TITLE I OBLIGATIONS
Chapter 1: General Provisions
a
ARTICLE 1156. An obligation is a juridical necessity to give, to do or not to do. (n)
Meaning of Obligation. • Obligation is derived from the Latin word obligatio which means tying or
binding.
Meaning of Juridical Necessity.
• Obligation is referred to as a juridical necessity because non-fulfillment of which will give rise to a
right of action.
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Nature of Obligations Under
the Civil Code.
• Civil obligations Obligations which give to the creditor or obligee a right under the law to enforce their
performance in courts of justice. • Natural obligations Obligations that do not grant a right of action to
enforce their performance although in case of voluntary fulfillment by the debtor, the latter may not
recover what has been delivered or rendered by reason thereof.
Essential Requisites of an Obligation.
• Passive subject (called debtor or obligor) • Active subject (called creditor or obligee) • Object or
prestation (subject matter of the obligation) • Juridical or legal tie (also called efficient cause)
EXAMPLE:
Under a building contract, X bound himself to build a house for Y for 1,000,000.00.
