prince Henry’s captains had reached
– the Madeira, Azores, and Canary Islands.
• The small country of Portugal was an early leader in navigation despite having a
population of only
– 1 million.
• As a result of the development of agriculture in the Americas, the members of native
tribes
– grew in numbers and founded separate societies
• In contrast to the fate of Africans enslaved in the Americas, the slaves in West African
societies
– did not suffer a permanently servile condition.
• Africans in West Africa could be enslaved for
– punishment for crimes
• The Pueblo people of the American Southwest, encountered by the Spanish in the 1540s
– used irrigation canals, dams, and hillside terracing to water their arid maize fields.
• In contrast to the Europeans, most natives of North America believed that land serves as
the basis for
– common sustenance
• The Little Ice Age impacted native societies in the Americas in all of the following ways
EXCEPT:
– Native women lost power
• To consolidate power in the second half of the fifteenth century, European monarchs
– sought political and social stability.
– created bureaucracies to manage their kingdoms
– nourished the impulse to expand.
• Many ancient humans migrated to the Americas over a
– land bridge
• Native Americans encountered by Europeans practiced a form of religion known as
– Polytheism
• To Native American peoples, trade was not only an economic matter but also a way to
preserve reciprocity between individuals and communities.
– True
• Humans settled the Americas, Japan, and Scandinavia around 35,000 B.C.E.
– True
• In the Southeast, native civilizations traced their ancestry back at least 8,000 years.
– True
• Portuguese sailors ventured down the West African coast by 1460.
– True
• The Iroquois Confederation numbered approximately 10,000 people by 1500.
– True
• The rebirth of learning in Europe, called the __________ , encouraged freedom of
thought, richness of expression, and an emphasis on human abilities.
– Renaissance
• The first European-controlled __________ were founded by the Portuguese
