Emergency Response and Crisis Management Planning
November 24, 2013
Title
Emergency Response and Crisis Management Planning:
Adapting for Tactical Secondary Assaults and Active Shooter Scenarios
Author
XXXXXXXXX
Research Project for:
University of Maryland University College
Homeland Security Management 630 Fall 2013
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Emergency Response and Crisis Management Planning
November 24, 2013
Table of Contents
Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………………3
Introduc#on……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………....4
Discussion………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….4
Emergency and Crisis Management Planning…………………………………………………………………….………..4
Hazard Types……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….5
All-Hazards Model……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….6
Excep#ons to the Rule……………………………………………………………………………………………………..…..7
Terrorist Tac#cs – Secondary Hazards…………………………………………………………………………..…………8
Other A2acks – Ac#ve Shooters……………………………………………………………………….…………………...8
Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..………….9
References……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….10
Table 1. Hazard Categories and First Level Sub-categories………….………….…………..……...…....…..…....…...6
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Emergency Response and Crisis Management Planning
November 24, 2013
Abstract
Emergency Response and Crisis Management Planning are essential to organizational
resilience and business continuity. Traditionally the [primary] objective of these plans was to
ensure the safety and security of personnel, with secondary objectives of protecting
organizational assets, minimizing loss due to hazards, and finally restoring normal operations.
This remains mostly accurate for natural hazards, but recent changes in tactical approaches by
terror organizations like Al Qaeda have brought about a need for change. The “secondary” attack
method targets medical, law enforcement, military, and others by using a small decoy action to
attract responders to a target location and the activating a secondary assault aimed at them
specifically. This has also been problematic in mass-shooting scenarios, were response plans
actually put personnel at greater risk. Understanding that the FEMA “All-Hazards” model is
simply a framework, it is my conclusion that special emphasis be made to ensure that these
particular attack scenarios are addressed.
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Emergency Response and Crisis Management Planning
November 24, 2013
Introduction
This paper will explore changes in U.S. Emergency and Crisis Management Planning in
response to ever evolving anthropogenic (man-made) attack techniques – particularly those
adaptations necessary to address active and secondary threat scenarios.
Discussion
Emergency and Crisis Management Planning
Since 2001, Emergency, Crisis, and Disaster Preparedness activities have been vertically
integrated under the umbrella of services provided by the new Department of Homeland
Security. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) oversees planning efforts at the
